lesson 40who's who一、单词讲解 New words and expressionshoax n./v. 骗局，戏弄（狼来了）A false warning of danger, mischievous trick played on sb for a jokea peace hoax of America 美国的和平骗局a bomb hoax 声称有炸弹的骗局hoax call : a telephone call that gives false information 电话骗局eg. Dickey’s private collection of modern paintings was nothing but a hoax. coax v.(耐心地)说服to persuade sb to do sth that one is not willing to do by talking to him in a kind, gentle, and patient waycoax sb into doing sthcoax sb out of doing stheg. The mother coaxed the baby into a sound sleep.fool n/vmake a fool of sbeg. He is no fool.eg. He is nobody’s fool.eg. Their strong accent couldn’t fool a native speaker.当地人一听就知道他们是外地的。
trick n./v.1) 戏法，把戏，圈套magic trick 魔术2）诡计，圈套，恶作剧play a trick on sb 对某人搞恶作剧a dirty trick/a rotten trick 恶意的玩笑trick sb into doing sth 骗，坑（to deceive someone in order to get sth from him or to make him do sth）eg. Mum tricked me into taking the medicine.trick sb out of stheg. The corporation was tricked out of $20 million.snow v. (吹牛)哄骗，蒙骗to persuade someone to believe or support sth especially by lying to them eg. I was snowed by his smooth manners and wild stories.我被他那彬彬有礼的举止和胡编乱造的谎言所蒙蔽。
eg. He is giving me the business.（捉弄人）deception n.骗局self-respecting adj. 自重的self-taught adj.自学的self-confidence ←→ self-distrusteg. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the hear and turns the spirit back to dust.忧虑，恐惧和不自信会挫折信心，消弱斗志。
self-reliant adj. 自力的self-contained 独立自足的，设施独立的a self-contained flat 独立的公寓self-sacrifice 自我牺牲indulge v.沉迷于…to let yourself do or have sth that you enjoy, especially sth that is considered bad for youindulge oneself in 尽情享用eg. I indulged myself in a short sleep on a cold, wretched winter day.在一个寒冷的冬日，我让自己舒舒服服地睡了一小会儿。
eg. I indulge myself in a plate of strawberries.eg. Many old people indulge in reminiscences of their youth.许多上了年纪的人都沉溺于年轻时的往事回忆之中。
abandon oneself to sth 放纵，放肆，尽情to feel an emotion so strongly that you let it control you completelyeg. He abandon himself to grief 他不胜悲痛。
abandon oneself to alcohol 酗酒take to sb/take to doing sth1)like sb/doing sth 开始喜欢上…eg. He took to her at the first sight.2)to start doing sth as a habit 开始有…习惯，开始上瘾eg. All this bad news is enough to make him take to drinking.就这个坏消息足以让他借酒消愁。
eg. I have taken to getting up at 6 and going jogging.take fond of the cup 贪杯eg. He has the sun very strong in his eyes! 他喝的酩酊大醉。
get dead drunk 酩酊大醉/get pie-eyed/drink oneself sillypneumatic adj.气动的worked or driven by compressed airpn---(from Latin)pneumatic drill 风钻pneumatic tires 充气轮胎pneumatic pump 气泵pneumonia 肺炎silly adj.1) not sensible 愚昧的，愚蠢的，不明智的a silly thing to do做了一件蠢事，说了一句蠢话/a silly thing to sayeg. I left my keys at home, which was a pretty silly thing to do.2) 无聊的，没有意义的play a silly joke on sb 同某人开无聊的玩笑3) not practical 不实用的a silly hat4) senseless 头昏眼花，昏倒drink oneself sillyknock sb silly 一拳把某人打晕advance v./n./ adj.1) to move forward 向前eg. The troops advanced on the enemy.部队朝敌军开进。
2)to develop and improve 发展，提升eg. A month has passed and the investigation has not advanced.一个月过去了,调查毫无进展。
1)give someone money before they have earned it 预支（薪水）eg. He begged his boss to advance him a salary for a month.in advance ; before, beforehandbook a table in advanceahead of time/ahead of schedule 提前(earlier than planned)make preparations in advance 预先做好准备/make preparations in anticipation/make preparations in readinessadvance adj.given or made in advanceadvance planning 预先计划advance warning 预先警告advance booking 预定advance payment 预付款advance information 事先通报advance party 先遣队advance troops 先头部队an advance agent 先遣人员，打前站的advanced adj. 高深的，先进的advanced Englishadvanced weaponadvanced in years 年事已高remonstrate v.规劝，劝诫，抗议，对…提出不满(formal) to tell someone that you strongly disapprove what he has said or done; make a protest againstremonstrate with sb about/on/upon/over stheg. His parents remonstrated with him about his bad habits.eg. The police remonstrated with the careless driver who won’t listen to reason. remonstrate against cruelty to children 抗议对儿童施以暴行demonstrate v.1) to show sth clearly by giving proofs or exampleseg. Recent findings clearly demonstrated that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture.2) to march through the streets with a large group of people in order to protest against sth openlydemonstrate against 游行反抗eg. Large crowds demonstrated outside the American embassy against racial discrimination.illustrate v. （用实物，图片）解释，说明to be an example which shows that sth is trueeg. The teacher illustrates his lesson with a map.a beautifully illustrated book 插图设置非常漂亮的一本书。