选修八Unit2 CloningPeriod2 Language points词汇详解：1. differv. 不同；相异；使...相异常用结构：A differs fromB in ...A与B在...方面不同A differs withB about/on/over... A与B就...意见相左Their house differs from mine in having no garage.他们的房子与我的不同，区别在于他们的没有车库。
The two sides still differ with each other over the question of pay.双方在报酬的问题上仍各持己见。
联想拓展difference n. 不同之处different adj. 不同的make a difference to 对...产生变化；对什么有…影响different from 与...不同，不同于练习：用适当的介词填空（原创）1.The two squares differ colour but not size.2.The husband differs the wife who is to take charge of the money.3.It doesn’t make a difference me whether you are going to stay.4.This is a different car the one I drove yesterday.答案：1.in; in 2.with; on/about/over 3.to 4.from2. undertakevt.（undertook;undertaken）着手;从事;承担；保证，答应常用结构：undertake sth. 着手/从事/承担某事undertake to do sth. 保证/答应做某事undertake that ...保证...The scientist undertakes the experiment.这位科学家从事这项实验。
I can undertake the responsibility for the changes. 我愿意承担这些变革的责任。
The lawyer undertook a new case.那个律师接了一个新的案子。
He undertook to finish the job by Friday.他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。
练习：翻译句子（原创）①他下个月要去西部旅行。
②我不能保证按时做完它。
Key：He will undertake a journey to the west next month.I can’t undertake that I’ll finish it on time.3. objectionn. 不赞成；反对；异议常用结构：have an objection to ... 反对...raise/voice an objection 提出异议联想拓展object v. 反对，不赞成 n. 物体;目标object to sb./sth. 不赞成某人/某事object to doing sth. 反对做某事object that ... 反对...object to doing sth.反对做某事。
No one objected to the plan.没有人反对这项计划。
We object to being treated like this.我们反对受到这样的待遇。
Why do some people object to human cloning?为什么一些人反对克隆人类呢？Mother objected that Jimmy was too weak to take up the job.母亲反对说，吉米身体太虚弱，不能承担那份工作。
The building is the main object of his interest.他最感兴趣的是这栋建筑物。
练习：单项填空We to punishing a whole group for one person’s fault.plainB. objectC. opposeD. resist答案解析：选B。
句意为：我们反对因为一个人的错误而惩罚整体。
4. obtain vt. 获得；赢得易混辨析 :obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieveobtain意为“获得，买到”。
指通过努力或请求而得到，含有满足要求或得达到目的的意味，用于正式语体中。
acquire意为“经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于表示对财物等的获得”，强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。
gain意为“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等”。
earn意为“挣得，赢得”，指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。
achieve意为“得到；获得”，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。
He failed to obtain a scholarship.他没有获得奖学金。
I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.我终于设法弄到了这个报告的副本。
We should try to acquire good habits.我们应该努力养成好习惯。
He found it easy to earn extra money.他发现赚点额外收入很容易。
But we can only achieve it together.然而，只有共同奋斗才能实现它。
练习：翻译句子（原创）①The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts.②Knowledge can be obtained through study.答案：那位新闻记者立即着手获取这些重要的事实。
知识可通过学习获得。
5. forbidvt. (forbade/forbad; forbidden) 禁止；不准；阻止；妨碍常用结构：forbid sth./doing sth. 禁止，不许（做某事）forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事The law forbids the use of chemical fertilizers.法律禁止使用化学肥料。
I forbid you to tell anyone.我不准你告诉任何人。
练习：翻译句子（原创）1.机上禁止吸烟。
2.他爸爸不准他和她交谈。
3.要禁止小孩不玩电脑游戏很难。
答案：Smoking is forbidden on the plane.His father forbade him to talk to her.It is hard to forbid children to play computer games.6. owevt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；应该把...归功于...；感激，感恩常用结构：owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠(某人)债owe sth. to sb./sth.将某事物归因或归功于某人/事He owes his father ￡50.= He owes ￡50 to his father.他欠他父亲50英镑。
We owe this discovery to Newton.我们把这一发现归功于牛顿。
练习：用适当的介词填空（原创）①How much do I owe you the groceries?②He owes his success more luck than ability.③I owe a lot my wife and children.答案：①for②to; to③ to7. resist vt.抵抗；对抗常用结构：resist sth. 抵制；阻挡某事resist doing sth. 反对做某事can’t resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事The nation was unable to resist the invasion.该国无力抵抗侵略。
A healthy body resists disease.健康的身体能抵御疾病。
I could hardly resist laughing.我忍不住笑了。
联想扩展：resistance n. 抵抗，反抗；抵抗力resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的be resistant to sb./sth.对某人/某事有抵抗力resister n. 抵制者；抗拒者；电阻器高手过招练习：翻译句子（原创）1.He resisted being carried off.2.She can not resist the temptation of chocolate答案：1.他阻挡别人把他带走。
2.她无法抗拒巧克力的诱惑。
8. pay off得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动语态)；偿清债款；付清工资解雇；(对...进行)报复；收买(某人)At last, his hard work paid off.最后，他的努力得到了回报。
Did your plan pay off?你的计划成功了吗?联想拓展pay for付...的钱；为...而付出代价pay back sth./pay sb. back sth. 偿还某物/偿还某人某物pay sb. ...for sth. 因某事而付给某人...pay sb. ...to do sth. 付给某人...去做某事pay sb. back for sth. 向...报复高手过招练习：（1）单项填空If you go for a long ride in a friend’s car, it’s the custom to offer to some of the expenses.A. payB. pay offC. pay forD. pay back（2）用pay的相关短语填空（原创）①After ten years of hard working she finally her debt.②Our efforts are sure to .③Have you the milkman this week?④Have you the money the bank yet?⑤I will you next week.答案及解析：(1)解析：选C。
根据句意可知，这里表示为...偿付一部分费用，故选C。
pay for 为...而付钱；为...付出代价。