最新非谓语动词 (完整版)一、单项选择非谓语动词1.With my money ______ , I went back home. A .ran out of C .running out【答案】 C 【解析】2. He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A .to actB . to have actedC . actingD .having acted【答案】 B 【解析】试题分析:句型“有人认为 ..已 可”用 It is thought/ believed/ ...that sb have/hasdone...结 构。
从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。
该结构可转化为 sb is thought/believed +不定式的 完成式。
如:It is reported that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. The news reports that Cheng Yifei died several days ago.Cheng Yifei is reported to have died several days ago. 因此B 选项正确。
句意为“有人认为他已做了一件傻事。
现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。
考点:考查动词非谓语形式。
Seeing 才能表示主语与非谓语的 “主动”的逻辑关系。
by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms ontheir land.解析】B .ran out D .running out of试题分析:考查 with 复合结构,句意:我的钱用完了, 里做原因状语,with+宾语+宾语补足语(非谓语动词) 物动词,后面要接宾语,否则是被动语态,排除 式,选 C 。
考点:考查 with 复合结构我就回家了。
With 复合结构在这 AB 项,run out of 是及D ,,所以排除Run out 是不及物动词,不能用被动 3. A .Seeing【答案】 A that she was going off to sleep, Iasked if she d like that little doll on her bed. B .To seeD . Seen【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。
本句的主语是I , I 与See 的意义的逻辑关系是主动,也就是4.A .Being encouraged C .Encouraged【答案】 CB .Encouraging D .Having encouraged试题分析:考查过去分词做状语:句意:被科技的进步鼓舞着,很多农民在自己的土地上建起了风力发电厂。
逗号前面的是非谓语动词做状语,encourage 和这句话的主语many farmers 是被动关系,用过去分词做状语,选C。
考点:考查过去分词做状语5.(山东) There is a note pinned to the door A.saying ______ when the shop will open again.B saysC.said【答案】A【解析】D.having said试题分析:在这个句子中note和say是主动关系,所以要用saying。
此处saying引导的句子做伴随状语。
句意为:门上钉着张纸条,写着这家商店什么时候再营业。
故答案选考点:考查非谓语动词。
A。
【知识拓展】非谓语动词的选择要根据所填的动词及它所要修饰的逻辑主语之间的关系确定。
doing 表主动表进行;done 表被动表完成;to do 表目的表将来。
【名师点睛】本题考查非谓语。
先把句子简化:There is a note (which is pinned to the door) saying when the shop will open again. 伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生,它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,本题考查的是现在分词做伴随状语,用ing 形式。
现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系,即表示主动意义;而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系,即被动意义;如:He went to the classroom holding two books ;He went to the forest , followed by two dogs.6.(福建) _______ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears moremature than those of her age. A.SpendingC.Having spent B.Spent D.To spend【解析】试题分析:花费”和其逻辑主语“Li nda之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作原因状语。
且费”的动作明显早于“看起来成熟”这个动作。
表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作,用现在分词的完成时。
句意:由于Linda 过去几年在香港作交换留学生,所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
7.Time, correctly, is money in the bank.A.to use【答案】BB.used C.using D.use【解析】本题考察非谓语动词。
根据句子结构,所填成分是对主句的补充说明,因此只能是作状 语。
再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则,判断出use 与主语time 之间为被动,因此直接得出答案B 。
句意:时间,如果使用得当的话,就是存在银行里的钱。
8. __ volca noes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their poten tial to cause great damage. A . To study C. Having studied【答案】C 【解析】【详解】 考查非谓语动词辨析。
句意:在研究火山多年之后,我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨 大破坏的潜力感到惊讶。
study 与主语是逻辑主谓关系,且强调 研究”发生在主句谓语动作之前,应使用现在分词的完成式。
故C 选项正确。
9. Recently a survey _____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has causedheated debate among citize ns. A . comparedB . comparing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:最近,一项对两家不同超市的同种商品价格进行比较的调查在市 民中引起了激烈的争论。
分析句子结构可知,该句的主语是a survey ,谓语动词是hascaused ,宾语是heated debate 。
可见,句子结构是完整的,因此我们要选择的只能是非谓 语动词形式。
survey与comp are 之间存在主动关系,因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。
故 选B 。
10. (北京) The n atio nal park has a large collect ion of wildlife, ele phan ts. A . ranging C. to range【答案】A【解析】 试题分析:句意:国家公园有许多的野生动物,包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。
此处野生动物和range 之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故选 考点:考查非谓语动词。
[名师点睛]现在分词和过去分词的区别:B . Studying D . StudiedC. comp ares D . being comparedfrom butterflies toB . range D . rangedA 。
在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义;在时间上,现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生,过去分词表示的 动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。
如:falling leaves 正在下落的树叶fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶分词的作用 作定语 单个分词作定语,分词前置。
如:The slee ping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the buildi ng.分词短语作定语,分词后置;分词修饰不定代词left 等作定语也后置。
如:The girl sta nding un der the tree is my ni ece. The buildi ng built last year is our library.过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
如:the people in vited to the party were famous scie ntists 作状语 现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。
Not receivi ng any letter from him, I gave him a call. As I didn ‘ t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call. Give n more atte nti on, the trees could have grow n better.If more atte nti on was give n, the trees could have grow n better.( 条件) Walk ing along the street, I ran across my old friend. Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital (原因). Though defeated, he didn ‘ t lose!让e 步r ).( He lay on the grass, looking into the sky.(伴随) He came running to tell me the good news.( 方式)注意:选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。
如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出,分 词就用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。
试比较:(Being ) Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。