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英文合同翻译词法简述

第一节合同常用词(Usual Wording)

当大量接触英文合同,就会发现英文合同中有些词或短语出现的频率非常高,往往影响或决定了对合同的准确理解,下面就分门别类从常见实词和常见虚词两个方面进行具体介绍:

一、英文合同常用虚词(Usual Function Words)

1. Here/there/where+介词构成的古体词基本规则:Here代表this,there代表that,where代表which或what即here/there/where+介词=介词+this/that/which or what

Hereby: by means of; by reason of this.特此,由此,兹等意。

Herein:in this。此中,于此。

Hereinafter: later in the same Contract. 以下,在下文。通常与to be referred to as, referred as, called 连用。

Hereof:of this。关于此点,在本文件中。Hereunder:under this. 本文件规定。

Hereto:to this.本文件的。Thereof:of that.它的,其。Thereto:to that 与之,向那里。

Herewith:with this.与此,附此。Thereby:by that means.因此,由此,从而

Thereafter: after that,afterwards.此后。

Therein: in that; in that particular context; in that respect.在那里;在那点上;在那方面。

Therewith:with that.以此;此外。

Whereby: by the agreement; by the following terms and conditions, etc. 凭此协议,凭此条款等。

2. WITNESSETH, Whereas, Now Therefore, NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS, Know All Men by these presents,In witness Whereof, In Testimony Whereof, Undersigned.WITHNESSETH, Whereas, Now Therefore用于英文合同前言部分,In witness Whereof用于合同结尾证明部分,在第二章篇章结构特点中已有涉及,恕不赘述。

In Testimony Whereof: in Witness Whereof. 以此为证,特立此证。

NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS: 兹特立约为据, 本句话也是用于WHEREAS条款之后引出具体协议事项。

KNOW ALL MEN by these presents:根据本文件,特此宣布。(通常用于前言部分)

Undersigned: 法律文件末尾的签名者,前面加定冠词the,是指文件签署者的自称。

3. Notwithstanding: in spite of, despite. 即使,尽管。

4. As

合同英语中as出现的频率极高,而且用法灵活多变,是典型的自由人。在某种意义上讲,as使用的熟练程度可以衡量合同英语的造诣。As 放在代表规定的provide,stipulate,set forth,prescribe等词的过去分词前,含义为“依照某某规定”。

例1:For purpose of this, Capital Account shall be adjusted hypothetically as provided for in Section 4.6 herein.

基于此,应依照本合同第四条第六款调整资金账户。

另有Except as otherwise provided结构,表示“除非本文/某条款另有规定”。

As构成:as the case may be(视具体情况而定),as the case may require(视具体要求而定)和as the Venturers may determine等短语。

As构成as of the date of ____ (date) 短语是英语合同中表示“自某年某月某日起”最正式的表达。

As还用在as soon as practical短语中,意义用法相当于as soon as possible.

As与such连用是英文合同中一大特色,参看本书第二章第三节部分,在此不在赘述。

5. foregoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned, above-mentioned, in question Foregoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned, above-mentioned一族,一般放在名词前作限定,意为“前述的”或“上述的”,为避免重复已经提到的姓名或名称。

In question: under consideration; being talk about. 通常表示“在考虑或讨论中的”某件事或某个问题,可译为“这”或“该”问题。

6. follows, as below, the following

这一族都表示“下列”,一般放在动词后,而the following作为“下列”在英文合同中用的较少。这样的例子俯手皆是,恐怕每个英文合同都少不了的。

7. according to, under, subject to, in accordance with, as per, as provided in, pursuant to, in compliance with

这一族都表示“依照,根据”合同的约定或者法律的规定。其中尤以“according to”最不正式,自然用的最少了,而“in accordance with”最为常见。

8. Including but not limited to与including, without limitation以及including by way of illustration but not limitation

英文合同表达“包括但不限于”时,就会用到这几个短语。

9. prior to, no later than, on or before,on and after,prior to, on or before,no later than, on or after常用在英文合同中限定日期,prior to表示“某日之前,提前多少日”。on or before, no(not) later than,表示“不迟于”,On and after表示“从某日起”。

10.Without prejudice to Without prejudice to,常用于英文合同中,表示在“不损害某规定/情况下”。

11.Attributable to, due to, owing to, by virtue of, in view of, because of, on account of,considering, in consideration of

这一组短语出现在英文合同中都表示“因为”,其中due to,owing to,because of较不正式,很少使用。

二、英文合同常见实词(Content Words)

1. Represent, warrant, undertake, guarantee

在英文合同中这几个词都表示“保证”的含义。Represent 往往和warrant连用,出现在合同的声明保证部分:

例如:Under FOB terms, the Seller shall undertake to load the contracted goods on board the vessel nominated by the Buyer on any date notified by the Buyer, within the time of shipment as stipulated in Clause 8 of this Contract.

根据离岸价格术语,卖方应保证根据在本合同第八条规定的时限内,按买方通知的日期,装运货物至买方指定船只。

2. Principal place of business (principal office), domicile, business premise, registered office

在英文合同中,这几个词的意思分别是:“主营业地”、“住所地”、“营业场所”、“注册地”。往往出现在前言的“parties”部分。

例如:If franchisee is declared in default of the agreement, the franchiser has the right to conclude the terms of the agreement and also has the right, without notice to execute any dutiful and authorized acts, on the business premise necessary.

如被特许方承认违约,许可方则有权终止该协议且有权未经通知在必要的营业场所采取任何尽责和授权行为。

例如:The Arbitration shall be conducted in the country of the domicile of the defendant.

本仲裁应在被申请人住所地的国家进行。

3. Chapter, article, section, clause, paragraph, subparagraph

英文合同中的“章”、“条”、“款”、“项” 分别用chapter, article/section/clause, paragraph, subparagraph表示。

4. Have the right to do, be entitled to, may do, reserve the right to do, be (duly) authorized to do, have the authority to do, do sth at one’s option or/and discretion, be liberty to do

这一组短语是都表示“有权做”。Be entitled to表示to give sb. the right to sth.(to sth.)体现该权利法律上的强制性。

Reserve the right to do表示to have a specified power of right in law体现法律上规定的权利。而be authorized to do, have the authority to do指经授权而有的权利,至于do sth. at one’s option or/and di scretion则指行为人自主决定的权利。

如:The supervision personnel appointed by Party A and its representative shall have the authority to supervise the progress of work and give instruction.

甲方任命的监管人员及其代表应有权监督工程进度并发出指令。

5.Perform, fulfill, execute, implement英文合同表示合同履行时经常用到这几个词,perform表示to do what one party is obliged to do by a contract泛指双方履行合同的各项责任和义务,而fulfill表示to do everything which is promised in a contract强调合同一方具体履行合同的义务。Execute implement表示则强调具体实施,execute也有签约、生效的用法。

例如:All disputes arising in connection with this contract or in the execution thereof, should be settled amicably through

negotiations.

所有与合同或合同履行有关的争议,应通过友好协商解决。

6.Abide by, observe, obey, comply with

这几个词在英文合同中都表示“遵守,服从,”的意思。Comply with的主语通常是Sth.而observe和abide by则的主语通常是Sb.

例如:The delivered equipment shall be installed and tested by Party B and shall fully comply with the technical requirements and processing quality of the contract.

所交付的设备应由乙方安装调试,应完全符合本合同的技术要求和工艺质量。

7. have the legal obligation to do, be obliged/obligated to, shall do, be under the obligation to do,be liable/responsible to do, be liable/responsible for,

在英文合同中这一组短语都表达“有责任、有义务”。Shall do sth.在第二章英文合同特点时,已经述及,在此不再赘述。其他短语的用法,参看下例:

例1:The Company has no legal obligation, absolute or contingent, to any other Person to sell any material portion of the assets of the Company, to sell any material portion of the capital stock or other ownership interests of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or to effect any merger, consolidation or other reorganization of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to enter into any agreement with respect thereto.

本公司没有完全或随附的任何法律义务向任何他人出售公司资产的任何重要部分,出售股本的任何重要部分或本公司或其任一子公司的其他所有权权益,或实现本公司或任一子公司的并购、合并或其他的重组或签订有关以上事项的协议。

8.在基础英语中,effect一般作名词,指效果、影响,英文合同中如:come into effect表示生效,sth. in effect表示生效的法律文件。除了这些基本用法外,effect还常用作动词表示“实现”、“完成”的意思。

例如:This contract shall come into effect on the date when it is signed by both parties.

本合同从双方签字之日起生效。

The Buyer shall accept the bill of exchange immediately upon the first presentation of the bill of exchange and the required documents and shall effect the payment on the maturity date of the bill of exchange.

汇票一经承兑交单,买方应在汇票到期时完成支付。

此外,当表达实际上,事实上的含义时,英文合同常用in effect, 而不是in fact.

9.Counterpart, copy, duplicate, original

在英文合同中,Counterpart, copy, duplicate, original 都用作表示合同一式几份。Counterpart, copy和duplicate指副本,而original 指的是正本,而且duplicate就有双重双份的意思,也常见in duplicate的用法,与此类似的还有in triplicate(一式三份), in quadruplicate(一式四份),in quintuplicate(一式五份),in sextuplicate (一式六份),in septuplicate(一式七份),in octuplicate (一式八

份),in nonuplicate (一式九份),in decuplicate (一式十份)等等。

10.Incur

英文合同中incur指“招致,引起”,相当于基础英语中的cause。通常以过去分词incurred形式出现。

例如:In case her age exceeds 15 years, the extra average insurance premium thus incurred shall be borne by the Seller.

如果她的年龄超过15岁,则由买方承担因此产生的平均保险费以外的费用。

11.To-wit

作为法律专用语,to-wit的意思为“即”,相当于基础英语中的“that is to say(i.e.)”。

12.Sanction, approval, examination

英文合同表示审批、批准时,常常使用这几个词,sanction尤其专用于合同。

第三节英语合同的常用句型(Sentence Patterns)

一、in the event that(短语为in the event of), in case(短语为in case of), providing(that), provided(that), on the conditions that, if(if and whenever), where, in so far as(insofar as), should, suppose/supposing(that)在英文合同中,以上这些词常用来引导条件从句表示“如果、假如”等情形,至于基础英语中常用的“as long as”在英文合同非常鲜见。

如:In case part of or all know-how of the above-mentioned technical contents have been published by Party B or Third Parties A obtains evidence of such publication, then Party A shall no longer be responsible for keeping

secret and confidential the part already published.

如上述专有技术的一部分或全部已由第三方公布,而甲方也掌握了已公布的证据,则甲方不再承担保密义务。

相关链接:in no case, in no event, in the case of,in any case等。

in no case和in no event表示“决不”即无论怎样都不行。

例如:Vessel over 20 years of age shall in no event be acceptable to the Buyer.船龄超过20年的买方概不接受。

In the case of 就什么来说,关于,in any case 无论如何

例如:In the case of dangerous and/or poisonous cargo (es), the Seller is obliged to take care to ensure that the

nature and the generally adopted symbol shall be marked conspicuously on each package.

关于危险或有毒货物,卖方有义务照管确保其属性安全且应在每一包装上标注通常采用的标识。

商务英语合同翻译范本

合同 编号:日期: 买受人: 出售人: 本合同由买卖双方订立,根据本合同规定的条款,买方同意购买,卖方同意出售下述商品: 1.货名,规格,数量 2.单价,总价 3.生产国和制造商 4.包装 用坚固的新木箱包装,适宜长途海运,并具备良好的防潮,防震,防锈,耐粗暴搬运能力,由于包装不当而引起的货物损坏或由于防护措施不善而引起货物锈蚀,卖方应赔偿由此而造成的全部损失费用。 5.唛头 卖方应在每件包装上,用不褪色油墨清楚地标刷件号、尺码、毛重、净重、“此端向上”、“小心轻放”、“切勿受潮” 等字样。 6.运日期 7.装运港 8.目的港

9.保险装运后由买方投保。 10.支付条件 ⑴信用证付款,买方在收到卖方根据合同第12条规定的提前装运的通知后,应于运输的15日到20日之前,按货物总金额的全部。通过_______(银行),设立以卖方为受益人的不可撤销的信用证。卖方凭本合同第11条规定的装运单据及开出的即期汇票提交给开证银行贷款,信用证的有效期至货物运装后15天为止。 ⑵托收付款,卖方应把合第11条所规定的由_______(银行)开具的装运单据转交买方。 ⑶根据合同第11条货款应在收据收到的7天前生效。 11.单据 ⑴卖方应将下列单据提交付款银行托收付款,若以信汇付款,下列单据应寄买方: (a)填写通知目的口岸对外贸易运输公司的空白抬头、空白背 书的全套已装船的清洁提单,注明“运费到付”,并通知货口岸___________公司。 (b)发票五份,注明合同号,唛头。(唛头在一份以上,发票 需独立出具)。 (c)五份发票需注明货物重量,编号和发票相应的日期。 (d)按照本合同第16条第一项规定,提交由制造厂签发的质 量和数量/重量证明书及检验报告各两份。

[标准合同]中英文翻译外债借款合同范本

中英文翻译外债借款合同范本 合同( 或合约)(covenants) ,是双方当事人基于对立合致的意思表示而成立的法律行为,为私法自治的主要表现,意指盖印合约中所包含的合法有效承诺或保证、本文是关于中英文翻译外债借款合同范本,仅供大家参考、甲方:合同编号:;PartyA :ContractNo :; 乙方:XXX有限公司;PartyB : XXXfacturin; 甲乙双方经过详细磋商,达成以下协议:;PartyAandPartyhavereache; 一、甲方同意无息借款给乙方,作为购买生产设备 用;1.PartyAagreestos 外债借款合同( 范本) Contract of Loan 甲方:合同编号: Party A :Contract No : 乙方:潍坊传盛商用设备有限公司 Party B :China Manufacturing Solutions(China) Ltd 甲乙双方经过详细磋商,达成以下协议: Party A and Party have reached an agreement to conclude the following contract : 一、甲方同意无息借款给乙方,作为购买生产设备用。 1. Party A agrees to supply a Interest-free loan to party B for purchasing production facility. 二、借款金额:USD25万元,(美金贰拾伍万美元整) 2. Loan Amounts :USD 250,000(two hundred and fifty thousand US Dollar)

中英文对照版合同翻译样本

1.Sales Agreement The agreement, (is) made in Beijing this eighth day of August 1993 by ABC Trading Co., Ltd., a Chinese Corporation having its registered office at Beijing, the People’ Repubic of China (hereinafter called “Seller”) and International Tradi ng Co., Ltd., a New York Corporation having its registered office at New York, N.Y., U.S.A. (hereinafter called “Buyer”). 2.WITNESSETH WHEREAS, Seller is engaged in dealing of (product) and desires to sell (product)to Buyer, and WHEREAS, Buyer desires to purchase(product) from Sellers, Now, THEREFORE, it is agreed as follows: 3.Export Contract This Contract is entered into this 5th day of August 1993 between ABC and Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Seller”) who agrees to sell, and XYZ Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called “Buyer”) who agrees to buy the following goods on the following terms and condition. 4.Non-Governmental Trading Agreement No. __This Agreement was made on the_day of_19_, BETWEEN _ (hereinafter referred to as the Seller) as the one Side and _ (hereinafter referred to as the Buyer) as the one other Side. WHEREAS, the Seller has agreed to sell and the buyer has agreed to buy _ (hereinafter referred to as the Goods ) the quantity, specification, and price of which are provided in Schedule A. IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS: 5.Contract For Joint-Operation Enterprise __ COMPANY LTD., a company duly organized under the Law of __ and having its registered office at (hereinafter called “Party A”) AND __ COMPANY LTD., a company duly organized under the Law of __ and having its registere d office at (hereinafter called “Party B”) Party A and Party B (hereinafter referred to as the “Parties”) agree to jointly form a Co-operation Venture Company (hereinafter referred to as the “CVC”) in accordance with “the Laws of the People’s Republic of C hina on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment” and the “Regulations for the Implementation of the Laws of the People’s Republic of China on Joint Ventures Using Chinese and Foreign Investment” and other applicable laws and regulations. 6.MODEL CONTRACT Contract No. Date: Seller: Signed at: Address: Cable Address: Buyer: Address: Cable Address: The Seller and the Buyer have agreed to conclude the following transactions according to the terms and conditions stipulated below: http://biz.doczj.com/doc/4616057921.html, of Commodity: 2.Specifications: 3.Quantity: 4.Unit Price: 5.Total Price: U.S.$: 6.Packing: 7.Time of Shipment: days after receipt of L/C. 8.Loading Port & Destination Port: From via to . 9.Insurance:

英语合同的特点和翻译

编号:_______________本资料为word版本,可以直接编辑和打印,感谢您的下载 英语合同的特点和翻译 甲方:___________________ 乙方:___________________ 日期:___________________

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中英文对照版合同翻译样本

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英文合同翻译汇总【是栓哥呕心沥血之作吗?】来源:卢瑞的日志 一.hereby 英文释义:by means of , by reason of this 中文译词:特此,因此,兹 用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。 语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语. 例1: The Employ er hereby cov enants to pay the Contractor in conside ration of the execution and completio n of the Works and the remedy ing of defects therein the C ontract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the prov isions of the C ont ract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the C ontract. 参考译文: 业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。 注释: (1)he reby: by reason of this 特此 (2)cov enant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同 (3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工 (4)therein: in the Wo rks在本工程中 (5)the C ontract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价 (6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, w hich (7)under: in accordance w ith 根据,按照 (8)the prov isions of the C ontract: terms and conditio ns of the C ontract合同条款 例2: We hereby certify to the best of our know ledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all av ailable information and data hav e been supplied herein, and that w e agree to prov ide documentary proof upon y our request. 注释: (1)hereby:特此 (2)to the best of our know ledge:as far as w e know据我们所知 (3)foregoing statement:abov e-mentioned statement上述声明 (4)herein:in this, in the statement在声明中 (5)documentary proof:证明文件 参考译文: 特此证明,据我们所知,上述声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部现有的资料和数据,我们同意,应贵方要求出具证明文件。 例3: This C ontract is hereby made and concluded by and betw een C o. (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and C o. (hereinaft er referred to as Party B) on (Date), in (Place), C hina, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amic able consultation. 注释: (1)hereby:特此 (2)hereinafter referred to as Party A:以下称甲方 (3)on the principle of equality and mutual benefit:在平等互利基础上 (4)through amicable consultation:通过友好协商 参考译文:

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