优秀范文文章的基本结构✧四级写作通常采用三段论模式:开头段(introduction)、主体段(body paragraph)和结尾段(conclusion)。
✧段落的基本结构是由主题句、支撑句和结尾句所构成，具体结构可用以下的图表加以表示：说明文说明文一般用于解释和分析社会现象或社会问题。
要求考生对某种社会现象产生的原因及其可能造成的种种影响或应采取的措施进行分析和说明。
此类文章的基本结构如下：Paragraph 1 phenomenon (现象)Paragraph 2 reasons (/effects)(原因或危害)Paragraph 3 suggestions or solutions (措施)范文一：Drug abuse among young people has become increasingly prevalent （普遍的，流行的）over recent years(主题句). Statistics show that the number of youth drug users almost doubles in the past three years(数据支撑). It is vital to analyze why drugs are so attractive to young people and what can be done to combat （抗击n.&v.）it(结论).Firstly, teenagers are under increasing pressure - this may be peer pressure or pressure to succeed for example. Drug use may help them escape reality, forget their problems, or simply feel more accepted by their friends(原因1). In addition, through the media we are exposed（暴露，揭露）to information that glamorizes (glamorize使有魔力，使光荣) drug use and makes it look attractive, particularly to young people(原因2). Furthermore, teenagers are usually naturally curious about drugs, and drug dealers can take advantage of this curiosity for their own profit(原因3).High fines and prison sentences（有宣判，判决之意）should also be imposed（此处指强加）on drug dealers and users(措施1). However, it is my own personal view that prevention is better than cure and so a good education programmed about the dangers of drug abuse is one of the most important steps any government should take(措施2).范文二Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Jobs for Graduates. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:1、大学生难找工作2、原因很多3、解决的办法Job hunting has always been a headache for college students. Though many graduates are employed right after graduation, some are not. Most serious of all, some still have no idea where to go working even a long time after graduation.The reasons for this phenomenon are various.On one hand, a few years ago colleges and universities enrolled so many students in popular majors, such as economy, finance and so on that the number of graduates was greater than the need in the market. On the other hand, most graduates would rather stay in large cities without suitable job to do than go to the country.I reckon this problem can be solved if both colleges and students take measures. First, they should research the market and develop special skills to suit its need. Second, students’ attitude towards employment should be changed. They should go to small cities and country. There they can also give full play to their professional knowledge. In a word, if we pay much attention, the situation can be improved.议论文●第一种形议论文的第一种形式是要求考生针对某一有争议性的两种观点，来阐述自己的立场，或对这一问题反映出的某一观点进行驳斥，然后提出自己的看法并加以论证。
它的基本形式是：一些人认为……；另一些人认为……；我的看法……。
这种文章的基本结构如下：Paragraph 1Introduction(启)Paragraph 2Analysis(承)Paragraph 3 Conclusion(转合)范文三：1.一些人认为数据库威胁个人隐私2.另一些人认为数据库有利于提高工作效率3.我的看法My view on Data CollectionData collection is a fact of modern life. Some argue that data collection is endangering the rights of individuals, though others see it as a useful tool which increases efficiency (启). To be frank, I believe data collection does more good than harm(作者观点).For one thing, databases provide a very useful tool. Large databases which contain information on many individuals can enable more effective decisions to be made. Institutions such as government departments and police rely on data collection in order to operate efficiently, and hospitals use computerized records to help in their fight against disease(承1). For another, databases stored on computer can also be very efficient. Data which has been collected in one area can be sent anywhere in the world almost instantly. This means that those who have legitimate access to this data can work very efficiently(承2).In summary, data collection on individuals can be justified, although all possible measures should be taken to minimize the risks. (转合)第二种形式议论文的第二种形式是要求考生针对某一有争议性的观点，表明自己的观点(同意或是不同意)，并提出相应的论证。
如：范文四Direction:It is very important that children should study hard at school. Time spent playing sport is time wasted. Do you agree or disagree? Give your reasons.We could argue that children go to school to study so that they may become fully productive adults and good citizens. We should ask whether playing sport helps children to become better people. If so, sport is not a waste of time. (启) It is generally believed that students need more than the knowledge of a subject. They need to know how to work in groups to achieve a mutual goal, how to work as a team. Where better to learn those skills than on the sports field? Any of the team sports involve coordination with other players, understanding and adopting a team mentality. These skills are too useful to be ignored. (承1) Moreover, it is important that people be healthy, and good health is not so easily achieved in a sedentary society. Sport gets students outside and gives them good reason to run about, thus countering hours spent sitting still. (承2) So although school studies are undeniably important, we should regard time spent playing sport as time well spent. (转合)范文五Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Views on Examinations. You should write at least 120 words andbase your composition on the outline below:1、大学都用考试来衡量学生的成绩2、考生可能带来的副作用3、我对考试的看法In most colleges and universities the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject. Although it does the job quite efficiently, its side effects are also enormous.To begin with, examinations lower the standards of teaching. Since teachers are often judged by examination results, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques. No subjects can be taught successfully merely through being approached with intent to take examinations. In addition, the most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits. As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.In fact, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development. If that is the case, why cannot we make a change and devise something more efficient and reliable than examinations?应用文自2001年6月至2007年6月的六年之中，四级共有15次考试，其中9次考到了应用文（5封书信，2篇致辞和2篇告示），占到了四级写作题目的60％。