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数学五年级上册简便计算练习(答案)

小学数学五年级上册简便计算练习(答案卷)一、归类练习:3.29+0.73+2.27 3.29-0.73-2.27 7.5+2.5-7.5+2.5=3.29+(0.73+2.27) =3.29-(0.73+2.27) =(7.5-7.5)+(2.5+2.5)=3.29+3 =3.29-3 =0+5=6.29 =0.29 =5(加法结合律)(减法的性质)(同级运算交换)7.325-3.29-3.325 7.325-(5.325+1.7) 7.325-(5.325-1.7)=7.325-3.325-3.29 =7.325-5.325-1.7 =7.325-5.325+1.7=4-3.29 =2-1.7 =2+1.7=0.71 =0.3 =3.7(减法交换)(减法的性质)(前面减号,脱括号变符号)3.29+0.73-2.29+2.27 3.29×0.25×4 0.125×8.8=(3.29-2.29)+(0.73+2.27) =3.29×(0.25×4)=0.125×8×1.1=1+3 =3.29×1 =1×1.1=4 =3.29 =1.1(同级运算交换)(乘法结合律)(先拆数,乘法结合律)0.25×0.28 0.125×3.2×2.5 35×10.2=0.25×4×0.07 =(0.125×8)×(0.4×2.5)=35×(10+0.2)=1×0.07 =1×1 =35×10+35×0.2=0.07 =1 =350+7(先拆数,乘法结合律)(拆数,乘法结合律) =357(拆数,乘法分配律)0.25×4÷0.25×4 3.5×9.9 3.5×99+3.5=(0.25÷0.25)×(4×4)=3.5×(10-0.1)=3.5×(99+1)=1×16 =3.5×10-3.5×0.1 =3.5×100=16 =35-0.35 =350(同级运算交换) =34.65 (乘法分配律)(拆数,乘法分配律)3.5×101-3.5 3.5×9.9+3.5×0.1 ★ 3.5×2.7+35×0.73=3.5×(101-1) =3.5×(9.9+0.1) =3.5×2.7+3.5×7.3=3.5×100 =3.5×10 =3.5×(2.7+7.3)=350 =35 =3.5×10(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律) =35(先利用积不变的规律转化,然后再用乘法分配律)3.5×2.7-3.5×0.7 ★ (32+5.6)÷0.8 ★ 3.5÷0.6-0.5÷0.6=3.5×(2.7-0.7) =32÷0.8+5.6÷0.8 =(3.5-0.5)÷0.6 =3.5×2 =40+7 =3÷0.6=7 =47 =5(乘法分配律)(后2题类似分配律,但只适用于(a+b)÷c和(a-b)÷c,而a÷(b+c)和a÷(b-c)不能用。

)4.9÷1.4 7÷0.25÷4 ★7÷0.125=4.9÷(7×0.2) =7÷(0.25×4)=7×8 =4.9÷7÷0.2 =7÷1 =56=0.7÷0.2 =7 (乘除法转化规律,转化时=3.5 符号相反,转化前后的2数(拆数,除法的性质)(除法的性质)相乘得1。

)7.35÷(7.35×0.25) ★ 7.35÷(7.35÷0.25)=7.35÷7.35÷0.25 =7.35÷7.35×0.25=1÷0.25 =1×0.25=4 =0.25(除法的性质)(前面是除号,脱括号符号相反)二、混合练习:3.07-0.38-1.62 1.29+3.7+2.71+6.3 8-2.45-1.55=3.07-(0.38+1.62)=(1.29+2.71)+(3.7+6.3) =8-(2.45+1.55)=3.07-2 =4+10 =8-4=1.07 =14 =4(减法的性质)(加法交换律和加法结合律)(减法的性质)3.25+1.79-0.59+1.75 23.4-0.8-13.4-7.2 0.32×403=(3.25+1.75)+(1.79-0.59) =(23.4-13.4)-0.8-7.2 =0.32×(400+3)=5+1.2 =10-(0.8+7.2) =0.32×400+0.32×3 =6.2 =10-8 =128+0.96(同级运算交换) =2 =128.96(减法交换和减法的性质)(拆数,乘法分配律)3.2+0.36+4.8+1.64 1.23+3.4-0.23+6.6 0.25×36=(3.2+4.8)+(0.36+1.64)=(1.23-0.23)+(3.4+6.6) =0.25×4×9 =8+2 =1+10 =1×9=10 =11 =9(加法交换律和加法结合律)(同级运算交换)(拆数,乘法结合律)12.7-(3.7+0.84) 36.54-1.76-4.54 0.25×0.73×4=12.7-3.7-0.84 =36.54-4.54 -1.76 =0.25×4×0.73=9-0.84 =32-1.76 =1×0.73=8.14 =30.24 =0.73(减法的性质)(减法交换)(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)7.6×0.8+0.2×7.6 0.85×199 0.25×8.5×4=7.6×(0.8+0.2) =0.85×(200-1) =0.25×4×8.5=7.6×1 =0.85×200-0.85×1 =1×8.5 =7.6 =170-0.85 =8.5(乘法分配律) =169.15 (乘法交换律和乘法分配律)(拆数,乘法分配律)1.28×8.6+0.72×8.6 12.5×0.96×0.8 10.4-9.6×0.35=(1.28+0.72)×8.6 =12.5×0.8×0.96 =10.4-3.36=2×8.6 =10×0.96 =7.04=17.2 =9.6 (无简算)(乘法分配律)(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)0.8×(4.3×1.25) 3.12+3.12×99 28.6×101-28.6=0.8×1.25×4.3 =3.12×(1+99)=28.6×(101-1)=1×1.25 =3.12×100 =28.6×100=1.25 =312 =2860(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律)(4.23+6.17)×0.8 0.86×15.7-0.86×14.7 2.4×102 =10.4×0.8 =0.86×(15.7-14.7)= 2.4×(100+2)=8.32 =0.86×1 =2.4×100+2.4×2(无简算) =0.86 =240+4.8(乘法分配律) =244.8(拆数,乘法分配律)14-7.32-2.68 2.64+8.67+7.36+11.33 2.31×1.2×0.5=14-(7.32+2.68)=(2.64+7.36)+(8.67+11.33) =2.31×(1.2×0.5)=14-10 =10+20 =2.31×0.6 =4 =30 =1.386(减法的性质) (加法交换律和加法结合律)(乘法结合律)(2.5-0.25)×0.4 9.16×1.5-0.5×9.16 3.6-3.6×0.5=2.5×0.4-0.25×0.4 =9.16×(1.5-0.5)=3.6×(1-0.5)=1-0.1 =9.16×1 =3.6×0.5 (可转化成3.6÷2)=0.9 =9.16 =1.8(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律)4.5÷1.8 930÷0.6÷5 63.4÷2.5÷0.4 ★ 4.25÷2.5×9.9+0.17=4.5÷(9×0.2)=930÷(0.6×5) =63.4÷(2.5×0.4)=1.7×9.9+1.7×0.1 =4.5÷9÷0.2 =930÷3 =63.4÷1 =1.7×(9.9+0.1)=0.5÷0.2 =310 =63.4 =1.7×10=2.5 (除法的性质)(除法的性质) =17(拆数,除法的性质)(前半部分死算,后半部分利用积不变的规律转化,最后用乘法分配律。

)3.9÷(1.3×5)★(7.7+1.54)÷0.7 2.5×2.4 2.7÷45=3.9÷1.3÷5 =7.7÷0.7+1.54÷0.7 =2.5×4×0.6 =2.7÷(9×5)=3÷5 =11+2.2 =10×0.6 =2.7÷9÷5=0.6 =13.2 =6 =0.3÷5(除法的性质)(相当于分配律)(拆数,乘法结合律)=0.06(拆数,除法的性质)0.35×1.25×2×0.8 32.4×0.9+0.1×32.4 15÷0.25 15÷(0.15×0.4)=(0.35×2)×(1.25×0.8)=32.4×(0.9+0.1)=15÷(5×0.05) =15÷0.15÷0.4=0.7×1 =32.4×1 =15÷5÷0.05 =100÷0.4 =0.7 =32.4 =3÷0.05 =250(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)(乘法分配律)(拆数,除法的性质) =60(除法的性质)。

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