高考英语作文写作一、英文作文写作四步骤Step1:确定文体常用文体有记叙文、说明文,还有应用文如书信等。
近几年的高考书面表达多以应用文为主,提供的形式多以图画、提纲、表格出现,书写的格式大都是书信、通知。
所以,考生还应该掌握信的称呼、开头、正文、结尾、签名等方面,另外,口头通知和书面通知的不同要清楚。
总之,考生应根据写作提示分析材料,确定文体,闯过第一关。
Step2:确定时态和人称要根据选好的文体和写作内容确定时态。
一般来说,记人叙事多用一般过去时;发布通知多用一般将来时和祈使句式;发表议论大多用带有情态动词的一般现在时;人物介绍、现状说明常用一般现在时和现在完成时。
定准时态后接下来一定要知道各时态的构成及用法要点,但要记住,写作时时态并不惟一,要依据表达内容而选定。
Step3:确定所需主要词汇和所用表达结构在以上“两确定”的基础上,应该根据文章体裁和内容逐个地确定写作要点。
对于图画和图表可在草稿纸上用中文列出。
理清要点,然后选词造句,对列出的要点逐一翻译。
这时要注意力求语言准确得当。
平时写作要多进行发散思维,如是用very sorry还是terribly sorry;是surprised还是aston-ished。
同时考生应学会尽可能使用较高级的语法结构和词汇,如非谓语动词、复合句等。
最大限度地完美文章。
Step4:整理成篇行文连贯接下来要根据内容分清文章的层次,确定详略,将写好的单句要重新排列组合起来,使之前后连贯成一篇完整的文章。
同时选用恰当的关联词使文章过渡自然,行文流畅。
另外,根据内容编排,该分段时要分段,使表达清楚,一目了然。
行云流水,整齐划一,闯过写作第四关。
(二、连接词的分类和运用连接词是指在文章中用来说明上下句或前后两个意思之间关系的词或词组。
连接词通常用于开篇,引出扩展句;也可用于句中,尤其是用于较长的复合句中,以作为上下文的连接纽带;还可以置于文末或段末,用于总结上文或结束本段落的内容。
1、表示平行、对等或选择关系:and, both…and, as well as, as well, neither…nor, or either…or…,not only…but also…等?He loved swimming when he was a small boy and at eight he became a member of the diving team in Guangdong Province. (NMET 1991范文)?I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001范文)2.表示转折关系的连接词语有:but, yet, while, however, on the contrary, on the other hand, in spite of, nevertheless, although, otherwise 等?On the other hand, 40% think that fee should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers. (NMET 2002范文)?While they were working, my sister walked to a river nearby. (NMET 范文)3.表示因果关系的连接词:for, so, therefore, as a result, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, on account of等?He stopped us about half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender. So come on, stand here.(NMET 1997范文)?He didn’t work hard, as a result, he failed in the exam.4.表示时间顺序的连接词:at first, first, second…, then, next, later, meanwhile, in the end, finally, after that, since then, for the first time, at last, eventually, as soon as, the next moment,shortly after,for one thing, for another thing 等?After that I went to No.6 Middle School of Dalian and graduatedthis summer. .(NMET1996范文)1?The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road.(NMET2000范文)5.表示空间顺序的连接词:on the right, to the left, on on e side of,…, on the other side of…. At the foot\top\end\ of…, in the middle\center of…,等?On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now, stands another new building—our library.(NMET1999范文)?In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. (NMET99范文)6.表示解释说明的连接词:that is (to say), in other words, such as, for example\instance, namely, actually, to tell you the truth according to this ,and so on 等?I can follow my own interests such as reading books, visiting museums and taking computer lessons.(NMET2001范文)?In other words , I love my hometown and the people there.7.表递进关系的连接词:what’s more\worse\better, besides, in addition, worse still, to make things worse, moreover, furthermore, above all, not only… but also?become necessary to build What’s more , it will gates and walls (NMET2002范文)?In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. What’s more ,I can go to bed earlier.(NMET2001范文)?In addition to meeting the need of markets at home, its products are shipped to many countries.8.表示总结的连接词:in short, in brief, in a word, in general, as you know, as far as I know ,on the whole, to sum up等?In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce the learning load.(NMET2001范文)?In a word, great changes have taken place in our village.连接词在文章中起着重要作用,千万不可忽视!!!三:写作中怎样使用复杂结构和高级词汇一)、怎样运用复杂结构:1. 改变时态The bell is ringing now. (一般) There goes the bell. (高级)2. 改变语态People suggest that the conference be put off. (一般)It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高级)3. 使用不定式He is so kind that he can help me. (一般)He is so kind as to help me. (高级)4. 使用过去分词She walked out of the room and many students followed her. (一般) Followed by many students, she… . (高级)Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten . (一般) Once seen, it can … . (高级)5. 使用v-ing形式When he arrives please give me an e-mail. (一般) On his arriving/ arrival, please give…. (高级)If the weather permits, I’ll come tomorrow. (一般) Weather permi tting, I’ll come tomorrow. (高级)Now our school has three teachers. They teach 48 pupils. (一般)Now our School has three teachers, teaching 48 pupils. (高级)6. 使用名词性从句It disappointed everybody that he d idn’t turn up. (一般)The fact that he didn’t turn up disappointed everybody. (高级)I happened to have met him. (一般) It happened that I had met him. (高级)To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things. (一般) What surprised him is that the girl…. (高级)7. 使用状语从句I won’t believe what he says. (一般) No matter what he says, I won’t believe. (高级)If you come back before six o’clock, you can go out. (一般)You can go out on condition that you come back before…. (高级)The meal was very nice. We all enjoyed it very much. (一般) Themeal was so nice that w e all…. (高级) 8. 使用定语从句The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written. (一般)The girl whose composition was well written was spoken highly of.(高级)I studied Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry and computerat school. (一般)The su bjects I studied at school included Chinese, maths, English…. (高级)9. 使用虚拟语气The ship didn’t sink because there were the efforts of the captain. (一般)But for the efforts of the captain, the ship would have sunk. (高级)I wasn’t invited to the party, so I didn’t attend it. (一般)If I had been invited to the party, I would have attended it. (高级)10. 使用强调句、倒装句、感叹句Regular radio broadcasts began in 1920. (一般) It was not until1920 that regula r radio…. (高级Though I’m weak, I will make theeffort. (一般) Weak as I am, I’ll make the effort. (高级)We were glad to see the crops and vegetables growing very well. (一般)How glad we were to see the crops and...! (高级)11. 使用并列句If you go through the gate, you’ll find the entrance to Bear Country. (一般)Go through the gate, and you’ll find…. (高级)When he spoke, he felt more and more excited. (一般) The more he spoke, the more excited he felt. (高级) I got up late this morning. I didn’t catch the early b us. (一般)I got up late this morning, otherwise I could have caught the early bus. (高级)二)怎样运用高级词汇:?As a result, the plan was a failure. (一般) The plan turned out to be a failure. (高级)?She went to Austria in order to study music. (一般)She went to Austria for the purpose of studying music. (高级)?Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable. (一般)Thanks to the good weather, our journey…. (高级)?She doesn’t like sports.She cares nothing for sports?We had to go home. What we had to do was go home四、写作常见错误分析:1. 句子缺谓语1) The building like a match box.2) He told me that all my classmates sitting in the classroom.2.主谓不一致,尤其是单数第三人称作主语时,谓语的单复数形式出现错误。