常用材料单位换算表汇编(doc 22页)常用材料单位换算表常用计量单位换算表重量单位及其换算公制重量单位表常用英美制重量单位表常用重量单位换算表压力单位换算表常用长度单位换算表英寸与毫米对照表常用容量单位换算表常用化学元素符号表常用金属材料容重表常用工业材料比重表一、常用计量单位换算表重单位及其换算公制重量单位表单位名称旧名称代号对主单位的比毫克厘克分克克十克百克公斤公担吨公丝公毫公厘公分公钱公两公斤，千克公担公吨mgcgdggdaghgkgqt0.000001公斤0.00001公斤0.0001公斤0.001公斤0.01公斤0.1公斤主单位100公斤1000公斤常用英美制重量单位表1英吨（长吨，ton)=2240磅1美吨（短吨，sh.ton)=2000磅1磅（1b)=16盎司（oz）常用重量单位换算表吨公斤市担市斤英吨美吨磅吨 1 1000 20 2000 0.98421 1.1023 2204.6 公斤0.001 1 0.02 2 0.000984 0.001102 2.2046 市担0.05 50 1 100 0.04921 0.0551 110.231 市斤0.0005 0.5 0.01 1 0.000492 0.000551 1.1023立方英寸0.0164 1 0.0036 0.0043 0.0037英加仑 4.5460 277.274 1 1.2009 1.0321美加仑（液量） 3.7853 231 0.8327 1 0.8594美加仑（干量） 4.4048 268.803 0.9689 101636 1二、常用化学元素符号表元素名称符号元素名称符号元素名称符号铬镍硅锰铝磷钨钼钒钛铜铁硼钴氮CrNiSiMnAlPWMoVTCuFeBCoN铌钽氢碳氧钠镁硫氯钾锌银锡锑金NbTaHCONaMgSClKZnAgSnSbAu铝铋锕铈铍铯锆镧钡汞钙碘溴氟烯土PbBiAcCeBeSeZrLaBaHgCaIBrFRe三、常用金属材料容重表名称容重（公斤/米3）名称容重（公斤/米3）铝钢铸铁青铜黄铜紫铜镍2670785072208800860089208900锡汞（水银）铅锌锰铬银7310136001133771407200710010500四、常用工业材料比重表材料名称比重（克/厘米3）材料名称比重（克/厘米3）灰口铸铁白口铸铁6.6～7.47.4～7.7铜材（紫铜材）96黄铜8.9～9.08.85可锻铸铁工业纯铁钢材铸钢低碳钢（含碳0.1%) 中碳钢（含碳0.4%) 高碳钢（含碳1%）高速钢（含钨9%）高速钢（含钨18%）不锈钢（含铬13%）62-1锡黄铜60-1锡黄铜77-2铝黄铜60-1-1铝黄铜58-2锰黄铜59-1-1铁黄铜80-3硅黄铜4-3锡青铜4-4-2.5锡青铜4-4-4锡青铜6.5～0.1锡青铜4～0.3锡青铜五号防锈铝廿一号防锈铝一号硬铝三号硬铝十一号硬铝十二号硬铝十四号硬铝二号锻铝四号锻铝五号锻铝八号锻铝九号锻铝4-1铸锌铝合金锡铅板工业镍15-20锌白铜43-0.5锰白铜7.2～7.47.877.857.87.857.827.818.38.77.758.458.458.68.28.58.58.68.88.798.98.88.92.652.732.752.732.842.82.82.692.652.752.82.86.97.3～7.511.378.98.68.8990黄铜85黄铜80黄铜68黄铜62黄铜74-3铅黄铜63-3铅黄铜59-1铅黄铜90-1锡黄铜70-1黄铜锡3-12-5铸锡青铜5-5-5铸锡青铜6-6-3铸锡青铜5铝青铜7铝青铜9-2铝青铜9-4铝青铜10-3-1.5铝青铜2铍青铜3-1硅青铜铝板二号防锈铝二号锻铝四号超硬铝五号铸造铝合金六号铸造铝合金七号铸造铝合金十三号铸造铝合金十五号铸造铝合金工业镁锌板铸锌10-5锌铝合金4-3铸锌铝合金钴钛3钨钴合金6钨钴合金8钨钴合金5钨钴钛合金8.808.758.658.608.508.708.58.58.88.548.698.88.828.27.87.637.67.58.238.472.732.672.82.82.552.602.652.672.951.747.26.866.36.758.94.5114.9～15.314.6～15.014.4～14.812.3～13.240-1.5锰白铜28-2.5-1.5镍铜合金9镍铬合金锡基轴承合金铅基轴承合金钨铌锇锑镉钡铍铋铱铈钽碲钍马尾松云南松红皮云杉兴安落叶松长白落叶松四川红杉臭冷杉铁杉杉木柏木水曲柳（柃木）大叶榆（榆木）熟石灰水泥普通粘土砖粘土耐火砖硅质耐火砖镁质耐火砖镁铬质耐火砖高铬质耐火砖大理石花岗石8.908.88.727.34～7.759.33～10.6719.38.5722.56.628.643.51.859.8422.46.916.66.2411.50.5330.5880.4170.6250.5940.4580.3840.5000.3760.5880.6860.5481.21.21.72.101.8～1.92.62.82.2～2.52.6～2.72.6～3.015钨钴钛合金汞锰铬钒钼银金铂钾钠钙硼硅硒砷华山松红松桦木山杨楠木柞栎（柞木）软木胶合板刨花板竹材木炭石墨石膏生石灰砂岩石英天然浮石滑石金刚石金刚砂普通刚玉白刚玉碳化硅云母11.0～11.713.67.437.196.1110.2010.519.321.40.860.971.552.342.334.845.70.4370.4400.6150.4860.610.7660.1～0.40.560.400.900.3～0.51.9～2.12.3～2.41.12.2～2.52.5～2.80.4～0.92.6～2.83.5～3.64.03.85～3.903.903.102.7～3.1石灰石石板石石蜡纤维蛇纹石石棉角内石石棉纯橡胶平胶板皮革纤维纸板平板玻璃实验室用器皿玻璃耐高温玻璃石英玻璃陶瓷2.6～2.82.7～2.90.902.2～2.43.2～3.30.931.6～1.80.4～1.21.32.52.452.232.22.3～2.45地蜡地沥青碳化钙（电石）电木（胶木）电玉聚氯乙烯聚苯乙烯聚乙烯赛璐珞有机玻璃泡沫塑料硬聚氯乙烯板0.960.9～1.52.221.3～1.41.45～1.551.35～1.400.910.92～0.951.35～1.41.180.201.35～1.60五、黑色金属硬度及强度换算表硬度抗拉强度（公斤/毫米2）洛氏表面洛氏维氏布氏碳钢铬钢铬钒钢铬镍钢铬钼钢铬镍钼钢铬锰硅钢超高强度钢不锈钢不分钢种HRC HRA HR15N HR30N HR45N HV HB30D2(70.0) 86.6 1037本栏适用二换算精度要求不高的一般钢种(69.5) 86.3 1017(69.0) 86.1 997(68.5) 85.8 978(68.0) 85.5 959(67.5) 85.2 94167.0 85.0 92366.5 84.7 90666.0 84.4 88965.5 84.1 87265.0 83.9 92.2 81.3 71.7 85664.5 83.6 92.1 81.0 71.2 84064.0 83.3 91.9 80.6 70.6 82563.5 83.1 91.8 80.2 70.1 81063.0 82.8 91.7 79.8 69.5 79562.5 82.5 91.5 79.4 69.0 78062.0 82.2 91.4 79.0 68.4 76661.5 82.0 91.2 78.6 67.9 75261.0 81.7 91.0 78.1 67.3 73960.5 81.4 90.8 77.7 66.8 726硬度抗拉强度（公斤/毫米2）洛氏表面洛氏维氏布氏碳钢铬钢铬钒钢铬镍钢铬钼钢铬镍钼钢铬锰硅钢超高强度钢不锈钢不分钢种HR C HRAHR15NHR30NHR45NHVHB30D260. 0 81.290.6 77.3 66.2713269.1260.759. 5 80.990.4 76.9 65.670262.3255.159. 0 80.690.2 76.5 65.1688255.8249.658. 5 80.390.0 76.1 64.5676249.6244.358. 0 80.189.8 75.6 63.9664243.7239.157. 5 79.889.6 75.2 63.4653238.234.157. 0 79.589.4 74.8 62.8642232.6229.356. 5 79.389.1 74.4 62.2631227.4224.656. 0 79.88.9 73.9 61.762222.4220.155. 5 78.788.6 73.5 61.1609217.7215.755. 0 78.588.4 73.1 60.5599206.6209.8208.6213.1211.554. 5 78.288.1 72.6 59.9589203.3206.1204.8208.7207.454. 0 77.987.9 72.2 59.4579200.202.5201.204.5203.453.77.87.6 71.8 58.8 57196.199.197.200.199.5 7 0 8 0 4 5 553. 0 77.487.4 71.3 58.2561193.7195.5192.5198.5193.8196.7195.752. 5 77.187.1 70.9 57.6551190.6192.189.3195.1190.3193.192.152. 0 76.986.8 70.4 57.1543188.1187.5188.7186.1191.8187.189.4188.551. 5 76.686.6 70.0 56.5534184.1184.5185.4183.188.6183.6186.185.151. 0 76.386.3 69.5 55.9525(501)180.3181.6182.1179.9185.4180.4182.7181.750. 5 76.186.0 69.1 55.3517(494)176.7178.7179.176.9182.3177.3179.5178.5 硬度抗拉强度（公斤/毫米2）洛氏表面洛氏维氏布氏碳钢铬钢铬钒钢铬镍钢铬钼钢铬镍钼钢铬锰硅钢超高强度钢不锈钢不分钢种HR C HRAHR15NHR30NHR45NHVHB30D250. 0 75.885.7 68.6 54.7509(488)174.4173.1175.8175.8173.9179.3174.2176.5175.9175.349. 5 75.585.5 68.2 54.2501(481)171.4169.8173.0172.8171.0176.2171.2173.5172.3172.249. 0 75.385.2 67.7 53.6493(474)168.6166.6170.2169.8168.2173.3168.3170.7168.8169.248. 5 75.84.9 67.3 53.0485(468)165.8163.5167.5166.9165.4170.4165.4167.9165.5166.348. 0 74.784.6 66.8 52.4478(461)163.1160.5164.9164.0162.6167.6162.7165.2162.3163.547. 5 74.584.3 66.4 51.847(455)160.6157.6162.3161.2159.9164.8160.0162.5159.2160.847. 0 74.284.0 65.9 51.2463449158.1154.9159.7158.4157.3162.0157.3160.0156.3158.146. 5 73.983.7 65.5 50.7456442155.6152.2157.2155.7154.7159.3154.7157.5153.5155.546. 0 73.783.5 65.0 50.1449436153.3149.7154.7153.1152.2156.7152.2155.0150.8152.945. 5 73.483.2 64.6 49.5443430151.0147.2152.2150.5149.7154.1149.8152.6148.2150.445. 0 73.282.9 64.1 48.9436424148.8144.8149.8148.0147.2151.6147.4150.2145.7148.044. 5 72.982.6 63.6 48.3429418146.6142.6147.5145.5144.8149.1145.0147.8143.3145.744. 0 72.682.3 63.2 47.7423413144.5140.3145.2143.1142.5146.7142.7145.5141.0143.443. 5 72.482.0 62.7 47.1417407142.5138.2142.9140.8140.2144.3140.5143.2138.7141.143. 0 72.181.7 62.3 46.5411401140.5136.1140.7138.5137.9142.0138.4140.9136.6138.942. 5 71.881.4 61.8 45.9405396138.6134.1138.5136.2135.7139.7136.2138.5134.5136.842. 0 71.681.1 61.3 45.4399391136.7132.2136.4134.0133.6137.5134.2136.2132.5134.741. 5 71.380.8 60.9 44.8393385134.8130.3134.3131.9131.5135.3132.2133.9130.5132.741. 0 71.180.5 60.4 44.2388380133.1128.4132.2129.8129.4133.1130.2131.5128.6130.740. 5 70.880.2 60.0 43.6382375131.3126.7130.2127.7127.4131.0128.3129.1126.8128.7 硬度抗拉强度（公斤/毫米2）洛氏表面洛氏维氏布氏碳钢铬钢铬钒钢铬镍钢铬钼钢铬镍钼钢铬锰硅钢超高强度钢不锈钢不分钢种HR C HRAHR15NHR30NHR45NHVHB30D240. 0 70.579.9 59.5 43.0377370129.6124.9128.2125.7125.4129.0126.4126.7125.0126.839. 5 70.379.6 59.0 42.4372365127.9123.2126.2123.8123.5127.0124.6124.3123.3125.039. 0 70.79.3 58.6 41.8367360126.3121.6124.3121.9121.6125.0122.8121.8121.6123.238. 5 79.0 58.1 41.2362355124.6119.9122.5120.0119.7123.1121.1119.3120.0121.438. 0 78.7 57.6 40.6357350123.1118.4120.6118.2117.9121.2119.4118.4119.737. 5 78.4 57.2 40.0352345121.5116.8118.8116.5116.2119.4117.7116.8118.037.78.1 56.7 39.4 34341 1201151171141141171161151160 7 .0 .3 .1 .8 .4 .6 .1 .3 .336. 5 77.8 56.2 38.8342336118.5113.8115.3113.1112.8115.8114.6113.8114.736. 0 77.5 55.8 38.2338332117.0112.4113.6111.5111.1114.1113.0112.3113.135. 5 77.2 55.3 37.6333327115.6110.9112.0109.9109.5112.5111.5110.9111.535. 0 77.0 54.8 37.0329323114.1109.5110.4108.4107.9110.8110.1109.5110.034. 5 76.7 54.4 36.5324318112.7108.2108.8106.9106.4109.2108.6108.1108.534. 0 76.4 53.9 35.932314111.3106.8107.2105.4104.9107.7107.3106.7107.033. 5 76.1 53.4 35.3316310110.0105.5105.7104.0103.5106.2105.9105.4105.633. 0 75.8 53.0 34.7312306108.6104.2104.2102.7102.0104.7104.6104.1104.232. 5 75.5 52.5 34.1308302107.3102.9102.7101.3100.7103.2103.3102.8102.832. 0 75.2 52.0 33.5304298106.0101.6101.3100.199.3101.8102.0101.5101.531. 5 74.9 51.6 32.930294104.7100.499.98.898.100.5100.8100.3100.131. 0 74.7 51.1 32.3296291103.499.198.597.696.799.199.699.98.930. 5 74.4 50.6 31.7292287102.197.997.296.495.597.898.597.897.6 硬度抗拉强度（公斤/毫米2）洛氏表面洛氏维氏布氏碳钢铬钢铬钒钢铬镍钢铬钼钢铬镍钼钢铬锰硅钢超高强度钢不锈钢不分钢种HRC HRAHR15NHR30NHR45NHVHB30D230.0 74.1 50.2 31.1 289283100.996.795.995.394.396.697.396.696.429.5 73.8 49.7 30.5 285280 99.795.594.694.293.195.396.295.495.129.0 73.5 49.2 29.9 28276 98.4 94.93.93.91.94.95.94.94.1 3 32 9 1 1 2 028.5 73.3 48.7 29.3 278273 97.293.292.192.290.893.94.193.192.828.0 73.0 48.3 28.7 274269 96.192.90.991.289.791.893.91.991.727.5 72.7 47.8 28.1 271266 94.990.989.790.288.790.792.90.890.627.0 72.4 47.3 27.5 268263 93.789.888.689.387.789.791.89.789.526.5 72.2 46.9 26.9 264260 92.688.787.588.486.788.690.188.588.426.0 71.9 46.4 26.3 261257 91.487.686.487.685.787.689.287.587.425.5 71.6 45.9 25.7 258254 90.386.585.386.884.786.688.286.486.425.0 71.4 45.5 25.1 255251 89.285.584.386.83.887.485.385.424.5 71.1 45.0 24.5 252248 88.184.483.385.283.86.584.384.424.0 70.8 44.5 23.9 249245 87.083.482.384.582.185.683.283.523.5 70.6 44.0 23.3 246242 86.082.481.383.881.384.882.282.523.0 70.3 43.6 22.7 243240 84.981.480.383.180.584.81.281.622.5 70.0 43.1 22.1 24237 83.980.479.482.579.783.280.280.822.0 69.8 42.6 21.5 237234 82.979.478.581.978.982.579.279.921.5 68.5 42.2 21.0 234232 81.978.577.681.378.281.778.279.121.0 69.3 41.7 20.4 231229 80.977.576.780.777.581.77.378.220.5 69.0 41.2 19.8 229227 79.976.675.980.276.880.376.477.420.0 68.8 40.7 19.2 226225 79.075.775.179.776.179.675.476.7(19.5 ) 68.5 40.3 18.6223222 78.074.874.379.275.578.974.575.9(19.0 ) 68.3 39.8 18.0221220 77.173.973.578.874.978.273.775.2(18.5 ) 68.0 39.3 17.4218218 76.273.172.778.374.377.672.874.4(18.0 ) 67.8 38.9 16.8216216 75.372.371.977.973.776.971.973.7(17.5 ) 67.6 38.4 16.2214214 74.471.471.277.573.176.371.173.1(17.0 ) 67.3 37.9 15.6211211 73.670.670.577.272.675.770.372.4注：1、带括号的硬盘值仅供参考。