当前位置:文档之家› 初中英语数词讲解及练习(含答案)

初中英语数词讲解及练习(含答案)

▲掌握分数、时间、日期的表达法。

【复习要点(一)基数词基数词用来表示数目,或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。

最基本的基说明: 1.13—19是由个位数加后缀-teen 构成。

注意其中13、15的拼写是thirteen 和fifteen 。

2.20—90由个位数加后缀-ty 构成,注意其中20—50的拼写分别是twenty, thirty, forty 和fifty;80的拼写是eighty 。

3.其它非整十的两位数21—99是由整十位数加连字符“-”,再加个位数构成。

如: 81 eighty-one 。

4.101—999的基数词先写百位数,后加and 再写十位数和个位数。

如: 691 six hundred and ninety-one 。

5.1000以上的基数词先写千位数,后写百位数,再加and ,最后写十位数和个位数。

如:5893 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three 。

在基数词中只有表示“百”、“千”的单位词,没有单独表示“万”、“亿”的单位词,而是用thousand (千)和million (百万)来表达,其换算关系为:1万=10 thousand;1亿=100 million; 10亿=a thousand million=a billion 。

6.多位数的读法:1)1000以上的多位数,要使用计数间隔或逗号“,”。

即从个位起,每隔三位加一个间隔或逗号。

第一个间隔或逗号前是thousand (千),第二个间隔或逗号前是million (百万),第三个间隔或逗号前是a thousand million 或a billion(十亿)。

2)每隔三位分段以后就都成了101—999。

读的时候十位数(或个位数)的前面一般要加and 。

如:888,000,000读作:eight hundred and eighty-eight million 。

基数词的用法:1. 基数词在句中的作用基数词的作用相当于名词和形容词,在句中可作定语、主语、宾语(介宾)、表语、同位语等。

例如:Three and five is eight. 3+5=8 (作表语)How many oranges do you want?你要多少桔子?I want eight. 我要八个。

(作宾语)There are eight boats in the lake. 湖里有八条小船。

(作定语)2. Hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score 这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词,它们不能加 “s”,反之则须加 “s”, 并要与of 短语连用。

例如:three hundred people, five thousand years ;thousands of people, hundreds of students, thousands of trees(二)序数词表示顺序的词,叫序数词。

序数词用来表示数词顺序。

除特殊情况外,序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th 构成。

请见下表:说明:1.英语中表示第一、第二、第三的序数词属特殊形式,要注意它们的拼写。

2.表示“几十”的序数词通常是将基数词词尾y变成i再加上后缀-eth。

3.其余的二位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。

如:fifty-first(第五十一)。

4.少数序数词拼法不规则,如:fifth(第五),eighth(第八),ninth (第九),twelfth(第十二)等。

注意:1.序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。

例如:第一:(the) first=1st 第二:(the) second=2nd第三:(the) third=3rd 第五:(the) fifth=5th第九十七:(the) ninety-seventh=97th第一百零一:(the) one hundred (and)first=101st2.编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序,但是基数词要后置。

例如:第一课:Lesson One 第三十二页:Page 32第12路公共汽车:Bus No.12the,此外,也作等,这时,被它所修饰的名词往往被省略。

如:(作主语)第一个比第二个大。

作宾语)把第一个给我。

(作表语)她经常第一个去上学。

to learn the eighth lesson. (作定语)我们将要学习第八先写基数词表示分子,后写序数词表示分母,如果分子大于1时,分母用复数。

如:one-fourth, two-fifths, three-tenths(四)小数表达法小数点前的整数按基数词的规则表示,小数点写作point, 小数后的数字应按其数字直接表示出来。

如:18.38可写成:eighteen point three eight。

注意:小数在句中常作定语,尤其在比较方式状语从句中被使用。

如:This stone is 3.5 times heavier than that one.(五)百分数表达法(根据学生情况选择使用)在数词后加percent。

例如:15%读作:fifteen percent;60%读作:sixty percent(六)表示倍数(根据学生情况选择使用)1)…几倍大小(长短,数量)=…几倍(或分数)+the size(length, amount)。

例如:The earth is forty-nine times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。

2)…比…几倍=…倍数(或分数)+形容词(副词)比较级+than+被比部分。

例如:His house is three times bigger than mine. 他的房子比我的房子大三倍。

3)…是…倍=…倍数(或分数)+as +形容词+as +被比部分。

例如:This factory is four times as big as that one. 这个工厂是那个工厂的四倍。

(七)表示约数(根据学生情况选择使用)1)“多于”用more than或over。

例如:The street is over(more than) 500 metres long. 这条街有500多米长。

2)“小于”用less than。

例如:Three are less than 30 people in the classroom. 教室里不到三十人。

3)“或…以上”用or more。

例如:The building can hold 5000 people or more.那座建筑物可容纳5000人或5000人以上。

4)“或…以下”用or less。

例如:We can finish the work in two weeks or less.我们可以在两周内或不到两周完成这件工作。

5)“大约”用about, around, nearly等。

例如:The box weighs about 50 pounds. 这箱子重约50镑。

6)“左右”用or so.如:In the past ten years or so, they have changed a lot. 在过去的十年里,他们改变了许多。

(八)年、月、日和时间的表达法1.年份用基数词表达,分两位一读,年份前用介词in。

例如:1999 nineteen ninety-nine 2000 two thousand 2001 two thousand and one2.月份的第一个字母要大写,有些月份名称有缩写形式。

例如:一月January(Jan.), 二月February(Feb.), 三月March(Mar.), 四月(Apr.),五月May, 六月June, 七月July, 八月August(Aug.),九月September(Sep.), 十月October(Oct.), 十一月November(Nov.), 十二月December(Dec.)。

3.日期的表达要用序数词,读时前面要加定冠词the,介词要使用on。

例如:在6月1日:on June 1st 读作:on June the first.年、月、日同时表达时,一般应先写月、日、后写年。

如:在20XX年5月4日:on May 4 th, 2001。

4.年代用基数词的复数表示。

例如:20世纪90年代:nineteen nineties;21世纪20年代:twenty twenties5.时间表达法:时间可用顺读法或倒读法两种方式表达。

例如:5:00 five (o’clock) 6:18 six eighteen或eighteen past six 12:15 twelve fifteen 或fifteen (a quarter) past twelve4:30 four thirty或half past four 6:45 six forty-five a quarter to seven注意:1)表示整点时间,直接用基数词表达,后边可接o’clock (也可不加)。

表达“几点几分”时,绝不能用o’clock。

2)表达“15分”或“45分”时,常用quarter(刻)。

3)在倒读法中,如果钟点不过半,须用“分钟数+past+钟点数”的形式;如果钟点过半,则用“差多少分钟数+to+全钟点(下个钟点数)”的形式。

两组与数词有关的介词短语:⑴in+定冠词the+数词的复数形式,表示年代。

如:in the 1870s或1870’s⑵in+物主代词+数词的复数形式,表示某人的年龄。

如:in one’s thirties。

有时在物主代词后面可加上形容词early或late使其含义更确切些。

如:The young man is at most in his early thirties.注意:带有数词的名词作定语的表达:a seven-year-old boy,ahundred-metre race数词专项练习(一)( ) 1. Lincoln was born on ________.A. February 12, 1809B. 1809, February 12C. 1809, 12 FebruaryD. February 1809,12( ) 2. A _______ boy can sing the English song very well.A. ten-year-oldB. ten years oldC. ten-year-oldD. fifth years old( ) 3. An hour later, _____ minister was sent to see the box by those twomen.A. twoB. the secondC. the twoD. second( ) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _______ President of the United StatesA. 16B. the 16C. 16thD. the 16th( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us ________ ?A. twoB. the twoC. secondD. the second( ) 6. ---How many students are there in your class? --- ________.A. Twenty nineB. Thirty and twoC. Forty-fiveD. fifties( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _______.A. NinetyB. NinteenC. NinthD. Nineteenth( ) 8. The People’s Liberation Army was founded _______.A. on August 1, 1927B. in 1927, 1 AugustC. on August 1st, 1927D. in August 1, 1927( ) 9. The number 4,123 is read _______.A.four thousand one hundred and twenty-threeB.four thousand and one hundred twenty-threeC.four thousand and a hundred and twenty-threeD. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( ) 10. The old professor still works hard though he is _________.A. in his sixtyB. in his sixtiesC. in sixtiesD. in the sixty数词专项练习(二)( )76. Tuesday is the _______ day of a week in English.A. firstB. fifthC. thirdD. fourth( )77. There are _______ seasons in a year in our country.A. twoB. fourC. secondD. fourth( )78. The game of _______ Olympics will be held in Beijing in 2008.A. 29B. the 29thC. the 29D. 29th( )79. Most of the stars are much more bigger than the sun. But they are ____ light years away from us.A. thousandB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of ( )80. _______ of the surface(表面) of the earth is covered with water.A. First thirdB. Two thirdsC. One threeD. Two three ( )81. There are _______ people in my family. We live on the _______ floor in a tall building.A. five, sixB. fifth, sixthC. fifth, sixD. five, sixth ( )82. Boys and girls, we are going to learn _______ today.A. Four LessonB. the fourth lessonC. the Lesson FourD. the Four Lesson( )83. My lovely daughter is _____.A. eight years oldB. eight-year-oldC. eight year oldD. eight-years-old ( )84. The flood happened _______.A. in the summer of 1998B. in the summer of 1998sC. in 1998 of the summerD. in 1998s of the summer( )85. February 28 should be read as _______.A. February of the 28thB. February of 28C. 28 of FebruaryD. the 28th of February( )86. --- How soon will you finish your work? --- In about _______.A. one and a half monthB. one month and a halfC. one and half a monthD. a month and half( )87. We will have a _______ holiday. What about going to Suzhou?A. five daysB. five dayC. five-dayD. five-days ( )88. We are sure the _______ century will bring us more hopes.A. twentieth-firstB. twentieth-oneC. twenty-oneD. twenty-first( )89. --- What is 1/2 and 1/3? --- It’s _______.A. 2/5B. 1/5C. 5/6D. 4/6( )90. At the age of _______, he had his own lab.A. thirtyB. thirtiethC. the thirtiethD. the thirty( )91. Five times five is _______.A. fiveB. zeroC. tenD. twenty-five( )92. ____are in the army. A. Two their sons B. Their two sonsC. Their sons twoD. Two sons their( )93. My sister is a student of _______.A. the First ClassB. Class OneC. One ClassD. Class First( )94. The boy can count from one to _______.A. hundredB. a hundredC. one hundredsD. hundreds( )95. Their house is about ___ as big as ours.A. times threeB. three timeC. time threeD. three times( )96. --- Would you like some fruit, madam?--- Oh, yes. _______, please.A. 5 kilo bananasB. 5 kilos of bananasC. 5 kilo of bananasD. 5 kilos of banana( )97. This building is for a _______.A. family of threeB. three peopleC. three peoples familyD. three people’s family( )98. Ten and five is _______.A. fiveB. fiftyC. fifteenD. two( )99. There are _______ in a day.A. 24 hoursB. 12 hoursC. four hoursD. 365 hours( )100. Look at the table. Tom wants to buy a hamburger, a large coke andA. Three dollars and sixty cents.B. Five dollars and thirty-five cents.C. Five dollars and sixty cents.D. Two dollars.初中英语专项练习------数词部分参考答案数词专项练习(一)1. A2. C3. B4. D5. A6. C7. B8. A9. A 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. D 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28.C 29.D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. D 39. D 40. B41. A 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. B 49. B 50. A数词专项练习(二)76-80 CBBDB 81-85 DBAAD 86-90 BCDCA91-95 DBBBD 96-100 BACAC。

相关主题