investigated.
State the principal results of the investigation.
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Briefly review the pertinent literature to
orient the reader.
State the principal conclusions
浅谈科技论文写作
——武晓宇 2015.10.13
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KISS
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目录
CONTENTS
01
时态、语态
02
数字
03
避免用词
04
IMRAD
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时态和语态
时态
Whenver you state previously published findings ----present tense.
suggested by the results.
State the method of the investigation. If
deemed necessary, the reasons for the choice of a particular method
should be stated.
A miniature version of the paper, should provide a brief summary of Introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion.
Past tense, no references, no tables and 通俗易懂，不用缩略词，不创造新词 figures.
"I gave water to 3 scientists, milk to 6 scientists, and beer to 11 scientists."
"2 500-mg tablets" vs "two 500-mg tablets"
"10g was added" vs "10g were added"
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HLoOwRtEoMwrIiPteStUheMMDaOteLriOalRs &
Methods
Full details of the particular method 让同行能看懂，让人们能重复试验
passive voice
"Mice were injected with..." vs "We injected the mice with..."
Your own present work ----past tense.
Abstract, Materials and Methods, results ----past tense.
Introduction, Discussion, Tables & Figures ----present tense.
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语态
Materials & Methods ----passive voice 主动语态更简练，尤其在图表描述 时
4
数字的用法
>10 数字 ；<10 单词 有单位的 用数字 "3 ml" 句子不用数字作为开头 "Three milliliters of reagent was added"
• 不用含糊的词语，委婉的词语。pass away, suffer mortal
consequence ---- die
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IMRAD
----Introduction, materials & Methods, Results and Discussion
How to prepare the Title
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Waste words, “studies on”, “Investigations on”,
Length o“Of bthseervTaittiloens on”,
“A”, “An”, “The”.
Specific titles Action of Antibiotics on Bacteria
Syntax
Mechanism of Suppression of Nontransmissible Pneumonia in Mice Induced by Newcastle Disease Virus
8
Pneumonia--肺炎；nontransmissible--非遗传
HLoOwRtEoMprIePpSarUeMthDe OAbLsOtrRact
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避免用词
• informal language
get ---- obtain, so ---- as a result, about + number ---approximately
• long --> short "a great deal of" --> much, "acounted for by the fact" --> because
公认的句子、冗长深奥的词不要写； waste word不要写，例如“in this paper”
要有结论，结论要定量
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HLoOwRtoEwMriItPeSthUeMInDtrOodLuOcRtion ----用充分而不冗余的信息说服读者：此研究是很有必要的
Present first, with all possible clarity, the nature and scope of the problem
How to prepare the Abstract
How to prepare the IMRAD
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How to prepare the Title
Title
----The fewest possible words that adequately describe the contents of the paper
Be precise
similar to cookbook recipes
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LHOoRwEtMo wIPrSiteUtMheDROeLsuOltRs ----short and clarity
01
Two ingredients of results section