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专业英语考试内容

专业英语期末复习资料一、单词Geoscience 地球科学Monitor 监控,监测Forestry 林产,林地Geology地质学Geographical 地理学的,地理的Navigation 导航Cadastre 地籍,地籍图Cadastral surveying 地籍测量Sensor 传感器Manipulate 操作,使用Geophysics 地球物理学Oceangraphy 海洋学Geomatics 测绘学Geodesy 大地测量学Surveying and mapping 测绘Photogrammetry 摄影测量学Global positioning system 全球定位系统Satellite positioning 卫星定位Remote sensing 遥感Artificial 人造的Geographic information systems 地理信息系统Land management 土地管理Computer graphics 计算机图形学Chart 图表 Dimensional 空间的Fieldwork 野外工作Category 种类,类别Permanent 永久的,持久的Theodolite 经纬仪Spheroid 球状体Diameter 直径Equator 赤道Latitude 纬度Longitude 经度Meridian 子午线Gravity 中立Gravity filed 重力场Analytical geometry 解析几何Triangle 三角形Geoid 大地水准面Backsight 后视Foresight 前视Refraction 折光,折射Geodetic surveying 大地测量学Plane surveying 平面测量Control surveying 控制测量Topographic survey 地形测量Detail survey 碎步测量Land survey 土地测量Pipe survey 管道测量City survey 城市测量Marine survey 海洋测量Mine survey 矿山测量Geological survey 地质测量Telescope 望远镜Topographic 地势的Terrain 地形Infrared 红外线的Airborne 空气传播的,空降的Distance measurement 距离测量Intersect相交,交叉Zenith天顶顶点Compass 指南针Clockwise顺时针方向的Counterclockwise 反时针方向的Azimuth方位,方位角Elevation angle 高度traverse导线Triangulation 三角测量Control network 控制网Control point 控制点Forward intersection 前方交会Resection 后方交会Reference datum 参考基面Triangulation network 三角网Huanghai vertical datum of 1956 1956黄海高程系统National vertical datum of 1985 1985国家高程基准Level 水准仪Optical level 光学水准仪Electronic level 电子水准仪Laser level 激光水准仪Prism棱镜 Geodetic instrument大地测量仪器Electronic theodolite电子经纬仪Total station 全站仪Geometric 几何的,几何学的Law of probability 概率论Theory of error 误差理论True error 真误差Observation 观测误差Instrumental error 仪器误差Error distribution 误差分布Variance 方差Personal error 人为误差Systematic error 系统误差Calibrate 校准Random error,accident error 随机误差Statistical 统计的,统计学的Adjustment 平差,调整Parameter 参数Least squares method 最小二乘法Least-squares adjustment 最小二乘平差Geodetic network 大地网Adjustment of observations , survey adjustment测量平差Orthogonal正交的Mean sea level(MSL)平均海水面Reference ellipsoid 参考椭球Geodetic reference system 1980 1980大地测量参考系统Geodetic coordinate system 大地坐标系统geodetic latitude 大地纬度Geodetic longitude 大地经度World geodetic system of 1984 1984世界大地坐标系Xi‘an geodetic coordinate system 1980 1980西安坐标系Map projection 地图投影Normal projection 正轴投影Universal transverse mercator 通用横轴墨卡托投影Gravity measurement重力测量Law of universal gravitation 万有引力定律Absolute gravity measurement 绝对重力测量Optimization 最佳化Relative gravity measurement 相对重力测量Engineering survey 工程测deformation monitoring(observation) 变形监测Precision 精度二、缩写:Coarse/Acquisition Code C/A码differential GPS (DGPS) 差分GPSdigital terrain model(DTM) 数字地面模型digital elevation model(DEM) 数字高程模型digital orthophoto map(DOM) 数字正射影像图Geodetic reference system 1980 1980(IRS80)国际大地参考系统Geodetic reference system of 1980 1980(GRS80)大地测量参考系Geographic information systems(GIS) 地理信息系统Golbal positioning system(GPS) 全球定位系统Ground-based control complex(GCC) 地面控制部分LDAR(light detection and ranging) 激光探测和测距National vertical datum of 1985 1985国家高程基准Position and orientation system(POS) 定位与定向系统Precise positioning service(PPS) 精密定位服务Real-time kinematic(RTK) 实时动态定位 Remote sensing(RS)遥感SAR(synthetic aperture radar)合成孔径雷达Selective availability(SA) 选择可用性 Mean sea level (MSL) 平均海水面Standard positioning service(SPS) 标准定位服务System control center(SCC)系统控制中心Triangular irregular network(TIN) 不规则三角网Universal transverse mercator (UTM) 通用横轴墨卡托投影World geodetic system 1984(WGS-84) 1984世界大地坐标系Xi‘an geodetic coordinate system 1980 1980西安坐标系三、翻译:1.Such information has been directly applied to culture,propagation,education,traffic,security,government affairs and commercial affairs in national economy,as well as industrial and agricultural production and people’s life.这样的信息已直接应用于文化,传播,教育,交通,安全,政府事务和商业事务在国民经济,以及工农业生产和人民生活当中。

2. In the future,digital wideband satellite communication system andrelay system will be developed to realize network(telephone ,TV,computer and wireless network)consolidation,which will play asignificant role in both military and civilian applications.在未来,数字宽带卫星通信系统、中继系统将实现网络(电话,电视,电脑和无线网络)合并,这将在军事和民用领域发挥重要作用。

3. A space vehicle moves according to a given orbit or law and isnavigated,guided and controlled based on information.空间飞行器根据给定的轨道和规律移动,并且空间飞行器的导航,制导和控制都是基于信息实现的。

4. The basic principle is to measure the parameters such as three-dimensional coordinates(X,Y,Z) and velocity⋯of the vehicle in realtime,then,with reference to these parameters perform orbit tracking and prediction and flight control。

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