常见英汉对照有机基名表acetamido CH3CONH─乙酰氨基acetenyl = ethynyl CH≡C─乙炔基acetoacetyl CH3COCH2CO─乙酰乙酰基；3—氧丁酰基acetonyl CH3COCH2─丙酮基；乙酰甲基acetonylidene CH3COCH= 亚丙酮基acetoxy CH3COO─乙酸基；乙酰氧基acetyl CH3CO─乙酰（基）acetylene ①CH≡CH 乙炔②=CHCH= 双亚乙基acryloyl CH2=CHCO─丙烯酰alkoxy RO─（R=烷基或烃基）烷氧基allyl CH2=CHCH2─烯丙基β−;allyl = isopropenyl CH2=C(CH3)─β−;烯丙基；异丙烯基allylidene CH2=CHCH= 亚烯丙基allyloxy CH2=CHCH2O─烯丙氧基amido H2N─[严格说来此项英文名只能用来表示酰基上的氨基，但是英文常与amino混用]氨基amino H2N─氨基amyl = pentyl CH3(CH2)4─戊基tert-amyl = 1,1−;dimethylpropyl CH3CH3C(CH3)2─特戊基azido N3─叠氮基azo ─N=N─偶氮基azoxy ─N(O)N─氧化偶氮基benzal = benzylidene 苯亚甲基benzamido C6H5CONH─苯甲酰氨基benzenesulfinyl（参阅phenyleulfinyl）C6H5SO─苯亚磺酰benzenesulfonamido C6H5SO2NH─苯磺酰氨基benzenesulfonyl C6H5SO2─苯磺酰benzhydryl = diphenylmethylene 二苯甲基benzhydrylidene = diphenylmethylene 二苯亚甲基benzofuryl = benzofuranyl 苯并呋喃基；氧茚基benzoxy = benzoyloxy苯甲酸基；苯甲酰氧基benzoyl C6H5CO─苯甲酰benzoylene ─C6H5CO─（o、m或p）亚苯甲酰基（邻、间或对）benzoyloxy C6H5COO─苯甲酸基；苯甲酰氧基benzyl C6H5CH2─苄基；苯甲基benzylidene C6H5CH= 苯亚甲基benzylidyne C6H5C≡次苄基benzyloxy C6H5CH2O─苄氧基benzylthio C6H5CH2S─苄硫基；苯甲硫基biphenylene ─C6H4C6H4─亚联苯基biphenylenebisazo ─N=NC6H4C6H4N=N─联苯重氮亚基biphenylylcarbonyl C6H5C6H4CO─联苯羰基biphenylyloxy C6H5C6H4O─联苯氧基bromo Br─溴butadienyl CH2=CHCH=CH─丁间二烯基；1，3─丁二烯基1─butenyl CH3CH2CH=CH─丁烯基；1─丁烯基2─butenyl CH3CH=CHCH2─丁邻烯基；2─丁烯基3─butenyl CH2=CH(CH2)2─丁间烯基；3─丁烯基2─butenylene─CH2CH=CHCH2─1，4─亚丁─2─烯基butenylidene CH3CH=CHCH= 亚丁─2─烯基butenylidyne CH3CH=CHC≡次丁─2─烯基butoxy CH3(CH2)2CH2O─丁氧基sec-butoxy C2H5CH(CH3)O─仲丁氧基tert-butoxy (CH3)3CH2O─叔丁氧基butyl CH3(CH2)2CH2─丁基sec-butyl C2H5CH(CH3)─仲丁基tert-butyl (CH3)3C─叔丁基butyryl CH3CH2CH2CO─丁酰caproyl = hexanoyl 己酰capryl = decanoyl 癸酰capryloyl = octanoyl 辛酰carbamyl = carbamoyl H2NCO─氨（基）甲酰carbomethoxy = methoxycarbonyl 甲酯基；甲氧羰基carbonyl OC= 羰基；碳酰carboxy HOOC─羧基chloro Cl─氯代；氯基chloroformyl ClCO─氯甲酰；氯羰基cinnamenyl = styryl 苯乙烯基cinnamyl C6H5CH=CHCH2─肉桂基cresoxy = tolyloxy 甲苯氧基（邻、间或对）cresyl = ar-hydroxytoly或指tolyl 甲苯基（邻、间或对）crotonyl = crotonoyl 巴豆酰基cyano N≡C─氰基cyclobutyl C4H7─环丁基cycloheptyl C7H13─环庚基2,4─cyclohexadienyl CH2CH=CHCH=CHCH─2，4-环己二烯基cyclohexenyl C6H9─（3种异构物）环己（邻、间、对）烯基cyclohexyl C6H11─环己基cyclopentadienyl C5H5─环戊二烯基cyclopentenyl C5H7─环戊烯基cyclopentyl C5H9─环戊基cyclopropyl C3H5─环丙基cystyl ─COCH(NH2)CH2SSCH2CH(NH2)CO─胱氨基decanoyl CH3(CH2)8CO─癸酰decyl CH3(CH2)8CH2─癸基diazo ─N=N─或 N=N=重氮基diazoamino ─N=NNH─重氮亚氨基diazonium (N≡N)─重氮（化）dimethylamino (CH3)2N─二甲氨基diphenylmethyl (C6H5)2CH─二苯甲基dithio ─SS─二硫代dodecyl ─CH3(CH2)10CH2─十二（烷）基dotriacontyl CH3(CH2)30CH2─三十二（烷）基cicosyl CH3(CH2)18CH2─二十烷基epithio ─S─环硫；表硫；桥硫基[联在已与其它原子依别种方法相联结的两个原子上] epoxy ─O─环氧；表氧；桥氧基[联在已与其它原子依别种方法相联结的两个原子上]ethene=ethylene ①乙烯②1，2-亚乙基ethenyl=ethylidyne或vinyl 乙烯基ethoxy C2H5O─乙氧基ethoxycarbonyl C2H5OOC─乙酯基；乙氧羰基ethoxyphenyl (C2H5O)C6H4─乙氧苯基ethyl CH3CH2─乙基ethylamino C2H5NH─乙胺基ethylene ─CH2CH2─①乙烯②1，2-乙基ethylenedioxy ─OCH2CH2O─亚乙二氧基ethylidene CH3CH= 亚乙基ethylidyne CH3C≡次乙基ethylthio CH3CH2S─乙硫基ethynyl CH≡C─乙炔基fluoto F─氟代formamido OHCNH─甲酰胺基formyl OHC─甲酰fomryloxy HCOO─甲酸基；甲酰氧基fumaryl ─COCH=CHCO─富马酰；（反式）丁二烯酰furyl OC4H3─呋喃基[两种异构物]geranyl C10H17─牦牛儿基glucosvl C6H11O5─葡（萄）糖基glyceryl ─CH2CHCH2─甘油基；丙三基glyoxylyl = glyoxyloyl 乙醛酰hendecyl = undecyl 十一（烷）基heneicosyl CH3(CH2)19CH2─二十一（烷）基hentriacontyl CH3(CH2)29CH2─三十一（烷）基heptacosyl CH3(CH2)25CH2─二十七（烷）基heptadecanoyl CH3(CH2)15CO─十七（烷）酰heptadecyl CH3(CH2)15CH2─十七（烷）基heptanoyl CH3(CH2)5CO2─庚酰heptyl CH3(CH2)5CH2─庚基hexacontyl CH3(CH2)58CH2─六十（烷）基hexacosyl CH3(CH2)24CH2─二十六（烷）基hexadecanoyl CH3(CH2)14CO─十六（烷）酰hexadecyl CH3(CH2)14CH2─十六（烷）基hexamethylene ─CH2(CH2)4CH2─六亚甲基；1.6-亚己基hexanoyl CH3(CH2)4CO─己酰hexyl CH3(CH2)4CH2─己基hexylidene CH3(CH2)5CH= 亚己基histidyl N2C3H3CH2CH(NH2)CO─组氨酰hydrazino H2NNH─肼基；联氨基hydrazo ─NHNH─1，2-亚肼基hydrazono H2NN= 亚肼基；亚联氨基hydroxamino = hydroxyamino 羟氨基hydroximino = hydroxyimino 肟基hydroxy HO─羟基hydroxyamino HONH─羟氨基hydroxymethyl HOCH2─羟甲基-idene 亚[加于任何一个基名之前，表示在联结处为双键] iodo I─碘代isoamyl = isopentyl 异戊基isobutenyl = 2-methylpropenyl 异丁烯基；2-甲基丙烯基isobutoxy (CH3)2CHCH2O─异丁氧基原名作取代基作官能团烷烃：hydrocarbon alkyl烯烃：alkenes alkenyl炔烃：alkynes alkynyl卤代烃：alkyl halides氟：fluorine fluoro氯：chlorine chloro溴：bromine bromo碘：iodine iodo酚：pehnols hydroxy -ol醇：alcohols hydroxy -ol醚：ethers R-oxy -ether胺：amines amino -amine醛：aldehydes R-oxycarbonyl -al/-carbaldenhyde酮：ketones R-oxycarbonyl -one羟酸：carboxylic acid carboxy -carboxylicacacid(含碳) -oicacid(不含碳)酰卤：actyl halides halocarbonyl -harboxylhalide(含碳) -oylhalide(不含碳)酸酐：acidanhydrogrides酯：esters R-oxycarbonyl -caronylate(含碳)-oate(不含碳)腈：nitriles cyano -carboxamide(含碳)-mitrile(不含碳)酰胺：amides carbamoyl -carboxamide(含碳)-amide(不含碳)硝基：nitro烷烯炔甲：methane methene methyne 乙：ethane ethene ethyne丙：propane propene propyne 丁：butane butene butyne戊：pentane pentene pentyne 己：hexane hexene hexyne 庚：heptane heptene heptyne 辛：octane octene octyne壬：nonane nonene nonyne 癸：decane decene decyne作取代基时：词尾改为-yl.连苯：biphenyl萘：naphthalene联萘：binaphthalene蒽：anthrancene菲：phenanthrene芘：pyrene甲苯：toluene二甲苯：邻：O-xylene间：m-xylene对：p-xylene苯乙烯：styrene苯胺：aniline苯酚：phenol苯甲醛：benzaldehyde苯磺酸：benzene sulfonic acid 苯甲酸：benzoic acid呋喃：furan噻吩：thiophene吡唑：pyrazole咪唑：midazole噁唑：oxazole吡啶：pyridine哒嗪：pyrimidine吡嗪：pyrazine吡喃：pyran吲哚：indole喹啉：quinoline有机物英文前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2 chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1 -dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代-form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水 hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替…胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106百万, 大meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6极微小milli- 10-3 mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9 nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12 poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sexi- 六sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔。