陪审团制度
• Definition • The jury system, refers to the specific number of voting citizens to participate in the decision whether to prosecute the guilty suspect, whether the system. The United States of America law, every adult citizen of the United States has served as jury duty. But under the age of 21, not in the local residential, doesn't know English and listening defective person, person who has criminal record, not qualified to serve as jurors.
Modern
• After the modern, the United States of America carried out a series of reform of jury system. First, members of the jury, gradually open to women and blacks, rejection of gender and race down. Secondly, the number of the jury in history is 12 people, after the reform of composition according to the number of states in the 612 world. Again, change the ruling principle of the jury. The jury is a unanimous principle, now most of the applications. Through the reform, the jury system in the United States has been better than british. According to statistics, the United States each year by a jury trial cases, accounting for the world's total annual case 90%.
Development
• With the modern jury system originated in the uk. As the British colonial expansion, the jury system to the United States of America, and to become a major lawsuit system. In 1635, Virginia established the grand jury system. The grand jury is responsible for the charges of criminal cases and the investigation of crime, and decide whether to transfer the case to the court. In 1641, "provisions of Massachusetts freedom agenda" in civil cases, the parties may choose the judge or jury trial. After the victory of the war of independence, the judge and jury functions from the beginning, a jury ruled that the facts of the case, the judge is responsible for how to apply the law. Subsequently, the jury rights enshrined in the Seventh Amendment to the constitution.
Juror
• The jury system, refers to the specific number of voting citizens to participate in the decision whether to prosecute the guilty suspect, whether the system. The United States of America law, every adult citizen of the United States has served as jury duty. But under the age of 21, not in the local residential, doesn't know English and listening defective person, person who has criminal record, not qualified to serve as jurors. • On the surface, it seems as long as it is within the court jurisdiction, the United States citizens aged over eighteen, can be when the jury, but in fact it is not so simple.
• First, and the case is relevant personnel, including associated with the plaintiff or the defendant shall not selected. Primary jury, the judge to justice, so that the jury can truly represent the most common sense of the people, his choice from the polling station to vote list or the phone number of the random selection. Used to create a great sensation in the Simpson case, the jury's primary to elect a total of three hundred and four candidates, this is because after the primaries, and a strict screening, is mainly to eliminate some due to environment and experience caused by the psychological tendency of candidate, to avoid possible unfair judgment.
• A jury in this period of time, on food store to buy food, have the bailiff to follow, to ensure that they do not contact with the outside world. Before the end of the case, and handed over to their decision, the jury can not communicate and discuss the case. In short, everything is in order to make them not be emotional from all walks of life and influence of non - evidence, in order to maintain a fair decision. Can say, in this period of time, the degrees of freedom of the jury of the suspect in the case is even smaller than. • The American jury system, there are many disputes. In the United States in the judicial system looks is the weakest link. The jury random sampling to people, all kinds of different color, race, there is no industry or industry, regardless of knowledge culture. In the United States, the most powerful is the legal team
• In general case, the jury can usually be home. However, if the case caused a sensation, it must isolate them. In this way, all the information they get,o forensic evidence, not affected by the press speculation and illegal evidence in judgement. Since the jury was sworn in, they can know far less than the general public. They were allowed to know something only judge that they can hear and see. The jury can not read the newspaper, can not watch TV news, things so the court occurred, such as lawyer, held a press conference, the victim's family's statement and so on, all of them know nothing at all.