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(完整版)英语意群阅读

关于意群阅读一篇拼凑总结---------------------------------------------------------------●英文意群介绍一个句子可根据意思和语法结构分成若干小段,每一小段称之为一个意群。

意群可以是一个词,一个词组或短语,也可以是并列句的一个分句或复合句的一个主句、从句等等,我们可用“/”来划分句子的意群。

●现将句子划分意群的一般原则归纳如下:1.名词词组1)冠词+名词,例:a country2)名词+名词,例:coumrade Li3)指示代词+名词,例:this book4)形容词+名词,例:natural science5)作形容词用的名词或分词+名词,例:New Year’s Daythe working class6)数词+名词,例:thirty-two note-books7)数词+数词,例:223--two hundred and twenty-three8)不定代词+名词,例:some ink2.介词短语,例:from now onwith an effort3.副词短语,例:day and nightfirst of all4.副词+介词短语,例:early in the morningfar into the night5.副词+动词,或动词+副词,例:quite understandstudy hard6.一些固定的动词词组,例:to take a restto have a meetingto get ready7.联系动词+表语,例:be at schoolgrow quite well8.主语+谓语,这种句型用于简短语句时,一般划分为一个意群,例:He stands up.They are very happy.9.主语+谓语+宾语,这种句型用于简短语句时,划分为一个意群,例:I can speak English.He gave me a book.10.简短的名词性从句,包括主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句,例:That he will come here/is certain.(主语从句)This is/how he studies English.(表语从句)He told me/where I could find my book.(宾语从句)11.简短的定语从句,例:This is a factory/that makes cloth.12.简短的状语从句,状语从句可以放在句首或句末。

放在句首时,从句后通常要用逗号;放在句末时,从句一般不用逗号,每个简短的状语从句分为一个意群,例:I waited/till he come back.He can’t come/because he is ill.We worked fast/so that we finish our plan.列举一些例子:1.当出现复合句时,特别是定语从句和宾语从句,若定语从句关系词或宾语从句连接词that被省略,考生常常会打乱意群,读起来不得要领。

例如:① The crafts people buy include things to decorate their homes,clothes for theirchildren and gifts for their friends,holidays,weddings or special occasions.people buy是定语从句,限制the crafts,如果将The crafts people看作一个意群,则后面的buy include things便没法理解了。

② He must capture the horse.He knew better man than he had tried.此例第二句中的knew后省略了that,better m an than he属于一个意群,是这个宾语从句的主语,若把he knew better放在一起读,下文就读不通了。

2.非谓语动词-ing形式与-ed形式引起的麻烦。

例如:③ Assembly will have limited self- governing powers,British say it could be as longas 30 years before the North might be in charge of its own affairs.这里will have不与 limited一起构成将来完成时,will have后应稍有停顿,lim ited用作形容词,作前置定语,修饰self-governing powers,它们构成一个意群,是“有限的自治权”的意思。

④ For those who prefer reading the evening newspaper offers the reader thepossibility of reading the news others see and hear on TV.本句中,reading出现两次,第一个reading是名词化的动名词,不能直接带宾语,后面应有停顿,the evening newspaper不是 reading的宾语,它属于下一个意群,是句子的主语;第二个reading是动词的-ing形式, the news是它的宾语。

3.分不清句中词的搭配关系。

例如:⑤A few bloodhounds and threats cleared the village of all the Indian inhabitants.此句中的of不表示所有关系,因此不与village构成一个意群,它与cleared搭配,cleared...of...是“从……清除……”的意思。

⑥The petition asked that during June,July,and August the working hours bechanged from 8 to 5 with an hour off for lunch to 7 to 3:30 with a half-hour for lunch.be changed以下部分的意群容易搞错,考生正在这里兜圈子,他们的视线停留在be changed from 8to 5,于是看不懂下文了。

应该说from与句中的第二个to搭配,from后的8 to 5with an hour off for lunch是一个意群。

第二个to后面7 to 3:30with a half-hour for lunch是另一个意群。

这样读意思就理解了:要求作息时间从原来的上午8点至下午5点,中间留一个小时吃午餐改为上午7点至下午3点30分,中间留半个小时吃午餐。

4.分不清and所连接的成分在层次上的差别。

例如:⑦Among the factors responsible for the higher crop yields per acre are thewidespread use of m achinery for power,the development of better fertilizers,the breeding of better varieties,particularly semidwarf wheat and rice and hybridsorghum and corn,and the more efficient use of irrigation.例句中连用了四个and,第四个and连接的部分是第一层次,在particularly...corn这部分中,第二个and连接的是第二层次,第一个与第三个and连接的是第三层次,semidwarf wheat and rice与hybrid sorghum and corn应视作两小项,不可分为四项,semidwarf既修饰wheat也修饰rice;hybrid同时修饰sorghum与corn。

5.分不清this/these/that/those等是指示代词还是限定词。

作指示代词可以代替名词单独使用,而作限定词时,它们修饰名词,不能单独使用。

例如:⑧If his savings,pension,and social security are substantial,he can engage incharitable or religious activities.But the self-reliant American finds these poorsubstitutes for those social and business activities which once occupied his time and energies.these是指示代词,代替上文中的 charitable or religious activities而充当 finds的宾语,poor substitutes是宾语的补语,意思是说:发现慈善、宗教活动不能取代原来从事的社交、商业活动。

若把 these看作限定词,则these poor substitutes成了一个意群,语意大相径庭。

6.英语句子中那些从逻辑上讲应该接续的成分被分隔时,如果不能确定被分割的成分,也就不能正确读懂意群。

例如:⑨ The prisoners are overcrowded, with many cells intended for one man occupiedby three.这句中的关键是要注意with短语中的分隔,即with所带的宾语m any cells与宾补occupied之间被充当后置定语的过去分词短语intended for one man隔开,其意群的划分应该是with many cells/intended for one man/occupied by three,整个句子的意思是:监狱现在过度拥挤,许多原来关一个人的单身牢房现在关三个人。

--------------------------------------------------------------- 《按意群阅读的逻辑悖论》按意群阅读,这种说法从目的上讲是正确的,但在逻辑上是个悖论;从实践上讲,按意群阅读是最终要实现的目标,而不是达成该目标的具体方法,它强调了要达到的目标,却忽视了认知训练的基本过程。

很多同学在阅读时容易read the sentence word by word,老师为了纠正这种习惯,就会讲:要按意群阅读。

老师通常情况下会给出例句,讲解其中的若干意群。

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