小学英语重难点知识大汇总，一、语法易错1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物.单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is , 复数用there are.5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)二:形容词比较级当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级.比较级的句子结构通常是:什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:I'm taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重.) An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大.)形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:①一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,②以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,③以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier④双写最后的字母再加er,如big –bigger, thin –thinner ,hot – hotter☆注意☆比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西.典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长.) 比较的两者是我的头发,你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性.应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.三:动词过去式动词的过去式的构成规则有:A,规则动词①一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study –studied carry –carried worry –worried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类) ④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stoppedB,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat – ate , see –saw , have – had , do – did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is- was ,are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt 四:动词现在分词详解①一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating②以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting五、人称代词主格及宾格人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格和宾格区别：主格和宾格汉语意思相同，但位置不同。

Eg:I(主格)"我"-- me (宾格)"我"主格在陈述句中通常放句首，宾格通常放在动词后或介词后，也就是说宾格，不放在句首。

Eg :I have a new car.( I 主格)Excuse me (me 宾格)I ask him to go (him 宾格)They sit in front of me (me 宾格)主格(8个)：I 我you你 he他 she她 it它 we 我们you 你们they他(她、它)们宾格(8个)：me我 you你 him 他her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他(她、它)们六:句型专项归类1.肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I'm a student.She is a doctor.He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom.2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I'm not a student.He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital.There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom.☆注意☆小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 "not".有动词be的句子则"not"加在be后面,可缩写成"isn't,aren't",但am not 一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上"not",你也可以把它们缩写在一起如"don't , doesn't , didn't ).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用"yes",或"no"来回答.如:Are you a student ？Yes, I am No, I'm not.Is she a doctor？ Yes, she is. No, she isn't.Does he work in a hospital ？Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.☆注意☆小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可. 这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而"did"只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用"did" .一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的.4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用"yes ,no"来回答.如:What is this？Where are you going？Who played football with you yesterday afternoon？When do you usually get up？Why do you like spring best ？How are you？☆注意☆小结:其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many(多少(数量)), how much(多少(钱)), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)例句:How many pencils do you have ？How many girls can you see ？how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种搭配, How many + 名词复数 + do you have 你有多少……How many + 名词复数 + can you see 你能看见多少……How many + 名词复数 + are there…有多少……七:完全,缩略形式1、简缩形式的变法：把倒数第二个字母，通常是元音字母变成' 但are除外，are要把a打成' 。

Eg:he is=he's theyare=they're2、简缩形式和完全形式的汉语意思相同。

3、把完全形式变成简缩形式时，一定要注意第一个字母的大小变化。

Eg:What is =What's4、记住一个特殊变化;let's =let us 让我们(不要把' 变成i)5、记住：this is 没有简缩形式this's(错误)6.常见的缩略形式：I'm=I am he's=he is she's=she isthey're=they are you're=you arethere's=there is they're=they arecan't=can not don't=do notdoesn't=does not isn't=is not aren't=are not let's=let uswon't=will not I'll=I will wasn't=was not阅读理解1、My name is Jim. My favorite day is October l8th, becauseit's my birthday. I am very happy on that day. I eat eggsfor breakfast. Then my friends come to my home and playwith me. We sing and dance. Someone plays the piano andsomeone plays the guitar. Lunch is very nice. After lunch, my parents take me to see a movie. My favorite movies are comedies and action movies. After supper, my parents, my sister and I watch TV. Then I go to bed at ten thirty. I don't do my homework on that day. I am very tired but happy on my birthday.( ) 1. Jim's birthday is .A. October 8B. October 18C. December 8thD. December 18th( ) 2. Jim's favorite movies are .A. comediesB. action moviesC. thrillersD. A and B( ) 3. Jim goes to bed at .A. 10:30B. 10:13C. 10:00D. 3:10( ) 4. Does Jim do his homework on his birthday?A. Yes, he does.B. No, he doesn't.C. No, he isn't.D. I don't know.( ) 5. How is Jim on his birthday?A. Tired.B. Happy but not tired.C. Tired but happy.D. Happy.2、My name is Lily. This is my house. There are five rooms in my house. This is my father and mother’s room. There are three pictures on the wall. There is a desk near the window. There are two chairs behind the desk. On the left of the room, there is a toi let. On the right, it’s my room. There are four pictures and a poster on the wall.( )1. This is Lily’s house.( )2. There are four rooms in the house.( )3. There are three pictures in Lily’s room.( )4. There are two chairs and a desk in father and mother’s room.( )5. The toilet is on the left of my father and mother’s room.3、Betty and KittyBetty and Kitty are twins. They’re 12 years old. They look the same. But they have different hobbies. Betty likes collecting stamps. She has many beautiful stamps. They’re from different cities and countries. But Kitty likes growing flowers. The flowers are all very beautiful.Betty and Kitty both like reading books. Betty likes reading storybooks. But Kitty likes reading science books.On Sunday, they usually ride bikes to the park. They can play with their friends there. Sometimes their parents go there, too.根据短文内容,判断下列句子的正误,正确的写“T”,错误的写“F”.( ) 1. Betty is Kitty’s sister.( ) 2. Betty likes growing flowers.( ) 3. Kitty likes reading storybooks.( ) 4. They’re twelve years old.( ) 5. They usually take a bus to the park on Saturday.4、 Lovely pandasPandas’ faces look like cats’, but their fat bodies and short tails are like bears’. Pandas are very lovely and they are friendly to people. People likes them very much.Most Pandas live in China. The northwestern part of Sichuan Province(省) and southern part of Gansu Province are their hometowns. Pandas like to climb trees. They usually live in the forests of high mountains, eat bamboo and drink spring water.根据短文的意思,选出正确的答案.( )1. The panda mainly lives in .A. AmericaB. ShanghaiC. LondonD. China( )2. is like a cat’s.A. The pandaB. The panda’s faceC. The panda’s bodyD. The panda’s tail( )3. Where are the pandas’ hometowns?A. Guangdong and Gansu.B. Sichuan and Suzhou.C. Gansu and SichuanD. Hubei and Sichuan( )4. Wha t’s the panda’s main food?A. Rice.B. Meat.C. Bamboo.D. Grass.5、 My name is Tom. My birthday is June 2nd. The weather is sunny and hot. It’s my favourite season. On my birthday, I usually have a birthday party.Sometimes we have a picnic. Tomorrow is my birthday. I am cleaning the room now. My mom is making a birthday cake for me.( )1.Tom’s birthday is on Children’s Day.( )2.It’s warm and sunny in summer.( )3. Today is June 1st.( )4. Tom’s mother can make a birthday cake.( )ually there is a birthday party on Tom’s birthday.6、“Early to bed, early to rise(起身)makes people healthy, wealthy and wise(健康,富有,聪明).” This is an old English saying. Children should have ten hours’ sleep every night, or they can’t do their work very well. They will not be wise. The body needs exercise. Walking, running, swimming and playing ball games are all exercise. Exercise keeps the body strong.( ) 1. “Early to rise” means that we must early.A. go to schoolB. get upC. go home( ) 2. Children should have hours’ sleep every night.A. 8B. 9C. 10( ) 3. Everybody exercise.A. needB. needsC. wants( ) 4. is good exercise, too.A. JogB. JoggingC. Jogged( ) 5. Exercise makes us .A. fatB. strongerC. thinner7、A train stops at a station（车站）. A young man wants to come out, but it is raining. A boy is standing under a big umbrella. The young man says to the boy. "Can you go and get us two hambugers, one for you and one for me? Here are two dollars." "Great!" say the boy and he goesto buy hamburgers. After some time, the boy is back. He is eating a hamburger. "Where is my hamburger?" asks the young man. "Oh, there is only one hamburger left. So I'm eating mine. Here is your dollar. "1．Where is the young man ?A At a stationB Under a big umbrellaC On the train2. What does the young man want to buy ?A UmbrellaB HamburgersC Dollars3. Who helps the young man ?A A boyB A manC .Nobody4. Does the young man get a hambuger ?A No ,he doesn'tB Yes ,he doesC .No ,he does5. Is the boy clever（聪明的） ?A Yes ,he isn'tB Yes ,he isC .No ,I'm not8、There are three people in my family,My father is a worker ,he often plays basketball with me,He hopes me to be "YAO MING".My mom is a teacher,she often does housework ,I often help her.I am very happy with my mom and my father.So,that's my happy family1．What does my father do ?A . A teacherB A workerC . A Student2. What does my father like playing ?A basketballB houseworkC piano3. Who does my father hope me to be ?A HeB Yao MingC Liu Xiang4. Is my mother a teacher ?A Yes ,I amB Yes ,she isC Yes ,he is5. Who helps my mother do housework ?A My fatherB Yao MingC .I。