非谓语动词一般式：to do 主动将来目的--- to be done doing 主动进行----being donedone 被动完成完成式：to have done --- to have been done having done --- having been done 进行式：to be doing--- to be being done非谓语动词的否定式的not 在非谓语动词之前加。
做状语：分词作状语 1.分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
2. 分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。
例如：Seeing from the hill, I found that our school is beautiful.Seen from the hill, our school is beautiful.分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
Hearing the news, they got excited. (时间)Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. (原因)Given a chance, I can surprise the world. (条件)The cup dropped to the ground, breaking into pieces. (结果)Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. (让步)The teacher came into the lab, followed by / following some students. (伴随状况)to do 作状语，可以表示目的或者出乎意料的结果。
To improve my English, I intend to practice reading English texts everyday.I hurried to the airport, only to find the plane had taken off.1．Mr. Brown came in two students.A. followB. followedC. followed byD. to follow2．from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine wherever he goes.A. SufferedB. SufferingC. Having sufferedD. Being suffered3. The population of Korea is now very small, one tenth of the people living in Australia.A. made upB. to make upC. making upD. makes up4. ──Why did he make marks on some trees?── his way back easily.A. FindB. To findC. FindingD. In order to finding5. such difficult work before, he felt it was terribly hard for him.A. Not having doneB. Not have doneC. Having not doneD. Not having been done6. Once lost, ______________.A. it is hard to get such a chance again.B. to get such a chance will be difficultC. one can never get such a chance againD. such a chance might never come again7. ，tears came into his eyes.A. Moved by her wordsB. Moving by her wordsC. He was moved by her wordsD. Because he was moved by her words8. Yesterday, I called you, you some information on computer.A. askedB. askingC. and askD. to ask9. ____his father, Wang Lin entered the room, ____ by his two brothers.A. Follow, followB. Following; followC. Followed; followingD. Following; followed10. The young man rushed out of the room, _____ into his car and started it hurriedly, ___ to get home as soon as possible.A. got; hopedB. getting; and hopedC. got; hopingD. getting; hoped11. , all the students shouted and jumped with joy.A. To be excitedB. Having been excitedC. ExcitingD. Being excited12. from the moon, the earth looks like a water-covered globe.A. WatchingB. LookedC. SeenD. Seeing13. the seriousness of pollution, all countries in the world have made an agreement that they will fight against it together.A. RealizedB. Having realizedC. To realizeD. Realizing14. Jenny went to the reading room, the door .A. finding…lockedB. found…lockedC. to find…being lockedD. and found…locking15. her accent, she must be from Northeast China.A. Judge byB. Judged byC. Judged fromD. Judging from16. by the story in the movie, we could not help tears.A. Deeply moved…shed （流下）B. Moved deeply…shedC. Deeply moved…sheddingD. Moved deeply…shedding17. _____ his age, the little boy read quite well.A. ConsideringB. ConsideredC. ConsiderD. Having considered18. — What would I need, besides a sewing-machine, a dress?—You’d have to have some material and a pair of scissors(剪刀)。
A. makeB. madeC. makingD. to make19. He tried many times to sneak across the border to a neighboring country, every time.A. having been caughtB. unfortunately caughtC. always being caughtD. only to be caught20. We are sure that everything will go well as .A. to be plannedB. plannedC. being planedD. having been planned21. time and labour, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.A. To saveB. SavedC. SavingD. Having saved22. _____ full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.A. We did not makeB. Having not madeC. We had not madeD. Not having made23. _____, the subject was always in my mind.A. Walking or sleepingB. Walking or sleptC. Having walked or sleptD. To walk and sleep24. ____ he’s only been learning English for a year, he speaks it very well.A. ConsideredB. ConsideringC. Having consideredD. To consider25. _____ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ to death.A. Seeing; frightenedB. Seeing; frighteningC. Seen; frightenD. To see; frightening26. The sun was shining brightly, _____ everything there _____ more beautiful.A. making; lookB. to make; lookedC. and made; lookingD. and making; be looked27. The dog, _____, will be made a good watchdog.A. to train properlyB. being trained properlyC. properly to trainD. trained properly28. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.A. Having stolenB. Having been stolenC. StolenD. Stealing29. ___ the front door ___, he had to enter the room through the back door.A. Seen; paintedB. Seeing; paintedC. Being seen; being paintedD. Seeing; being painted30. In January , 2004, the United States successfully launched “Spirit”, a Mars Exploration Rover, _____ a new milestone in the history of mankind.A. it markedB. markingC. markedD. to mark31. I’m examining the article he has just finished _____ the possibl e mistakes in it.A. being correctedB. to correctC. correctedD. having corrected32. Towards evening, the patient opened his mouth as if _____ something to his son.A. saidB. sayC. to sayD. to have said33. The 18-storeyed building, when _____, will shut out the sun _____ up the rooms in my house.A. completed; lightedB. completing; lightingC. completing; lightedD. completed; lighting34. ______ from the moon, our earth, with water ____ seven percent of its surface, appears as a “blue ball”. A. Seen, covered B. Seeing, covering C. Seen, covering D. To see, to cover35. After seeing the movie, ___________.A. the book was read by himB. the book made him want to read itC. he wanted to read the bookD. the reading of the book interested him36. Tom kept quiet about the accident __________ lose his job.A. so not as toB. so as not toC. so as to notD. not so as to37. __________ a reply, he decided to write again.A. Not receivingB. Receiving notC. Not having receivedD. having not received38. __________ more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given39. __________, I went to the railway station to see my friend off.A. After eating quickly my dinnerB. After my quickly eating dinnerC. After eating my dinner quicklyD. After eating my quickly dinner40. The secretary worked late into the night, __________ a long speech for the president.A. to prepareB. preparingC. preparedD. was preparing41. The old man，______ abroad for twenty years，is on the way to his motherlandA. to workB. workingC. to have workedD. having worked过去分词表状态的情况：lost , located, dressed, seated, involved in, absorbed in, determined, married, engaged, devoted to, informed, locked, based on, intended, wounded, broken Interesting/ interested, satisfying/ satisfied, exciting/ excited, boring/ bored, tiring/ tired, worrying/ worried, amusing/ amused, surprising/ surprised, frightening/ frightened, terrifying/ terrified, disappointing / disappointed1. _____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing2. Mr. Smith, ____ of the ___ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired；boringB. tiring；boredC. tired；boredD. tiring；boring3. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents ______.A. worriedB. to worryC. worryingD. worry4．Badly ,the soldier continued to fire back at the enemy.A. woundB. woundedC. woundingD. wounds5. Do you know the man _____ in the corner of the room with a notebook in his hand?A. seatB. seatedC. seatingD. to seat himself6. Last night, I saw Tom in bed, _____ in deep thought. A. lose B. losing C. lost D. to lose7. My daughter, _____ a nice young doctor two years ago, will get married next month.A. got engaged toB. got engaged inC. engaged toD. engaged in8. _____ with her son’s progress in his studies, Mrs Brown promised him a new CD the next day.A. SatisfyingB. To satisfyC. SatisfiedD. She was satisfied9. The manager promised to keep me _____ of how our business was going on.A. to be informedB. on informingC. informedD. informing10. The girl ___ in red is my second daughter.A. dressingB. dressed herselfC. dressedD. is dressing11. _____ the fantastic painting, he didn’t hear the announcement the broadcaster ______.A. Lost to, tookB. Lost in, tookC. Absorbed to, madeD. Absorbed in, made12. ________ to his research work, the professor cared little about my other things.A. DevotingB. DevotedC. Having devotedD. To devote13. ___ true events, the film follows the life of him.A. Being based onB. Basing onC. Based onD. Having based on14. I walked out of the cinema ,____ I’d never come back.A. determingB. determinedC. to determineD. determine15. In order not to be disturbed, he spent the night ____ in his room.A. lockingB. lockedC. to be lockedD. having locked16. _____ , John was afraid of meeting his neighbors.A. Dressed in ragsB. Dressing in a ragC. Wearing in ragD. Dressing in rags17. _____ in the book she was reading, Lucy failed to notice him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lose18. The boy sat on a bench, completely _____ in a novel.A. absorbingB. absorbedC. having absorbedD. to be absorbed19. the place on the map, they discussed which way they should take.A. Having locatedB. LocatingC. LocatedD. To locate20. _____ in her best suit, the girl tried to make herself _____ at the party.A. Dressed; noticedB. Dressing; noticingC. Dressed; noticingD. Dressing; noticed21. And there, almost _____ in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet. A. having lost B. losing C. to be lost D. lost22. The performance of the host, _____ to please the audience and draw their attention, was greeted with a cold silence, however.A. had intendedB. intendedC. being intendedD. to intend23. __ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped __ the beautiful scenery.A. Tiring; to admireB. Being tired; admiringC. Tired; to admireD. Tired; admiring独立主格结构:非谓语动词作状语时，如果分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，可将分词自己的逻辑主语放在前面。