语法填空解题技巧导学案一、学习目标：1 了解新题型语法填空的命题特点、解题方法及技巧。
2 熟练掌握常考的语法点，正确运用解题思路及备考策略。
3 揭开语法填空的神秘面纱，使我们树立信心，从容应对。
二、学习重难点：掌握语法填空的解题方法及技巧。
三、教学过程Step1 Lead-in 温故知新以小见大重点思考：语篇中的10个空可以大致分为哪两类？没有提示词的纯空格题主要填了哪几类词？给出提示词的题主要考查了哪几类语法知识？One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 16_______ (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17_____ too lit tle.”His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18________ not save a bit of money?” “That would be a very 19_______ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said. Nick’s guests,20________ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt 21________ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect __22__ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldn’t 23_______ (possible) destroy a village.” “I n the beginning, there was only 24_______ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 25_______ (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”小结：语法填空题—空格设计（填上词性）纯空格17_______ 18________ 20_______ 21________22_______ 24_______除了这些，还可能会考：___________________有提示词16________ 25_________ 19________ 23_________除了这些，还可能会考：_________________________Step2 语法填空解题技巧一、纯空格题的解题技巧1.人称代词——当句子缺主语或宾语时，填人称代词［例1］Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk，but after some minutes ________ walked away and sat near me，looking annoyed.［例2］He asked his teacher，“Sir，the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like __________?”2.限定词——在名词或“形容词+名词”前, 填限定词限定词是指冠词、形容词性物主代词，或可以作定语的不定代词等。
［例3］A young man，while traveling through a desert，came across a spring of clear water. _________ water was sweet.［例4］The young man went home with a happy heart. After the student left，the teacher let _________ student taste the water.［例5］It is said that a short-tempered(急性子的) man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help ______ rice crop grow up quickly.3.介词——句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。
此时，要根据搭配的需要或句意的需要，如动词与介词的搭配，介词与后面名词的搭配等来确定填具体哪个介词。
［例6］The new boy looked at the teacher _______ a few seconds and…4. 关联词——当空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词时，填关联词。
具体填哪个关联词，由两句之间的逻辑关系来决定。
关联词包括连词和从句引导词。
［例7］He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, ______ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.[例8] I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days _______I was to return to Guangzhou.［例9］Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, ________ made her feel like a star.5.若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。
[例10]What is acceptable in one country ________be considered extremely rude in another.二、有提示词的解题技巧1.谓语动词——当句子缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词此时，要根据语境确定用哪种时态,根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态，还要考虑主谓一致，以及是否要用虚拟语气等。
［例11］“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，” Jane _____ (inform). [例12] That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined（谢绝）her invitation, ________(close) my book and walked away.2.非谓语动词——当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词,所给动词就是非谓语动词。
若是非谓语动词就要确定用doing形式，done形式，还是to do 形式。
非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。
［例10］He suddenly appeared in class one day, _______ (wear) sun glasses.［例11］Lessons________ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. ［例12］For example，the proverb, “plucking up（拔起）a crop ______ (help) it gr ow”, is based on the following story.3.比较级——当括号中所给词是形容词或副词且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，很可能填该词的比较级(或最高级)要善于分析语境，辨别省略了than…的隐性比较级。
[例16]The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could…He jumped even ______ (hard) and finally made himself out.4. 词类转化——当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转化。
我们可根据以下3点顺利解题：(1) 作主语或宾语用名词形式(2) 作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式(3) 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式［例17］His teacher took a deep drink，smiled ________ (warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.［例18］But Jane knew from past experience that her ______ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.Step3、活学活用Once, in a lovely garden, lived the most beautiful butterfly in the world. She was so pretty, and had won so many beauty competitions __16__ she had become very proud. One day, the naughty cockroach(蟑螂)got fed up with her showing off, and decided ___17___(teach) her a lesson.She went to see the butterfly, and in front of everyone she told her that she wasn’t really that beautiful, and that the butterfly only won the competitions ___18___ the judges had been paid. In ___19___ (real), the cockroach was the most beautiful. The butterfly was angry and told the cockroach, “I __20__ (beat) you in a beauty competition, with whichever judges you yourself choose.” “OK, I acce pt. See you on Saturday,” answered the cockroach, and left __21__ waiting for a reply. That Saturday everyone went to __22__ beauty competition. The butterfly arrived completely confident of victory until she saw ___23 __ the judges were: cockroaches, worms, beetles. All of __24 __ preferred the ugliness and bad smell of the cockroach.The butterfly was left __25__ (sob) and disappointed, wanting never to enter another beauty competition in her life. Fortunately, the cockroach forgave the butterfly for her pride and they became friends.Step4、自我总结一、纯空格题的解题技巧：1.当_________________时，填人称代词2.在__________________前, 填限定词3.当_________________，一定是填介词。