三步解非谓语动词遇到有关非谓语动词的单选题，可以根据句中的搭配结构、非谓语的主被动形式和非谓语的“时态”三个角度，从语言的结构到语义由简单到复杂依次排选。

第一步：根据非谓语形式在句中可作的成分来分析空白处可填入的非谓语形式，看能否在不定式、分词和动名词几个形式之间先排除一个或几个。

非谓语动词在句中可作成分一览表注：1).the 分词也可用作主语和宾语；2).现在分词完成式不作定语。

1．非谓语形式作主语或宾语时，除“the 分词”外一般只能用不定式或动名词。

其中不定式作介词的宾语时要使用“特殊疑问词 不定式”结构。

例如：1).It’s very kind of you to help us.2).Fighting broke out between the South and the North.3).The driver failed to see other cars at the moment .4).Please show us how to do that.2．作状语时，不定式表示目的以及so/as to do和(only)to do中的结果状语，其它状语都用分词来表示。

例如：1).To sleep late the next morning,he turned off the alarm clock.（“非谓语 主句”模式中，非谓语在句首而且由逗号与主句隔开，此句中的不定式只作目的状语；此时的分词表示时间、原因或条件状语，有时分词前可加when,while,if,before, after,as和though等连词，如：①Given more attention,the trees could have grown better. ②When asked,never be silent.）2).He came here only to say good-bye to us.（不定式在句中作目的状语时它前面不能用逗号）3).He spoke a lot at the conference,only to show his ignorance on the topic.（不定式在主句之后，又有逗号与主句隔开时常用(only)to do形式表示出乎主语意料的结果）第二步：在第一步的基础上从非谓语的主被动形式这个角度进行筛选。

1．非谓语用作主语或状语时，一般根据它们的逻辑主语来判断主被动形式的选用；若无逻辑主语，则以主句主语为判断对象。

例如：1).Using the dictionary,I found it of great use.（作状语的分词逻辑主语和主句主语相同时，逻辑主语常省去）2).It’s so nice to hear your voice.3).Seeing is believing.（不带逻辑主语的不定式或动名词作主语时，通常看作第一人称的逻辑主语省略）注意以下特殊情况中非谓语一律用主动式：①主语 系动词 形容词 不定式②need/want/require(需要) doing③be worth doing2．作宾语或表语时，要根据主句主语来分析主被动形式。

例如：1).The little girl would like to be brought to the State with her brother.2).His story in the jungle is very exciting.3．作定语时，应根据被修饰词来选用主被动形式。

例如：1).I have a room to paint,so I can’t go out for a picnic with them.2).We have a room to be painted.Where can we find a worker?(当句中出现了作定语的不定式动词的执行者时用主动式，否则用被动式)4．作宾补的非谓语主被动形式要根据非谓语动词与宾语的关系来确定。

例如：1).Don’t have the water running like that.2).She sat alone in the room,with her eyes fixed on the ceiling.第三步：经过第一、二两步分析仍未能作出最后选择时，可能会剩下不定式和分词内部不同的式之间的选择，即非谓语的“时态”，这时可通过比较非谓语动词和谓语动词所发生的先后来判别。

1．不定式的一般式to do/to be done常用在①表示非谓语动词发生在谓语之后；例如：1).I hope to see you again soon.2).Who do you think our teacher will have work on the wall-newspaper?②表示与谓语动词同时发生的一个全过程动作或谓语当时所处的状态。

例如：4).Have you seen a little boy go into the house?5).He seems to know that.2．不定式的进行式to be doing 和现在分词的一般式doing/being done只用来表示非谓语动词和谓语动词同时发生。

例如：1).The secretary worked late into the night, preparaing the long speech for the president.2).They pretended to be sleeping when Mother came in.3．不定式完成式to have done/to have been done和现在分词完成式having done/having been done均表示动作发生在谓语之前。

例如：1).He is said to have left.2).Not having heard from him,I wrote to him again.4．词常表示发生在谓语之前而及物动词的过去分词则可以指发生在谓语之前或与谓语同时的状态。

例如：1).fallen leaves/a burnt-out match2).The thief was brought in,with his hands tied behind.非谓语动词题的八条经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there ____for a space flight.（07江西卷）A. trainingB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trained2. _____ this cake，you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. （2006广东卷）A. Having madeB. MakeC. To makeD. Making原则二：用于名词后作定语时，使用非谓语动词的原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用现在分词，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义。

3. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _____ in Beijing in 2008. （2006四川卷）A. holdB. holdingC. heldD. to be held4. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.（2006上海卷）A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. wait5. “Things _____ never come again!”I couldn’t help talking to myself. （2007湖南卷）A. lostB. losingC. to lostD. have lost6.—The last one _____ pays the meal.—Agreed!（2007全国I）A. arrivedB. arrivesC. to arriveD. arriving原则三：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词7. As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not _____，and asked myself what I was going to do.（2007湖南卷）A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. being moved8. Peter received a letter just now _____ his grandma would come to see him soon.（07四川卷）A. saidB. saysC. sayingD. to say9. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class，he would answer carelessly，always _____ the same thing. （2006江苏卷）A. sayingB. saidC. to sayD. having said10. We often provide our children with toys，footballs or basketballs，_____ that all children like these things. （2006全国III）A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought原则四：用作结果状语时，可用现在分词或不定式，其原则区别是，一般要用现在分词，不定式用作结果状语主要用于某些特定句式中11. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day. （2007天津卷）A. to letB. lettingC. letD. having let12. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_____ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. （2005山东卷）A. have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching13. He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets had been sold out. （2006陕西卷）A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told14. He hurried to the station only_____ that the train had left. （2005广东卷）A. to findB. findingC. foundD. to have found原则五：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。