《中国组织工程研究》 Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
脱细胞脂肪组织制备：能否成为异体注射或原位成脂的软组织填充物 ·综述·
聂佳莹，易阳艳，朱元正(南昌大学第二附属医院整形美容科，江西省南昌市 330006)
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2213
摘要 背景：通过脱细胞脂肪组织构建无种子细胞的组织工程脂肪为当前软组织填充的研究热点。 目的：探讨近年来脱细胞脂肪组织的制备方法对其移植后诱导脂肪再生效果的影响，并展望其临床应用前景。 方法：检索 1971 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月 PubMed 数据、Elsevier 数据库相关文献，英文检索词为“adipose tissue engineering；adipose tissue extracellular matrix；soft tissue repair；angiogenesis；adipogenic induction”。阅读近年国内外与脱细胞脂肪组织制备和移植相关的文献，从脱细胞脂肪组织制备方法的改良， 交联细胞因子和生物材料等方面进行总结归纳。 结果与结论：当前研究表明，脂肪组织细胞外基质可作为软组织填充的理想支架材料，植入皮下可募集宿主 干细胞并诱导期增殖和成脂分化。但现有的脱细胞方案会导致细胞外基质蛋白和结构的损失，这极大的影响 了脱细胞脂肪组织植入体内的脂肪再生能力，但通过超临界二氧化碳设备脱油、机械力预处理、交联细胞因 子或生物材料等手段可以减少脱细胞脂肪组织制备过程中细胞外基质蛋白的损失和或补充具有促进组织再生 功能的蛋白，最终提高脱细胞脂肪组织移植后的血管和脂肪新生能力。脱细胞脂肪组织由于其天然的成脂诱 导能力，在脂肪组织工程中具有强大的应用前景，若能克服其制备流程中细胞外基质蛋白损耗或在安全可控 的前提下，有望成为可异体注射并原位成脂的理想软组织填充物。 关键词： 脂肪组织工程；脂肪组织细胞外基质；软组织修复；血管新生；成脂诱导 中图分类号：R446；R496；R318 基金资助： 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81660326)，项目负责人：易阳艳；江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20171ACB20037)， 项目负责人：易阳艳
ORCID: 0000-0002-9784-2874(聂佳莹)
文章快速阅读：
文章描述— (1)与合成或生物聚合物的支架相比，脱细胞脂肪组织的主要优点是其天然的成脂诱导特性，可以诱
导脂肪干细胞向脂肪组织定向分化； (2)文章总结了近 10 年脱细胞脂肪组织的制备方案，为后续学者研究脱细胞脂肪组织带来便利。
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文章编号:2095-4344(2020)11-01762-07
NIE JY, YI YY, ZHU YZ. Acellular adipose tissue preparation: a soft-tissue filler allowing for allogeneic injection or in situ adipogenesis? Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2020;24(11):1762-1768. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2213
Abstract BACKGROUND: Construction of seedless tissue-engineered adipose tissue from acellular adipose tissue is a hot research topic in soft tissue filling. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of preparation methods of acellular adipose tissue on the induction of adipose regeneration after transplantation in recent years, and to look forward to its clinical application prospects. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed and Elsevier databases was performed to retrieve papers
Nie Jiaying, Master candidate, Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
制备：
脱
应用前景：
(1)通过超临界二氧化碳设备脱油、机械
细
(1)脱细胞因子或生物材料
胞
成脂诱导能力，在脂肪组织工程
等手段可以减少脱细胞脂肪组织制备
脂
中具有强大的应用前景；
过程中细胞外基质蛋白的损失和或补
肪
(2)若能克服其制备流程中细胞外
充具有促进组织再生功能的蛋白；
Acellular adipose tissue preparation: a soft-tissue filler allowing for allogeneic injection or in situ adipogenesis?
Nie Jiaying, Yi Yangyan, Zhu Yuanzheng (Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China)
regarding acellular adipose tissue preparation and transplantation published between January 1971 and December 2018 with the search terms “adipose tissue engineering; adipose tissue extracellular matrix; soft tissue repair; angiogenesis; adipogenic induction”. The retrieved papers were summarized from the perspectives of improvement in preparation methods of acellular adipose tissue, cross-linking cytokines and biomaterials. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Retrieved studies have shown that extracellular matrix of adipose tissue can act as an ideal scaffold material for soft tissue filling. Subcutaneous implantation of extracellular matrix of adipose tissue can recruit host stem cells and induce their proliferation and adipogenesis. However, existing acellular schemes can lead to the loss of extracellular matrix proteins and structures. This greatly affects the fat regeneration ability of acellular adipose tissue implanted in vivo. However, supercritical carbon dioxide deoiling, mechanical pretreatment, cross-linking cytokines or biomaterials can reduce the loss of extracellular matrix proteins and supplement the proteins that promote tissue regeneration during the preparation of acellular adipose tissue. This can ultimately enhance the angiogenesis and adipogenesis of acellular adipose tissue after transplantation. Acellular adipose tissue has strong application prospects in adipose tissue engineering because of its natural adipogenic induction ability. If the loss of extracellular matrix protein can be overcome during preparation of acellular adipose tissue or under the premise of safety and controllability, acellular adipose tissue is expected to become a suitable soft tissue filler that allows allogeneic injection and in situ adipogenesis. Key Words: adipose tissue engineering; adipose tissue extracellular matrix; soft tissue repair; angiogenesis; adipogenic induction Funding: the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81660326 (to YYY); the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, No. 20171ACB20037 (to YYY)