雅思图表写作讲义内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）图表写作一总述1任务要求：考生在20分钟内完成150个单词的小文章。
2 内容：图表（line graph, bar chart, pie chart, table, diagram)3 文体：summary4考察能力：客观地描述图形信息；进行比较和对比；对非个人性的话题提供报告，不掺杂个人意见；使用图形描述语言。
Note: 这里涉及到考试三原则——objectivity客观性原则（考生进行描述是不能有任何脸型式的个人观点），carefulness 周密性原则（有时作文题会安排一个隐藏着的特征信息，考察考生的观察能力和横向比较能力，考生若能发现并加以描述，可以得到一个印象分，如没发现，则正常阅卷），accuracy 精确性原则（考生须用准确生动的语言对数据进行描述）。
5 考生对图表题所存在的三个问题：对于写作当中的套用句掌握不充分对于不同图表的破题思路存在问题连接方面存在困难二图表题总的认识1 各种题型的侧重点运动趋曲线图难点：把握曲线的走向和趋势——需要在第二段开头部分对整个曲线进行一个阶段式的总分类；2．图表作文结构•引言段：对图表主题作总介绍（关于什么主题的什么图/时间（1~2句）•正文段：•1）对图表进行总的概述或解说用（1～2 句）•2）对图表所包含的信息进项详细的分析和比较（2~3段）•结尾段：对所描述的图表信息进行总结（1~2句）三、图表题写作1．审题：•－先看文字信息－把握主题•－再看图标信息－把握具体信息••横坐标：时间1950－1996（时态）•纵坐标：数据（单位）•图表标题：world grain harvested area,1950-1996写作通过改写题目（同义词转换，句式结构改変，增减细节）完成引言段写作•Eg.请改写P28的题目•比较原题与改写后的introduction 有什么不同之处：•The graph below shows the area of land from which grain was harvested.•This line graph above illustrates the total world grain harvested areas in millions of hectares between 1950 and 1996.•同义词转换：show- illustrate，reveal，depict, demonstrate, compare, give some information about…,•句式转换：the total grain harvested areas•增加细节：in millions of hectares , between 1950 and 1996注意：为避免plagiarism,一定要对题目进行改头换面。
Eg.1) The two pie charts show the proportion of males and females inemployment in 6 broad categories. 更换词语The two pie charts give the proportion of men and women employed in6 broad areas.2）The two pie charts show the proportion of males and females in employment in 6 broad categories. 更换句式结构•The two pie charts show, in 6 broad categories, the proportion of males and females in employment.图表作文开头段落常见语言结构：练习：1．请为P30的线状图写引言段。
参考：The graph shows the number of West Indians and Indians and Pakistanis immigrating to the UK from 1940 to 1970.2．请为以下的复合图写引言段。
People arrested over the past 5 years参考答案：•The pie charts and the bar chart respectively present the proportion of males and females arrested over the past five years and some significant reasons why they were arrested in 2007. 或•The pie charts compare the proportion of males and females arrested over the past five years and the bar chart illustratessome significant reasons in2007.3.主体段落写作1）对图表的特点或趋势进行总的概述或解说（1～2 句）2）对图表所包含的信息进项详细的分析和比较（2~3段）1）对图表的特点或趋势进行总的概述或解说－general statement即概述图表写作的最大特点或总趋势线状图的总趋势In general, the total harvest area increased until 1980, at which point there was a reduction in the area harvested due to retrenchment. P30 两条线的总趋势/总特点As can be seen, immigration of both West Indians and Indians and Pakistanis increased rapidly over a twenty-year period. After 1960, the number of West Indian immigrants decreased sharply whereas the number of Indian and Pakistani immigrants continued to increase.练习请为以下复合图写作总概述People arrested over the past 5 years参考According to the graph, more males than females were arrested and thief became the most common reason of arrest in 2007.引出总概述的语言•As can be seen, the most striking feature is …•As is shown/depicted in the table, the most obvious feature is …•From the graph, we can see clearly that…•From the chart, it is apparent that…•According to the graph,•Generally speaking,•It is noted that…•Overall,…2）对图表所包含的信息进项详细的分析和比较（2~3段）2．1 趋势图（线状图）：解题思路：按时间发展顺序写作；语言点：四个方向的语言点－运动范畴，程度范畴，时间范畴，数据范畴与连接范畴．运动范畴中存在着如下的８种运动趋向：１.保持平稳：我们可以使用的套用结构有: stay stable/remain steady.举例：表示人口数量保持平稳的时候可以写: the number of population stayed stable。
/the number of population remained steady.2.上升/增加：我们可以使用的套用结构有：rise/ climb/ increase/ascend/mount/aggrandize(增加)举例：人口上升：the number of population increased/ascended/mounted等等。
3．下降/减少：我们可以使用的套用结构有：fall/ drop/ decrease/ descend/ decline举例：人口减少：the number of population decreased/ declined.4．.波动：这个就像我们的心电图一样。
英语中叫fluctuate.举例：人口波动：number of population fluctuated.5．达到顶峰：peak/ reach its summit/reach its zenith举例：人口到达了顶峰：number of population peaked/ reached its summit/ reached its zenith.程度范畴：、缓慢的/轻微的：gradually/ smoothly/ steadily/slightly/moderately/slowly陡然的/大幅度的：dramatically/ sharply/ considerably/ appreciably/ greatly/ steeply/ significantly/ markedly/rapidly/quickly/ suddenly/举例:1.人口大幅度攀升:number of population mounted dramatically.2.人口轻微下降:number of population decreased slightly.3.人口逐渐下降:number of population decreased gradually.1）上升/下降后面使用to(到)和by(了)举例:1. 人口下降到200万: number of population decreased to 2 million.2. 人口下降了200万: number of population decreased by 2 million.3. 人口上升到1000万: number of population increased to 10 million.4. 人口上升了500万: number of population increased by 5 million.2）. remain steady/ stay stable/ level off/ bottom out/ peak/reach its peak/ reach its zenith后面需要使用的是at.举例: 1.人口在500万上保持平稳:number of population remained steady at 5 million.1. 人口在800万时到达了顶峰:number of population peaked at 8 million.2. 下降后,人口在400万保持平稳:after decreasing, number of population bottomed out at 4 million.3. 上升后,人口在700万保持平稳: after mounting, number of population leveled off at 7 million.3）fluctuate的后面大家需要连接between …..and…..举例: 人口在2和100亿之间波动:number of population fluctuated between 2 and 10 billion.(那俩人是ADAM和EVE)练习：请描述一下线状图1950 1960 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005参考答案：The number of tourists increased greatly during the first 10 years from 1950 to 1960, reaching its peak at 100 in 1960. After an initial drop, the tourist numbers had kept steady at around 100 for 10 years between 1965 and 1975. It is noted that the following 30-year period saw an overall upward trend with some fluctuations.常用4大句型：1）sth + verb+程度＋数据＋时间。