2014年首都师范大学241二外英语考研真题及详解
Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure (30%, 1 point for each)
Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet.
1. Please don’t be _____ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.
A. disregarded
B. distorted
C. irritated
D. intervened
【答案】C
【解析】句意：请不要因为他的无礼而生气，他只是想吸引别人的注意。
irritate生气；恼怒。
be irritated by被……惹恼；固定表达。
disregard忽视；不理。
distort扭曲。
intervene 干涉；调停。
2. Joe assured his boss that he would _____ all his energies in doing his job.
A. call at
B. call on
C. call forth
D. call off
【答案】C
【解析】句意：乔向他的老板保证，他将竭尽所能地完成他的工作。
call forth all energies 表示“调动所有精力；竭尽所能”。
call at打电话给。
call on号召；呼吁。
call off放弃。
3. The new item about the earthquake in Whittier City was followed by a detailed record made on the _____.
A. spot
B. site
C. location
D. ground
【答案】A
【解析】句意：惠蒂尔市地震的新项目伴随着的是现场的详细记录。
on the spot当场；在现场；固定搭配。
4. Charles Darwin established his theory of evolution on the base of the remarkable _____ of life on the Galapagos Islands.
A. classification
B. density
C. diversion
D. variety
【答案】D
【解析】句意：查尔斯达尔文在加拉帕戈斯群岛上的生物多样性的基础上建立了他的进化论。
variety多样；种类多样化。
classification分类；类别，等级。
density密度。
diversion 转移；分散。
5. Shortage of capital was a main factor holding _____ economic development in this area.
A. on
B. back
C. down
D. out
【答案】B
【解析】句意：资金短缺是阻碍这一地区经济发展的主要因素。
hold back抑制；阻止。
hold on等一下；继续。
hold down压低；缩减。
hold out坚持；伸出。
6. The pollution problem as well as some other issues will be discussed when the Congress is in _____ again next spring.
A. assembly
B. session
C. conference
D. convention
【答案】B
【解析】句意：当明年春天议会再度开会时，污染问题和几个其他的问题将被讨论。
in
session开会；在会议中；固定搭配。
assembly装配；集会，集合。
conference会议；讨论；通常不与介词in搭配使用。
convention惯例；约定。
7. In order to survive in the intense market competition, we must _____ the qualities and varieties of our products to the market demand.
A. improve
B. enhance
C. guarantee
D. gear
【答案】D
【解析】句意：为了在激烈的市场竞争中生存下来，我们必须使产品的质量和品种适应市场需求。
gear sth. to使……适合于；为固定搭配。
improve提高；enhance加强；guarantee 保证；三项都不与介词to搭配使用。
8. The doctor gave me a chest X-ray and _____ some medicine for me.
A. prescribed
B. floated
C. drugged
D. drifted
【答案】A
【解析】句意：医生给我做了X光胸透，还给我开了一些药。
prescribe开处方。
float浮动；飘动。
drug使服麻醉药；使服毒品。
drift漂流，漂移。
9. Our _____ talks promise a good future for our cooperation.
A. interior
B. insurance
C. initial
D. invisible
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们的初步会谈为我们的合作提供了一个良好的未来。
initial初步的；初级的。
interior内部的；国内的。
insurance保险；保险费。
invisible无形的，看不见的。
10. The theory of _____ was developed by Darwin and is now understood by nearly
everybody in the world.
A. determination
B. distribution
C. evolution
D. discipline
【答案】C
【解析】句意：进化论是由达尔文提出的，现在世界上几乎所有人都能理解。
the theory of evolution进化论，为固定表达。
determination决心；果断。
distribution分布；分配。
discipline学科；纪律。
11. I don’t doubt _____ he will sooner or later succeed.
A. if
B. whether
C. that
D. when
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我不怀疑他迟早会成功。
that引导宾语从句做don’t doubt的宾语，表示肯定意义。
12. The editorial _____ now will appear in tomorrow’s newspaper.
A. writing
B. to write
C. being written
D. written
【答案】C
【解析】句意：正在写的社论将会出现在明天的报纸上。
根据时间状语now可知空格处应表示现在进行时。
editorial与动词write之间存在动宾关系，所以要用被动形式。
综合可知答案选C。
13. People throughout the world are eating _____ meat per person as they did in 1945.
A. twice as much
B. more than twice。