初中英语相似（易混）短语辨析（一）1.a bit ;a little【辨析】两者均可作程度状语，修饰形容词或副词，常可换用。
如：He came here a little (a bit)early.他来的有点早。
a little可用作形容词，直接修饰不可数名词，a bit则不能，但可与of构成短语，其功能与a little相似。
如:Give me a bit of (=a little)milk ,please.请给我一点牛奶。
注意：not a little(much)“很多”，“不少”；not a bit (=not at all)意为“一点也不”，“一点儿也没有”。
『练习』用a little a bit填空①He is_______ taller than Tom.②There is ______water in the glass.Keys:①a bit②a bit/a little③a little/a bit of2.a few ;a little【辨析】这两者均可表示“一点（儿），一些”。
但a few 修饰可数名词，而a little 修饰不可数名词。
『练习』用a few a little填空①He knows______English.②I am going to buy ______apples.Keys; ①a little ②a few3.afraid of afraid to;afraid for(about)【辨析】afraid of---意为“害怕；忧虑；担忧”，后可接名词、动名词或从句，它着重强调对可能产生的后果担忧或忧虑。
如：She was afraid of walking her husband up.她担心会吵醒她的丈夫。
afraid to ----意为“害怕，不敢”，后接原形动词，它着重指不敢或害怕去做某事。
如：I am afraid to see him,我不敢见他。
afraid for (about)意为“替某人（事）担心”，其后接人或事。
如：He is afraid for(about) his own safety.他为自己的安全担心。
『练习』用afraid of afraid to;afraid for(about) 填空①He is_____his mother’s health②She was_____what he might say .③She was _____wake her mother.Keys:①afraid for(about)②afraid of;③afraid to;4.agree with ;agree to; agree on ,agree about【辨析】agree with后接某人，意为“同意某人（的意见）”。
如：I can’t agree with you. agree to后接“建议、计划”意为“同意某一建议、安排”等。
后接原形动词意为“同意做某事”。
如：He agreed to this plan immdiately.他立即同意了这个计划。
I do agree to help you with the work.我确实愿意帮你做这项工作。
Agree on 意为“就-----取得一致意见”。
如：We agree on the question。
对这一问题，我们意见一致。
agree about“对----有相同的看法”。
如：We agree about some books and disagree about others.对有些书我们看法一致；对另一些看法不一致。
『练习』用agree with ;agree to; agree on ,agree about填空①They have’t______the price.②Do you _____this arrangement?③I quite ______his teacher.④We ______some viewpoints.Keys: ①agree on,②agree to,③agree with;④agree about.5.a number of ;the number of【辨析】这两个短语虽只有一冠词之差，但词义则大不一样；a number of意为“许多”，后接可数名词的复数形式，用作主语时，其谓语动词一般用复数形式，number 前往往有形容词small或large加以修饰，起强调作用。
如：A large number of books are lent at the library every day.图书馆每天借出许许多多的书。
the number of意为“----的总数；数量”，后接可数名词复数，做主语时，谓语动词采用单数形式。
如：T he number of my books is five hundred and forty .我的书总数是540本。
『练习』用a number of ;the number of 填空①Quite_______students in our school are from the south .②______students is very large.Keys: ①a number of; ②The number of初中英语相似（易混）短语辨析（二）6.a lot of ;plenty of; a number of【辨析】a lot of意为“大量、许多”，后接可数名词或不可数名词，动词分别为复数或单数，它主要用于肯定句中，疑问句和否定句中改用为many,much.如：A lot of students are going there.plenty of意为“大量、许多、足够”。
后接可数名词或不可数名词，动词分别为复数或单数，它主要也用于肯定句中，疑问句和否定句中改用为enough,many如:There is plenty of rain here. a number of意为“一些，许多”，后接复数可数名词，动词用复数。
如：A number of guests have come.『练习』用a lot of ;plenty of; a number of 填空①Are ______people studying in the room?②He borrowed________books from the library this morning.Keys: ①a number of; ②a lot of/plenty of7.at night ;in the night【辨析】at night 意为“天黑时；晚上；在夜里”包括的时间从下午6点到深夜16点之间，可指在黄昏、在夜晚、在上半夜等。
He came back at night .他晚上才回来。
in the night意为“在夜间，在夜里”，包括的时间比at night更长，从日落到日出之间的时间都可以说是in the night可指在夜间（里），在上半夜，在下半夜等，不过用得不广，通常用during the night如：I woke up twice in the night. 我夜间醒来两次。
『练习』用at night ;in the night 填空①There was a rain _______.I do my homework from 7to 9 o’clock_____Keys: ①in the night ②at night8.at table ;at the table【辨析】at table意为“在进餐（时），table前面不加冠词，这是一个固定搭配。
（注意不要把wait at table 和at table弄混，wait at table是固定短语，意为“当招待。
伺候进餐”）at table长与be连用做表语，与其它动词搭配使用做状语。
例如：He was at table when we called.我们去拜访他时，他正在进餐。
at the table意为“在桌子旁”，用搭配词组，table前可有定冠词，不定冠词或其它形容词修饰。
如：They were at the table playing cards.他们在桌边玩牌『练习』用at table ;at the table 填空①He read the newspaper_____.②He seldom talks_______.Keys: ①at the table ②at table9. before long；long beforebefore long意为“很快，不久，”是指以说话当时或所述事件当时为准的“不久的未来”，而long before意为“很久以前”，后面跟从句或名词时，指该名词或从句所表示的“很久以前”；后面不跟从句或名词时，指主句谓语动词所表示的“很久以前”如：I’ll see film before long 我不久就去看这部电影。
He said he had seen the film long before.他说很久以前看过这部电影『练习』用before long；long before填空①He received my letter_____-.②I had heard about him _______I saw him.Keys: ①before long②long before10.by oneself; for oneself ;to oneself【辨析】by oneself意为“独自的，无助的，”强调某人独自作某事，而不需别人帮助，还可说all by oneself以加强语气; for oneself意为“为自己（的利益而做某事）”还可作;to oneself意为“暗自，在心中”；常talk,say think等词连用。
注意：say to oneself 意为“在心里想”，而talk/speak to oneself 长译为“自言自语”两者不可混淆。
例如：You must do your work by yourself?你必须独立做你的工作？Do you have anything to say for yourself?你还有什么要为自己说的吗？What are you talking to say for yourself?你自言自语谢什么？『练习』用by oneself; for oneself ;to oneself填空①This box is too heavy for me to lift ____-②He said _______that there was something wrong .He has built a house_____.Keys: ①by myself②to himself③for himself11.as many ;as many as【辨析】as many意为“一样多的；同样的目的”，如：He read books in as many days.他四天里读了四本书。