什么是句子？
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的， 是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句 子的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要 有．？ ！
I am a teacher.
Are you a student?
How beautiful the girl is !
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句子包括哪些成分？
英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓 语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语 （object）、定语（attribute）、状语 (adverbial) 和补语（complement）。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型.
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Practice
Nobody went.
主+ 谓
She became a doctor.
主+ 谓 + 表
The car caught fire.
主+ 谓 +
宾
I will write you a long letter.
主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
• Go and get some water for me.
• Don’t laugh at others!
• Don’t come back late tonight.
• 祈使句：
• 1.省略主语you
• 2.谓语动词用原形
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找出下列句子的谓语
• ① I don't like the picture on the wall. • ② The days get longer and longer when
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主语小测
• 找出下面句子的主语
• 1. Our school is not far from my home. • 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you. • 3.Cleaning the house needs a lot of time.
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• 4. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town. （主谓）
• 5. There are many people in the hall.（主）
• 6. Would you please pass me the cup? （主谓）
(数词)
• Fishing is allowed. .
（动名词）
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• The rich should help thБайду номын сангаас poor.
名词化的形容词
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V.不能做主语！
• 1.Do exercise is good for your health.
• 2.Eat too much meat is bad for your health.
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单形式选主语：
真正的主语
• 1.It is difficult for me _to__fin_i_sh_ so much work
within one night. Can you help me?
•It’As .afdijn. ifsohr sb to do sth.做B某.事fin对is某hi人ng来说是……的
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谓语（predicate）:是对主语加以陈述，表示 主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组 担任，放在主语的后面。
• I love you!
• They went to sleep very late last night.
• He practises running every morning.
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• The plane took off at 10 o’clock. • How often do you go shopping? • Why didn’t you come back last night?
简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成
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• Open the door, please!
I will let him‹go.›
主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补
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主语（subject）: 句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首
• The sun rises in the east. （名词）
• He likes dancing. （代词）
• Twenty years is a short time in history.
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主谓小测
• 按要求找出下列句子的主谓：
• 1. Trees turn green when spring comes. （主谓）
• 2. He broke a piece of glass. （谓）
• 3. Don’t get nervous，and help yourself to what you like． （主谓）祈使句,省略主语you
• C. to finish
D. finished
• 2.John with two of his friends ____ to play basketball every Sunday afternoon.
• A. go B. went C. goes D.gone
单选：
1.Mary with her two daughters _____ going to Shanghai for Explo 2010 next month. A. are B. was C. is D. were 2.____ more exercise does good to your health. A. Do B. Does C. Did D. Doing 3.____ is impossible to finish this job before Wednesday. A. That B. This C. It D. They
summer comes. • ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? • ⑤ Did the twins have eggs for their
breakfast?
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• ⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
• ⑦ He is interested in music. ⑧Whom did you give my book to?