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语法——形容词与副词

核心考点03 考查倍数的表示法在短文改错和语法填空中,有时也会考查英语倍数的表示方法。

考生必须熟练掌握倍数表达方法的几个常用句式,作答时,要根据倍数表达方法的几个句式来判断所填的形容词和副词的形式。

典例分析An ordinary subway train, approaching the station, can be twice as ______ (loud) as the loudest jet.【解析】句意:普通的地铁,快到车站时,发出的声音可能是喷射机的两倍。

分析句子结构可知,本句考查的是“倍数+as+原级+as”结构,所以填loud。

【答案】loud状元提醒核心考点04 考查形容词和副词的变化形式如果设空处所给的词是名词或动词,所填的词是形容词,则要考虑把所给的名词或动词变为形容词;如果所给的词是形容词,所填的词是副词,则要考虑形容词变副词的几种形式。

典例分析“……得多”的much, far, a great / good deal, a lot, a good bit 等;表示“更加”意义的still, even, yet 等;表示确定程度的修饰语,如分数或有关长度、时间、重量等名词词组通常放在比较级前,也可由by 引出而置于比较级之后。

如:It is even colder than yesterday. 今天比昨天还冷。

He looks a bit happier now. 他现在显得高兴点儿了。

Do you feel any better today? 你今天感觉好点儿了吗?He is two years younger than me. 他比我小两岁。

He is a head taller than his younger sister. 他比他妹妹高一头。

This bridge is 10 meters longer than that one. 这桥比那桥长10米。

This bridge is longer than that one by 10 meters. 这桥比那桥长10米。

注:在修饰或代替复数可数名词的more 前不可用much,而要用many;除quite better 外,quite, very, so 等不可修饰比较级。

典例分析If there were no examinations, we should have a much ________ (happy) time at school.【解析】句意: 如果没有考试,我们在学校会有更幸福的生活。

所填的词被much修饰,所以用比较级形式。

【答案】happier(especial) if you are travelling at high speed.【答案】especially【解析】句意:突然停止是一个可怕的经历,尤其是如果你以高速运行的时候。

分析句子成分可知,所填的词修饰if引导的整个句子,所以用副词形式。

especial的副词形式为especially。

2. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his ______ (well-known) one.【答案】best-known【解析】句意:谈到他写的歌曲,我认为这可能是他最著名的一首。

根据前面的of all the songs可知,此处要用最高级。

well-known的比较级与最高级为better-known与best-known。

3. The higher you climb up a mountain, the _______ (little) oxygen you will breathe in.【答案】less【解析】句意:你爬山爬得越高,你呼吸进去的氧气就越少。

分析句子结构可知,本题考查的是“the more…, the more…”结构,所以用比较级。

4. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a ________ (good) voice.【答案】better【解析】句意:她唱得多好啊!我从来没有听过这么动听的声音。

根据句意可知,本句中暗含了比较,所以用good的比较级better。

5. He earns five times _______ (much) money than he did ten years ago.【答案】more【解析】句意:他现在挣的钱是十年前的5倍。

根据下文的than可知,此处要用比较级。

much的比较级是more。

6. The Pacific is by far ______ (large) ocean and covers almost half of the total ocean area.【答案】the largest【解析】句意:迄今为止太平洋是最大的一个洋,几乎正好占海洋总面积的二分之一。

根据句意以及by far可知,此处要用最高级,所以填the largest。

7. We went through the report ______ (thorough) but what disappointed us was that the detailed information we wanted wasn’t provided anywhere.【答案】thoroughly【解析】分析句子成分可知,所填的词修饰动词短语went through,所以用副词形式。

thorough的副词形式为thoroughly,意为“彻底地”。

8. With College Entrance Examination around the corner, there is no________ (good) time than NOW to crack a book.【答案】better【解析】句意:随着高考的来临,没有比现在更好的时间来研读书本。

根据下文的than可知,此处要用比较级,所以填better。

9. Tomorrow there will be _______ (main) sunshine with cloudy intervals so he has made a plan for a picnic with his family.【答案】mainly【解析】句意:明天大部分时间阳光明媚,间或有云,因此他计划和家人一起野餐。

分析句子成分可知,所填的词修饰系动词be,所以用副词形式。

10. The airport bus leaves every 30 minute and will take you _____ (right) to the Friendship Hotel.【答案】right【解析】句意:机场班车30分钟一班,直接把你送到友谊宾馆。

所填的词修饰动词,所以用副词形式,right作“恰好”讲时,本身就是副词形式。

11. ________ (thankful), I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.【答案】Thankfully【解析】句意:庆幸的是,我终于打完了比赛,其中的辛苦没有白费。

根据句子成分可知,所填的词在句中作状语,修饰整个句子,所以用副词形式。

12. They don’t realize that the competition is stronger, that the required standards of work is _______ (high).【答案】higher【解析】句意:他们没有意识到竞争越激烈,工作的要求水平就越高。

根据前面的stronger可知,此处要填比较级。

13. It is said that the population of this city is twice _______ (large) than that of that city.【答案】larger【解析】句意:据说这个城市的人口是那个城市的两倍。

分析句子结构可知,本句考查的是倍数的表示方法。

根据than可知,此处要填比较级。

14. Most parents are highly ______ (ambition) for their children, wishing them to be successful.【答案】ambitious【解析】句意:大部分的家长对孩子都抱有热切的期望,希望他们成功。

be ambitious for…对……抱有热望。

15. —Will Mr. Smith come here on time?—We cannot guarantee the _______ (punctuality) arrival of trains infoggy weather.【答案】punctual【解析】句意:—史密斯先生会准时到这儿吗?—我们不能保证雾天火车准时到达。

根据后面的arrival可知,所填的词是形容词形式,所以用punctual,意为“守时的,准时的”。

16. Of the two sisters, Betty is _____ (young) one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.【答案】the younger【解析】句意:两姐妹中,贝蒂是妹妹,也是喜欢安静的一个。

表示“两者中较……的一个”要用the+比较级。

17. Walls made of adobe(土坯) take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _____ (slow) during cool nights.【答案】slowly【解析】句意:土坯建的墙热天吸收太阳的热量,在凉爽的夜晚慢慢释放热量。

分析句子成分可知,所填的词修饰动词,所以用副词形式。

18. He felt ________ (shame) of cheating in the exam, deciding never to do such things again.【答案】ashamed【解析】句意:他为考试中作弊感到羞耻,决定再不这样做了。

beashamed of“对……感到羞耻”,符合语境。

shameful“令人感到可耻的”,修饰物。

19. If we know that gossip can be ________ (harm),then why do so many of us do it?The answer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it gives us.【答案】harmful 【解析】句意:如果我们知道闲聊会是有害的,那么为什么我们还有很多人在做这种事情呢?答案在于闲聊的另一个效果:它能给我们满足。

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