英语学科辅导讲义
知识点一：短语辨析
1、Put 相关
Put sth on把..放在…上put on穿上/上演put off 推迟，延后
put out熄灭/出版put up 建造/举起/搭建put away 放好/抛弃
put aside搁置一边/储存备用put down记下
2、make相关
make it成功make up化妆be made of 由看的出材质的物品制成
be made from由看不出材质的物品制成be made by由谁制作make out of制作
3、take 相关
take off起飞/脱下/动身/匆匆离开take over接管take down记下
take place 发生take notes记笔记take a break休息一下
take uptake action采取措施take away带走
take care of照顾/照料take charge 掌管take in 吸收/欺骗
4、look相关
look after照顾/关心look forward to doing 期待/盼望look ahead预测未来
look as if看起来似乎look at 看；着眼于look around/about环顾四周
look for寻找1ook down俯视/轻视look into朝..看去/调查
look up查阅/查询look like 看上去像look on旁观;观望lookout小心；当心
look through浏览；温习；透过…看
5、knock相关
Knock on /at敲击（门窗等）knock sth off 把..从…上撞掉/击落knock off work 下班__ Knock 10% off优惠10% knock sb over把某人撞到
6、give 相关
give off释放give out 分发give away泄露/分送give way让路/让步
give in投降/交上/屈服give up 放弃give sb a hand助某人一臂之力
give lessons to sb给….上课
7、get 相关
get up 起床get on with 和…相处get married结婚get on 上车
get off下车get/be used to do 习惯于做某事get….into trouble陷入困境
get out of逃避/避免get tired of厌倦…get through通过/到达；接通电话等
get away离开；逃脱
8、turn 相关
turn on打开turn off 关掉turn up 调高/出现turn down调低
turn out结果是/证明是turn around转身turn over翻身turn to sb for help向某人求助
9、send相关
send out发出send a letter寄信send off寄出/给…送行send away发送/派遣/解雇
10、keep相关
Keep in mind 铭记于心keep in touch 保持联系keep sb from doing阻止某人做某事Keep an eye on留意/密切关注keep on doing继续做某事keep up with跟得上/赶得上
11、break 相关
break down抛锚break in破门而入break out爆发break up分手
break into pieces破成碎片break one’s heart伤心….break off折断；突然结束
12、pick 相关
Pick out___挑出/选出____ pick up__捡起/接/__ pick on__作弄___ pick at__找茬___
13、way 相关
In the way挡路on the way在…的路上in this way用这种方法
in a way从某种方面来说By the way顺便说一下all the way一直/总是/一路上
in some ways在某些方面；在某种程度上in many ways 在许多方敏；用许多方法
14、go 相关
go out出去/熄灭/过时go over复习/仔细检查go on doing继续做某事
go up增长/上升；被兴建起来
15、make 相关
make out理解；辨认出；make a living谋生make a mistake犯错
make money赚钱make fun of 取消make a noise发出噪音
make progress取得进步make friends with与..做朋友
16、think 相关
Think about考虑think of 想起/ 考虑think over仔细考虑
17、carry 相关
Carry on继续做某事carry out执行/ 实践/贯彻carry on with继续….
18、call 相关
Call on sb.拜访某人call at sw.参观某地call out to sb.向某人大叫call off取消
1、非谓语动词的使用
非谓语动词共有三大类：to do (不定式)；V-ing动名词及Done(过去分词)
To do (不定式)用法两大类：表目的、表结果要记牢
eg. We have nothing to eat. To catch the first bus, we have to get up early.
He came home from work happily ,only to find his house broken into.
V-ing (现在分词)与Done ( 过去分词)用法区别：
(1)当非谓语动词做定语时，与被修饰词有关，主动关系用V-ing;被动关系用done.
eg. a crying girl a broken window no time left等
(2)当非谓语动词做状语时，与主语有关，主动关系用V-ing;被动关系用done.
eg. Following his mother ,the little Tom entered into the teachers’ office.。