• 美国入侵巴拿马不仅违反他们自己公开声称的民 主主义，而且违反了国际法。
• 3）重复介词前的名词。
• Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.
• 无知是羡慕的根源，又是恐惧的根源。
• 4）重复先行词名词(定语从句或同位语)。
• He lent me a thousand dollars, which was exactly the amount I needed.
• 他借给我一千美元，这笔钱正好够我用。
• He was left on a desolate island, where he stayed for as long as three months.
• 3月25日来函收到，得悉贵方对我方的皮鞋很感兴趣， 但认为我方2月20日报价偏高，无法成交。
• 第11讲： 重复法
• 1. Repetition 重复法
• 重复法：为指代明确
•
为强调或夸张
•
为修辞生动
• 英译汉时，英语承前省去或用其他词代 替的词都要在译文中重复出来。
• 重复法实质上是一种增词法。
• A：为指代明确 • 1、重复名词。
• 1）重复主语或宾语名词。
• We have to analyze and solve problems.
• 我们必须分析问题，解决问题。
• Progressive and democratic tendencies in one’s thought often show themselves in one’s speech.
• 人们先忘记你的面貌，接着忘记你的名字。
• 2）动词加介词连接多个宾语（动省或动介都省时）
• （1）Topen policy on trade, of stability and unity, and particularly of the four cardinal principles.
• 语法是讨论语言结构的。英语语法讨论英语的结 构，法语语法讨论法语的结构，等等。
• (4) All living things depend on the sun for their growth, but man still specially on water and fire, besides the sun, for their existence.
• 某人思想上的进步倾向和民主倾向常在言语中表 现出来。
• 2) 重复表语名词。
• The American invasion of Panama is not only the violation of their professed democracy but also of international law.’
• 万物生长靠太阳，但是人类的生存，除靠太阳外， 还特别靠水和火。
•
• 3、重复代词
• 1）前指代词一般可被重复
• Exchange of ideas is necessary. For without it，it is impossible to achieve mutual understanding.
• 大家庭有大家庭的困难。
• 进来了，就休想出去。
• 2. We have the pleasure of acknowledging the receipt of your letter dated Feb. 25, which tells us that you are very interested in our leather shoes. But you think that the price we offered in Feb. 20 is on the high side, therefore we cannot conclude the transaction.
• 接着他谈到了经济改革和贸易开放政策， 谈到了 安定团结，并特别谈到了四项基本原则。
• （2）FOB is suited to either importer or exporter, preferably the former.
• 船上交货既适用于出口方，又适用于进口方， 尤其是前者。
• (3) Grammar deals with the structure of language, English grammar with the structure of English, and French grammar with the structure of French, and so on.
• 有必要进行思想交流，没有思想交流，便不能达 到相互了解。
• But there are clues, and they seem to bear out my earlier suspicion.
• 但是还是有蛛丝马迹可寻的；这些蛛丝马迹看来 足以证明我先前的怀疑是有根据的。
• 2）物主代词：its, his, their etc. • Big families have their own difficulties.
• 他被抛到一个荒岛上，在那里他呆了三个月之久。 （关系副词）
• They considered John, a good musician.
• 他们考虑到了约翰， 他是一位优秀的音乐家。
• 2、重复动词
• 1）一个动词连接多个宾语或表语时。
• People forget your face first, then your name.
商务英语翻译1（第四版下）
凌成德
• 1. John fell off his bike his father had bought for him and broke his leg.
• 约翰从父亲给他买的自行车上摔了下来，把腿折断了。
• 2. Once you are in, you wouldn’t be allowed to get out.