、.~①我们‖打〈败〉了敌人。

②我们‖〔把敌人〕打〈败〉了。

英语语法主谓一致精讲主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致；2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致；3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。

例：There is much water in the thermos.热水瓶里有很多水。

但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。

例：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.去年产碳1万吨。

1. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数例：Reading and writing are very important.读和写非常重要。

注意：主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

例：The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.铁和钢对我们的生活非常重要。

2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

例：a) There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一只笔，一把刀和几本书。

b) There are twenty boy-students and twenty-threegirl-students in the class. 班上有20个男生，23个女生。

2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。

如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。

例：a) Either you or she is to go. 你或她会去。

b) Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.这儿有一只笔，一些信封和给你的几张纸。

3. 谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

例：a) The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 老师正在和一些学生参观工厂。

b) He as well as I wants to go boating.我和他都想去划船。

4. 谓语需用单数1）代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。

例：a) Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我们每个人都有一台录音机。

b) There is something wrong with my watch.我的表出了点儿问题。

2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。

例：The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. <<天方夜谭>>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。

3）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。

(用复数也可，意思不变。

)例：a) Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 有三周的时间来做必要的准备。

b) Ten yuan is enough.10元钱就够了。

5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数1）在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all 等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。

例：a) All is right.一切顺利。

b) All are present.所有人都到齐了。

2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。

如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。

例：a) His family isn't very large.他家不是一个大家庭。

b) His family are music lovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。

但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。

Are there any police around? 周围有警察吗？3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。

A number of +名词复数+复数动词。

The number of +名词复数+单数动词。

例：a) A number of books have lent out.许多书已经借出去了。

b) The majority of the students like English. 大多数学生都喜欢英语6. 与后接名词或代词保持一致1）用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。

例：a) Most of his money is spent on books. 他的大多数钱都用来买书了。

b) Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.大多数学生都积极参加体育运动。

2）在一些短语，如many a 或more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。

但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。

例：a) Many a person has read the novel.许多人都读过这本书。

b) More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。

英语语法专项练习-主谓一致主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。

2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。

4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。

5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。

6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。

但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。

7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。

None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。

8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。