have (got)
实义动词作 谓语
I have (got) two toys. She has (got) many friends. He gets up at six o'clock every day. She likes eating chocolate every night.
(3)常用的时间状语有：always(总是；一直), often(经 常), sometimes(有时), seldom(很少), hardly ever(几乎不), never(从不), every day(每天), every week(每星期), every month(每月), every year(每年)等。
注意
若表示经过一定的计划安排之后打算做某事，
要用 be going to，而不能用 will。 My brother is going to learn English next year. 我哥哥准备明年学习英语。
(2)be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定要发生的事 情， will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。主语可以是人 也可以是物。 Look at the dark clouds！It's going to rain. 看那乌云！看来马上要下雨了。 My head hurts badly. I'm afraid I'm going to have a bad cold. 我头疼得厉害，恐怕要得重感冒了。 He will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就要 20 岁了。
(2)表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 He went to the hospital once a week last year. 去年他每周去医院一次。 She often went to school by bike when she studied there. 她在那里学习的时候，经常骑自行车去上学。
(3)用于虚拟语气句中，表示与现在事实相反的情况。 If I were you, I would take a small present. 如果我是你的话，我就会带上一件小礼物。 If I won a million dollars, I'd give it to charities. 要是我赢了一百万美元，我要把它捐给慈善机构。 注意 能改为 was。 在虚拟条件句“If I were you...”中， were 不
2.My brother works in a radio factory. 否定句：__________________________________________ 一般疑问句：________________________________________ 对划线部分提问：________________________________1．概念、句式结构及常用的时间状语 (1)概念：一般过去时表示过去某个时间所发生的动作 或存在的状态。
(2)句式结构(肯定句)有以下四种：
句式结构 was/were＋ 表语 there was/were had(got) 例 句 She was a beautiful girl ten years ago. Her father was on business. There was a schoolbag on the desk. There were five people in my family.
动词的时态和语态
一、动词的时态
考点一
一般现在时
1．概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语 (1)概念：一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性发生的 动作或存在的状态。
(2)句式结构(肯定句)有以下四种：(对应一般现在时)
句式结构 am/is/are＋ 表语 there is/are 例 句 She is a beautiful girl. Her father is always on business. There is a schoolbag on the desk. There are five people in my family.
(2)描述现在的状态、能力、性格等。 She is very tired now. 她现在很累。 He speaks Russian very well. 他俄语讲得非常好。
(3)描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实等。 The light travels faster than the sound. 光比声音传播得快。 The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 注意 在宾语从句中，即使主句是一般过去时，但
Diana, together with her friends, Chinese in China. A． study C． studies 答案： C B． have studied D． are studying
3．一般现在时的用法小结 (1)表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态，常 与表频度的时间状语连用。 My mother often does housework. 我妈妈经常做家务。 My father goes to work every day. 我爸爸每天都去上班。
2．第三人称单数的构成方式 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单 数形式，其变化规则同名词变复数。 (1)直接在词尾加s。 swim→swims, work→works, travel→travels，play→ plays, leave→leaves
(2)以字母 s，x，ch，sh，o 结尾的，在词尾加es。 pass → passes, fix → fixes, teach → teaches ， wash → washes, go→goes, do→does (3)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，变 y 为 i 加es。 study→studies, fly→flies, cry→cries, carry→carries
I had (got) two toys. She had (got) many friends. 实义动词作 He got up at six o'clock yesterday. She ate chocolate last night. 谓语
(3)常用的时间状语有： yesterday(昨天), the day before yesterday(前天 ), last week( 上星期 ), last month(上个月 ), last year(去年), two days ago(两天前), three years ago(三 年前), in 2001(在 2001 年), just now(刚才)等。
考点三
一般将来时
1．概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语 (1)概念：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状 态。
(2)句式结构(肯定句)有以下三种：
句式结构 will/shall＋动词原形 例 句 They will have a good time. We are going to take an be going to＋动词原形 exam. be doing(进行时态表示将来) The bus is coming.
从句表示客观真理、客观存在或科学事实时，从句依然用 一般现在时。
The teacher told us that the earth is round yesterday. 昨天老师告诉我们地球是圆的。 (4)在时间、 条件状语从句中， 用一般现在时表示将来。 I want to be a policeman when I grow up in the future. 我将来长大了要当一名警察。 I'll ring you up if he comes back tomorrow. 如果他明天回来，我会给你打电话。
句型转换 1. The children had a good time in the park. 否定句：__________________________________________ 一般疑问句：________________________________________ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________
— Excuse me, look at the sign NO PHOTOS! —Sorry, I ________ it. A．don't see C．haven't seen 答案：B B．didn't see D．won't see
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1.My daughter___ (watch) TV every day. Sometimes she ___ __ (see) a film on Sunday. 2.Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month. 3. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. 4．Li Wei__ (have) a daughter. She___（stay）in a nursery（托儿所）. 5.Her mother ______ (teach) English at a middle school. 6.He ___ (say) that Prof. Li ___ (be) tired. 7. I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.
2．一般将来时的用法小结 (1)be going to 和 will 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状 态，主语一般为人。 We're going to have a meeting to discuss the plan. 我们打算开会讨论这个计划。 She will reach here at five o'clock this afternoon by car. 今天下午五点她将乘车到达这里。