独立原则
Connecting people with technology
如下图，不管实际尺寸为多少，直线度均一样。
Materials including information and pictures presented in this document are confidential and intended solely for the person or organization to whom it is presented. It may contain privileged and confidential information. If you are not the intended audience or recipient, you should not copy, distribute or take any action in reliance on it.
Connecting people with technology
独立原则、包容原则、最大实体原则区别
Materials including information and pictures presented in this document are confidential and intended solely for the person or organization to whom it is presented. It may contain privileged and confidential information. If you are not the intended audience or recipient, you should not copy, distribute or take any action in reliance on it. All rights, including information and pictures presented in this presentation are sole properties of Amphenol-SAA
最大实体和最小实体原则
最大实体要求：指实体占有材料最多。 在最大实体状态时的尺寸；对外表面（轴、凸台等）最大实体尺寸等于最大极限尺
All rights, including information and pictures presented in this presentation are sole properties of Amphenol-SAA
独立原则
Connecting people with technology
All rights, including information and pictures presented in this presentation are sole properties of Amphenol-SAA
举例：轴径为φ10h8（0/-0.022），它的最大实体尺寸为10，最小实体尺寸为9.978；孔径为φ10H8（+0.022/0）,它的最大实体尺寸为10，最小实体尺寸为 10.022。 Connecting people with technology
适用范围：独立原则主要用于非配合用途的零件。
➢ 独立原则没有符号，图纸如果未标其他原则要求，则默认为独立原则。 ➢ 应用场合：
对形位精度要求严格，而单独加以控制而不允许受尺寸影响的要素； 形位精度要求较高，尺寸精度要求低的要素； 尺寸精度要求较高，形位精度要求低的要素； 形位与尺寸本身无必然联系的要素； 形位与尺寸均要求较低的非配合要素；未注形位公差与注出尺寸公差的要素。
Materials including information and pictures presented in this document are confidential and intended solely for the person or organization to whom it is presented. It may contain privileged and confidential information. If you are not the intended audience or recipient, you should not copy, distribute or take any action in reliance on it. All rights, including information and pictures presented in this presentation are sole properties of Amphenol-SAA
Materials including information and pictures presented in this document are confidential and intended solely for the person or organization to whom it is presented. It may contain privileged and confidential information. If you are not the intended audience or recipient, you should not copy, distribute or take any action in reliance on it.
Connecting people with technolog尺寸公差与形位公差各自独立，没有关联，各自 满足要求的公差原则称为独立原则。
解释：图样上给出的每一个尺寸要求和几何（形状、方向或位置）要求均是独立的， 应各自满足要求。实际要素的尺寸由尺寸公差控制，与形位公差无关；形位公差由形 位公差控制，与尺寸公差无关。检测时各自满足要求即可。