附录：IELTS口语考试常用词语1 家庭、婚姻姓family name; surname名given name辈分position in the family hierarchy 传统观念traditional ideas核心家庭nuclear family大家庭extended family直系家庭stem family标准家庭standard family传统家庭traditional family单亲家庭single-parent family单亲爸爸father in a single-parent family 单亲妈妈mother in a single-parent family 家长统治patriarchal rule孝顺filial piety孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son岳父father-in-law岳母mother-in-law姐夫brother-in-law嫂子sister-in-law女婿son-in-law媳妇daughter-in-law叔(伯) uncle姨(姑) aunt侄女niece侄子nephew堂兄(妹) cousin养子adopted son养女adopted daughter养父(母) adopted parent寡妇widow鳏夫widower平均寿命life expectancy; life circle安乐死euthanasia代沟generation gap订婚get engaged求婚proposal大男子主义male chauvinism女权主义者feminist生育控制birth control人口控制population control避孕措施contraceptive method绝育sterilization人工流产induced abortion人口普查census出生高峰birth peak出生率birth rate婚宴wedding banquet晚礼服evening gown新娘礼服bridal dress婚纱bridal veil彩礼betrothal gifts；bride-price花轿bridal sedan chair未婚妻fiancee未婚夫fiance新郎bridegroom新娘bride订婚戒指band; engagement ring伴娘bride's maid结婚戒指diamond; wedding ring伴郎groomsman; best man结婚登记marriage registration媒人matchmaker结婚典礼marriage ceremony蜜月honeymoon结婚证marriage certificate婚姻状况marital status同居cohabitation求婚courtship婚姻关系marital relations婚姻破裂marital breakdown婚姻介绍所the marriage agency征婚广告matrimonial advertisement离婚divorce离婚者divorcee离婚率divorce rate重婚bigamy重婚者bigamist再婚remarry姘妇concubine怀孕to bear a child性别歧视sex discrimination平等对待be treated equally经济独立be financially independent38页计划生育planning-birth计划生育委员会Family Planning Commission 人口密集thickly populated人口稀少sparsely populated独生子女政策one-child policy 请产假on maternity leave 后代offspring遗产heritage一代人generationB超 B scan2中外部分节庆日新年New Year’s Day春节、The Spring Festival元宵节The Lantern Festival国际劳动妇女节International WorkingWoman’s Day清明节Qing Ming Festival青年节Youth Day端午节The Dragon Boat Festival 中秋节The Mid-Autumn Festival 重阳节The Double Ninth Festival 国庆节National Day情人节Valentine’s Day 愚人节April Fools’ Day复活节Easter五一国际劳动节May Day国际红十字节International Red Cross Day 国际护士节International Nurses’ Day 母亲节Mother’s day父亲节Father’s Day美国独立日Independence Day联合国日United Nations Day感恩节Thanksgiving Day圣诞节Christmas3气候和环境中雨moderate rain阵雨shower雷阵雨thunder shower大雨heavy rain倾盆大雨downpour雷雨storm thunderstorm 冰雨sleet闪电lightening微风breeze阵风gusty大风strong wind台风typhoon旋风whirlwind飓风hurricane龙卷风tornado 霜冻frost冰雹hail薄雾mist烟雾smog温和的balmy闷热的sultry阴暗的overcast污水处理厂sewage treatment plant 潮湿的humid零下below zero废物再利用recycling土壤腐蚀soil erosion空气污染源air polluter水污染物water pollutants酸雨acid rain森林砍伐deforestation沙漠化desertification冷冰冰的chilly沼气marsh gas消烟器smoke-reduction device 无铅汽油unleaded gasoline 可替代能源alternative energy sources绿化造林afforestation工业粉尘-污染industrial dust pollution废物综合治理integrated waste management 太阳能solar energy白色污染white pollution4家务、设备、蔬菜和烹饪厨房帮手kitchen hand钟点hour-worker倒垃圾empty the dustbin家务活household chore擅长烹调good at cooking日常用品(必需品) daily necessities39页洗衣机washing machine洗碗机dishwasher吸尘器vacuum cleaner抽油烟机range hood抽水马桶water closet；flush toilet 微波炉microwave stove;microwave oven热水器water heater；geyser空调机air conditioner电饭锅electric cooker; rice cooker 电冰箱refrigerator煤气炉gas stove煤气灶gas range；gas cooker乱七八糟in a mess整齐干净tidy and clean整洁的厨房 a neat kitchen豌豆pea芹菜celery茄子eggplant花椰菜cauliflower竹笋bamboo shoots豆腐bean curd番茄tomato卷心菜cabbage萝卜turnip大蒜garlic胡萝卜carrot生姜ginger莴苣lettuce青菜greens土豆potato豆角kidney bean胡椒pepper酱油soy sauce醋vinegar食用油cooking oil 味精MSG蒸steam烤(焙) bake煎(炸) fry烘烤roast炖stew皮蛋preserved egg炒面fried noodles馒头steamed bun；steamed bread 饺子dumpling花卷steamed roll薄煎饼hotcake三明治sandwich烤馅饼(比萨饼) pizza色拉salad火腿ham热狗hotdog排骨sparerib烤鸭roast duck香肠sausage咸肉bacon炒蛋scrambled egg荷包蛋poached egg海鲜seafood龙虾lobster贻贝mussel虾shrimp蟹crab鳗鱼eel可口可乐coke；coco-cola饮料beverage可口的tasty美味的delicious清淡一点 a little lighter太油腻too heavy5职业和单位职业career兼职part-time job失业lay-off厂内待业in factory-wait-work 计算机系统分析员computer systemsanalyst电工electrician机械师(技工，机修工) mechanic公务员civil service会计accountant银行职员bank clerk女售货员sales girl;sales woman 职员，文员office clerk男售货员salesman工程师engineer40页。