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7、省略句

The first treatment would require a minimum of 48 hours, while the second treatment would require only 26 hours. 第一次处理最少需要48小时，而第二次处理只需要26 小时。
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Dynamics is the study of forces and their effects on the motions of bodies. The cause of acceleration is a force exerted by some external agent or environment. The fundamental properties of force and the relationship between force and acceleration are given by Newton’s three laws of motion. The first of these laws describes the natural state of motion of a free body on which no external forces are acting, whereas the other two laws deal with the behavior of bodies under the influence of force.
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1. Contents 2. Exams
Classroom participation :50% ; Final exam : 50%
3. Suggestions for You
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英语分类
公共英语
（Ordinary English、Common English、 General English ）
English of Science and Technology
专业英语
Lecturer: Zhe Li Email: Zheli@
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课程的目的及任务1、 扩大词汇 Nhomakorabea,尤其是专业词汇 2、 巩固语法知识 3、 提高阅读科技文章的水平
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教学基本要求

1、能顺利阅读物理学有关专业的原版教科书、参 考书及其他参考资料，能掌握其中心大意，抓住主 要事实和有关细节。 2、对其中重要的论著和文献等材料能正确理解、 抓住要点，并对其内容进行分析、推理、判断和综 合概括 3、阅读速度达到每分钟70词。能运用简洁的专业 英语进行初步交流 4、能写作简单的专业语句，能正确无误地写作论 文的英文摘要。
句中associated with food breakdown是分词短语修饰chemicals,
being included in Packaging materials也是分词短语修 饰antibodies, to produce color changes是表示目的的不 定式短语,clearly indicating the freshness of the food是 分词短语修饰changes。


这是属于应用文的新闻文体，其特点是简明扼要，短小 精悍，结构紧凑，笔锋犀利。上述这则电讯只有一个句 子，却把一场球赛描绘得淋漓尽致，富于吸引力。
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科技文体

The range of a voltmeter may be extended by means of a series resistor called a multiplier as shown in Fig.2. The full-scale reading of the meter alone may be 15volts.With the multiplier 250volts may be required to move the pointer to full-scale, 135 volts across the multiplier and 15volts across the meter. 从上述的一段科技文章，不难看出其文体与修辞手段 与前面列举的文艺小说，新闻报道等迥然不同。科技 文体崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻辑性强，行文简练， 重点突出，句式严整，少有变化，常用前置性陈述， 即在句中将主要信息尽量前置，通过主语传递主要信 息。
可以省略为: The first treatment would require a minimum of 48 hours, the second only 26 hours.
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------ [If(it is)] alloyed with tin，copper forms a series of alloys which are known as bronze.
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3、专业术语多，许多词汇只在本专业使用. 如 cold boot, circuit diagram、 energy band。

4、半专业词汇较多，介于公共与专业之间，不 同专业词汇含义不同. 如 driver，司机、驱动源、驱动器 operation 〔机械〕操作 〔军事〕作战 〔计〕 运算 〔医〕手术 carrier 〔机械〕托架、底盘〔军事〕 航空母 舰 〔半导体〕载流子〔医〕带毒者 〔通信〕 载波 〔航天〕运载工具 、火箭 〔日常〕搬运工（车、 船）
而且，如果线圈中放一个铁芯，它的电感
将比没有铁芯的线圈的电感大。 此句than引导一个比较状语从句。
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2、专业英语长句多。一个句子除主句外，往往 在句中穿插许多从句和分词、不定式非谓语形式。
例如：
Finally looking into the future, it is possible to see the development of antibodies to chemicals associated with food breakdown being included in packaging materials to produce color changes clearly indicating the freshness of the food．
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Specialized
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文学文体

She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and an innocent, diffident manner. Her eyes were large and patient, and in them dwelt such a shadow of distress as only those who have looked sympathetically into the countenances of the distraught and helpless poor know anything about.
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常见省略句型


As already discussed As noted later If any (anything) If convenient If necessary If possible If required If not If so When in use When necessary When needed Where possible
那妇人生着一副绵软多肉(软弱丰满)的体格，一张坦 率开诚的面容，一种天真羞怯的神气。一双落落大方 的柔顺眼睛，里边隐藏着无穷的心事，只有那些对于 凄惶无告的穷苦人面目作过同情观察的人才看得出来。 五十一个词的片断,就运用了十个形容词,占五分之一。 "and in them dwelt such a shadow of distress"是非常 优美生动的文学语言，译文保持了一风格。
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新闻文体

MONTREAL-Clark Johns accomplished a spectacular debut for his NHL career tonight, the first score launching a four-point first period out burst, to lead the Johnson City High Hats to a 6:4 victory over the Montreal Teals and their eighth consecutive game without a loss. [蒙特利尔电]在全国曲棍球联赛中克拉克约翰斯今晚初 试锋芒，引起轰动。上半场领先四分，首开记录。克拉 克发挥中坚作用，约翰逊市高帽队终以6:4击败蒙特利 尔市小鸭队，创造了连胜八场未负一场的战绩。

如果将铜与锡熔合,就能形成叫做青铜的一系列合金
由关联词that或which引导的定语从句，可将 关联词和从句谓语中的助动词一并省略。如上句 中的which可予省略，留下作定语用的分词 "known as bronze";并且还可进一步省略成: ------ Alloyed with tin，copper forms a bonze. 用锡合金化，铜就形成青铜。
专业英语
（Specialized English、Professional English、 English for Special Science and Technology）
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It all began on New Year’s Day in my
thirty-second year of being single. Once again I found myself on my own and going to my mother’s annual turkey curry buffet. Every year she tries to fix me up with some … … …