has the largest number of people who speak 型 Chinese.
型
whenever, as long as, as soon as; the
moment, every time, next time; no
sooner…than, hardly…when ）；
2、地点（where, wherever） ；
3、方式（as, as if, as though） ；
4、程度（as…as, more than, so…that, such…that） ；
6.Let’s go to the match at once, ______ we?
子
Leave me alone, ______ you?
种 类
7.They have been learning to drive, ______ they?
8.No one was hurt, ______ ______ ?
1、简单句 只包含一个主谓结构，个个成分都是 单词或短语的句子。
句
All roads lead to Rome.
子
He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out.
类 型
Is he a superman?
Don’t be shy. Have a try.
English Grammar
Sentences
英语句子种类与类型
I、句子种类（按交际用途分） 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 There be存在句
II、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
提 纲
I、句子种类（按交际用途划分）
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、 感叹句、There be存在句
1、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否 定式，语序是主语在前，位于在后。
She arrived early.
She cannot have arrived now.
句
注：1）半否定句
子 种
I hardly know anything about it.
类
2）部分否定句与全否定句
I don’t like both the films.
(3)状语从句
5、原因（because, since, as, now that, that） ；句 子
6、结果（,so that, so…that, such…that） ；
类 型
7、目的（so that, in order that, in case） ；
8、条件（if, unless） ；
9、让步（though, although, even if, even though, in spite of the fact that ,
种 类
You call a taxi. Don’t you forget it.(强调)
Give me a hand, will/won’t/would/wouldn’t you?
2）带第一、三人称的祈使句
Let me try again. Let’s go. Let us go.
Let’s not say anything about it./Don’t let’s say…
B、复杂特殊疑问句
What do you think he has done?
3）选择疑问句
(1)以一般疑问句为基础
句
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman? 子
Shall I help you or can you manage?
种 类
(2)以特殊疑问句为基础 Which do you prefer, red wine or white? How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
词性从句。
子
类
宾语从句注意事项：引导词、语序、时态呼应、语态。
型
主语/表语/同位从句注意事项：引导词、语序、语态。
注意：1、whether与if的区别；
2、陈述句变来的名词性从句由什么引导。那么，一
般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、感叹句变
来的呢？
3、复合句 （2）定语从句=先行词+引导词+其它。
I like neither Cathy nor Mary.
3)否定转移
I don’t think it will be very cold today.
(believe, expect, suppose, imagine)
2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择
疑问句、反义疑问句。
1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或
There seems to be some misunderstanding.
There is a baby crying in the next door.
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
II、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
He works hard while his brother is a lazy bone.
He was enjoying his KFC when a friend came.
3、复合句 复合句的某个成分，如主语、宾语、表语、
同位语、定语、状语等，由另一个句子承当。
（1）名词性从句
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句统称为名 句
whenever, wherever, whoever, whichever,
However, no matter how, whether） 。
3、复合句
并列复合句 即并列连词连接了带 从句的并列句。
句 子 English is widely used in the world, but China 类
4）反义疑问句
1.Tom hardly knows French, ______ ______?
句
2.—Mary didn't fail her exam, did she?
子
种
---______, she didn‘t.
类
3.You needn’t come, ______ you?
You need to come, ______ you?
句
引导词的选用取决于：
子
1）先行词；
类 型
2）先行词的修饰语；
3）引导词在定语 从句中的成分。
注意：定语从句中的主谓一致；
3、复合句 (3)状语从句 即用作状语的分句,可作下列状语：
句
1、时间（after, before, as, when, while,
子
since, till, until,
类
4.He had a big time there, ______ he?
He had a car, ______ he?
We hardly have to get up early, ______ we?
5.He used to live in Leeds, ______ he?
4）反义疑问句
句
---No, I haven’t.
2）特殊疑问句 疑问词有
who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。
（1）陈述语序
Who was the first man in space?
句 子
（2）倒装语序
种
Who are you talking about?
类
注：A、简略式 Why not go alone? Why get so angry? How/What about taking a rest?
There goes the bell!
句
Here come the bus. Here he comes.
子 种
There used to be a village at the foot of the mountain. 类
There is certain to be a heavy rain tonight.
A:Shall we watch the game?
B:Yes, let’s.
4、感叹句
由what 或how引导的，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。
What a cute baby it is!
句 子
What fine weather we have today!
种
类
What a good time we had last night!
9.There is no doubt about it, ______ ______ ?
10.Anna hasn’t got to go to school on Sunday, ______ she?
3、祈使句
表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。
句
1）带第二人称的祈使句
子
Be quiet, please. Don’t make any noise!
no，注意语序。
句
子
Have you anything to say?
种
Did someone phone me last night?
类
Can’t you understand it? Isn’t it a beautiful lake?
---Haven’t you been to the UK?
as等来连接。
句