完成式
having done
非谓语动词在句中所作的成分
成 分 动词形式
主 语
宾 语
表 语
定 语
状 语
补 语
不定式 动名词
√
√Hale Waihona Puke √ √√√ √
√
√ √
√
√ √
√
现在分词
过去分词
动名词的句法功能
Teaching is my full-time job. Writing an English composition is not easy. It’s useless taking this kind of medicine.
动名词和不定式作表语的区别：
动名词作表语表示一般或抽象的行为； 不定式作表语往往表示具体的某次动作,特别是 将来的动作时,多用不定式. eg. My favourite hobby is jogging.
His idea is to give up the plan.
注意：现在进行时着重强调动作正在进行. eg. He is cleaning the window.
eg. We don’t allow smoking here.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
四.need, require, want + doing (主动形式表被动意义) to be done eg. The window needs/ requires/ wants cleaning. to be cleaned.
Reading a foreign language is easier than speaking (speak) it.
句型2：用It 作形式主语 习惯句型：
no use/good not any use/good of little use useless It is/was a waste of time +doing sth. worthwhile hardly worth fun 翻译： … 1.跟他争吵是没用的。It is no use arguing with him. 2.和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is fun playing with children. 3.阅读这样的书是浪费时间。 It is a waste of time reading such a book.
To smoke so much isn’t good for you.
动名词作主语。 句型1：位于句首 考点（1）谓语用单数：
Being too anxious to help an event develop often results ( result) in the contrary to our intention.(2008年广东高考题)
I regret to tell you have failed the college entrance exam.
我很遗憾地吿诉你,你高考失败了.
三.allow,advise, forbid, permit + doing
allow,advise,forbid,permit + sb. + to do
3) stop doing 停止 做某事 stop to do 停下正在做的事而去做另外一件事 Stop smoking, please. 请不要抽烟 Let's stop to have a rest. 咱们停下来休息一下吧。 4) mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着…… I meant to catch up with the early bus. 我打算赶上早班车. This means wasting a lot of money. 这意味着花很多钱.
考点（3）：
用所给词的正确形式填空： ①Seeing is believing (believe).
To see (see) is to believe. ②Living(live) is struggling.
To live is to struggle (struggle) .
③It is easier to read a foreign language than to speak (speak) it.
一.只接动名词作宾语的常见 动词(短语)有: dislike, avoid, consider, finish, suggest, deny, imagine, risk, mind, keep, miss, enjoy, fancy, admit, delay, appreciate, practise, escape, can’t help, can’t stand, give up, put off, feel like, succeed in,等
考点（2）与不定式作主语的区别
完成句子：
①读书是一门艺术。 Reading is an art. ②爬山真有趣。 Climbing mountains is really fun. ③对于商人来说，收集信息是很重要的。
Collecting information is very important to businessmen. ④这次很难拒绝他。To refuse him is not easy this time. ⑤我今天的任务是清洁这个房间。 To clean the room is my task today. 动名词：表抽象的、经常性的动作。 不定式：表具体的、一次性的、将来的动作。
句型3：There is no +doing sth.
无法 / 不能…… 英译汉：
There is no knowing what the weather will be like.
There is no telling what will happen.
作表语
My job is teaching. = Teaching is my job. Her full-time job is laying eggs. =Laying eggs is her full-time job.
动名词和不定式作主语的区别：
动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为； 不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。 eg. Playing with fire is dangerous. To play with fire will be dangerous.
Smoking is prohibited here.
九、下面这种结构中也可以用动名词(短语)构成宾语
think consider find feel like
useless + it +
S （主语） +
no use
no good
+V-ing
arguing about it I found it useless (no use )__________________. 我发现争论这件事是没有用的． trying again Do you consider it any good______________? 你觉得再试会有好处吗？
5) try to do 设法尽力做某事 try doing 试着做某事 You should try to overcome your shortcomings.
你设法尽力克服你的缺点.
Try working out the physics problem in another way.
试着用另一种方法去计算这物理难题. 6)regret to do 对要做的事表示抱歉或遗憾 regret doing 对已做过的事表示后悔 I regret spending so much money. 我后悔花了那么多钱.
注意：动名词作主语时，谓语动词一律用单数。
作主语
动名词作主语的形式主语句型
1.It is no use /good doing…. 2.It is not any use/good doing…. 3.It is worthwhile doing…. 4.It is hardly worth doing…. 5.There is no doing…. 6.It’s a waste of time doing…. eg.It’s no good telling her all the truth. It’s no use crying over the spilt milk. There is no talking what will happen. It’s a waste of time arguing about it. It is worthwhile trying this experiment.
二.某些动词接不定式与动名词作宾语的区别
1) remember to do 记住要做某事 remember doing 记得过去做过某事 I remember meeting him in the street. 我记得在街上见过他。 I remember to write a letter to my parents. 我想起来要给我父母亲写信。 2)forget to do 忘记去做某事 forget doing 忘记做过某事 I forgot to mail the letter for her. 我忘了去为她寄那封信了. I forgot writing that composition. 我忘记了写过那篇作文.
作宾语
•He keeps buying expensive maps.
•I have just finished doing my home work.
•He is fond of playing football.
•She left without telling me.