英语四级阅读理解精选训练及答案英语四级阅读理解精选训练一：When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claims, the first step is to present the warranty, or any otherrecords which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complaindirectly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to besettled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the itemin question. If this cannot be done,the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and thesound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”. The store manager may advice the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should dothis, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to takethe seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer's rights.1. When a consumer finds that his or her in it, the first thing he or she should do is to ____.A complain personally to the managerB threaten to take the matter to courtC write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchaseD show some written proof of the purchase to the store2. How can a consumer make his or her complaint more effective, according to the passage?A Explain exactly what is wrong with the item.B Threaten to take the seller to court.C Make polite and general statements about the problem.D Avoid having direct contact with the store manager.3. According to the passage, which of the following is suggested as the last alternative that consumers may turn to?A Complain to the store manager in person.B Complain to the manufacturer.C Write a complaint letter to the manager.D Turn to the Consumers’ Rights Protection Organization for help.4. The phrase “live up to” in this context means ____.A meet the standard ofB realize the purpose ofC fulfill the demands ofD keep the promise of5.The passage tells us ____.A how to settle a consumer’s complaint about a faulty itemB how to make an effective complaint about a faulty itemC how to avoid buying a faulty itemD how to deal with complaints from customers答案与解析：1. D当顾客发现自己所购买的商品有问题时，他所做的第一件事就是出示在商场购物的凭具。
事实辨析题。
文章第一段指明，顾客购买了有瑕疵的商品后，首先应出示在某商场购买某商品的相关记录或证明。
故选项D正确。
2. A为了使投诉更加有效，应当指出商品的问题所在。
事实辨析题。
根据第四段第一句话，最有效的投诉方式是指出所购商品的具体问题，故选项A正确。
3. D文章表明：消费者最后的处理方向就是向消费者权益保护组织求助。
事实辨析题。
文章最后一段指出，顾客购买了有瑕疵的商品后，可以向销售者或生产者投诉，如得不到满意答复，可以进一步向消费者权益保护组织反映。
故选项D正确。
4. A达到标准。
词汇题。
文中“does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims”中的live up to意为“没有达到……的标准”。
故选项A正确。
5. B文章告诉我们怎样对有瑕疵的商品进行有效投诉。
主旨题。
本文主要说明顾客在购买了有瑕疵的商品后如何进行最有效的投诉，故选项B正确。
英语四级阅读理解精选训练二：Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warmpraise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and, argue thatrewards can improve performance at work and school. Some other researchers who study various aspects of mental life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity byencouraging dependence onapproval and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators.But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks in grade-school children suggesting that properly presentedinducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology.“If they know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Esenberg er of the University of Delaware in Newark. “Butit's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Esenberger holds. As an example of the latterpoint, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore falling grades.In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raisingeffort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.1. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ____.A the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewardsB the appropriate amount of external rewardsC the study of relationship between actions andD the effects of external rewards on students' performance2. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for students?A They approve of external rewards.B They don't think external rewards.C They have doubts about external rewards.D They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not college students.3. According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage, what should educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity?A Give rewards for performances which deserve them.B Always promise rewards.C Assign tasks which are not very challenging.D Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made.4. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ____.A rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students’B punishment is more effective than rewardingC failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standardsD discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is matter of urgency5.Which of the following facts about “token economics” is not correct?A Students are assigned challenging tasks.B Rewards are given for good performances.C Students are evaluated according to the effort they put into the task.D With token economics, students’ creativity can be enhanced.答案与解析：1. D心理学家认为外界的奖励对学生会有不同的影响。