洛阳一高 2019-2020 学年第二学期英语周测试卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读短文，从每题所给的选项中，选出最佳选项。

AThe things that kids choose to play with can impact our Earth. The manufacturingof toys and games can produce harmful pollution and non-biodegradable（不可生物降解的）waste, which is harmful for our planet. But some toymakers are creating items for kids that aim higher. They use natural or non-harmful materials, and find ways to reuse and recycle. Toys and kits (成套工具) can also teach kids about environmentally friendly solutions. Here are a few of our favorite low-impact,high-fun toys.Test the watersWater is Earth's most precious natural resource. Many people take it for granted,but not everybody in the world has access to clean water. Learn about the science behind one solution with Thames & Kosmos' Global Water Quality Experiment Kit. The kit comes with tools and instructions for conducting eight important experiments including testing the quality of water and making dirty water cleaner. ($15)Plant tomatoesWhen communities in dry, desert regions experience drought, it impacts their agricultural practices. Learn about water preservation and grow delicious cherry tomatoes with Back to the Roots' Self-Watering Tomato Planter. It features technology that African desert farmers have been using for thousands of years: a miniature clay pot releases water, but only when the surrounding soil has dried up. ($30)Draw with veggiesWee Can Too's Veggie Sidewalk Chalk is made from fruit and vegetable powders — it's practically safe to eat! The chalk, created using environmentally friendly ingredients, has none of the chemicals found in your typical sidewalk chalk. When the rain comes and washes away your masterpiece, no harmful pollutants will be entering the environment. ($12)Create with cardboardWhen cardboard breaks down in a landfill, it creates methane, a major greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. Recycled cardboard can be transformed into a work of art with the Cardboard Tool Kit from UncommonGoods. The kit comes with 28 reusable parts for fastening cardboard pieces together. Now let your imagination go wild! ($13)1. What is special about Back to the Roots' small clay pot?A. It is very pretty.B. It is a recent invention.C. It can improve tomatoes' taste.D. It uses anti-drought technology.2. Which product needs users to be imaginative?A. Cardboard Tool Kit.B. Veggie Sidewalk Chalk.C. Self-Watering Tomato Planter.D. Global Water Quality Experiment Kit.3. What do the four products have in common?A. They are hard to use.B. They are Earth-friendly toys.C. They are good for kids' health.D. They are great choices for art-lovers.BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.Americans use more than 100 billion thin plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts . The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground todayThe industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists don't dispute （质疑）these points. They hope paper bags will be bannedsomeday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.4. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A. Help increase grocery sales.B. Recycle the waste material.C. Stop things falling off trucks.D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.5. What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Bans on plastic bags.B. Effects of city development.C. Headaches caused by garbage.D. Plastic bags hung in trees.6. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A. They are quite expensive.B. Replacing them can be difficult.C. They are less strong than plastic bags.D. Producing them requires more energy.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Plastic, Paper or NeitherB. Industry, Pollution and EnvironmentC. Recycle or Throw AwayD. Garbage Collection and Waste ControlCThere are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealthand other comforts of life，one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things，persons，events and the resulting effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things：thepleasant partsof conversation ，the well prepared dishes ，the goodness of the wine and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore ， they are continually dissatisfied. By their remarks ，they sour the pleasure ofsociety， offend(hurt) many people， and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn ofmind was founded in nature，such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation. It grows into a habit， unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong， but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them，and helpthem change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination，it has serious results inlife since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others；nobody loves them，and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This frequently puts them inbad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at getting some advantages insocial position or fortune，nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a stepor speak a word to favor their hopes.If they bring on themselves public objections，no one will defend or excuse them，and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings. These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing，without worrying needlessly about themselves and others.If they do not，it will be goodfor others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise，it can be disagreeable and sometimes veryinconvenient，especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.8. P eople who are unhappy .A. always consider things differently from othersB. usually are affected by the results of certain thingsC. usually misunderstand what others think or sayD. always discover the unpleasant side of certain things9. T he underlined phrase “sour the pleasure of society” in Paragraph 2 most nearly means “”.A. have a good taste with social lifeB. make others unhappyC. tend to please others openlyD. enjoy the pleasure of life 10.We can conclude from the passage that .A. we should pity all such unhappy peopleB. such unhappy people are dangerous to social lifeC. people can get rid of the habit of unhappinessD. unhappy people can not understand happy persons11. If such unhappy persons insist on keeping the habit，the author suggests that peopleshould .A. prevent any communication with themB. show no respect and politeness to themC. persuade them to recognize the bad effectsD. quarrel with them until they realize the mistakesDGive yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowerscan be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day isfilled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation, new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cold water at first.Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things.I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment tosee what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frameof mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.12. According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more .A. anxious to do wondersB. sensitive to others’ feelingsC. likely to develop unpleasant habitsD. eager to explore the world around them13. What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?A. To avoid jumping to conclusions.B. To stop complaining all the time.C. To follow the teacher’s advice.D. To admit mistakes honestly.14. The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they .A. are very patient in their observationB. are really fascinated by natureC. care only about the names of birdsD. question the accuracy of the field guides15. Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?A. The natural beauty isn’t attractive to them.B. They focus on arriving at the camp in time.C. The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.D. They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。