英语数词用法归纳一、定义与分类数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。
数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。
二、基数词1.英语中没有“万”这个读数单位，要表示汉语中的“万”，英语需借用thousand一词，如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand)，“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand)。
2.用作基数词单位的hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。
如：About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。
3.表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。
如：He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头(from )。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。
三、序数词1.许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，six / sixth，ten / tenth，sixteen / sixt eenth，但是nine变为序数词是ninth，而不是nineth。
2.twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。
3.first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。
凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”：4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。
4.非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，th ree hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。
5.hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。
6.序数词前通常要用定冠词，但表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常可省略其前的定冠词。
如：My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。
He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。
注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。
如：We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。
四、分数、倍数、小数和百分数1.分数。
分数由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时，分母用复数。
如：two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5注：1/2 通常读作a [one] half，一般不读作a second；1/4 可读作a [one] fourth，也可读作a [one] quarter。
2.倍数。
英语中表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词。
如：They're twice the size of chickens. 它们比鸡大一倍。
Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他们的房子大约有我们房子三倍大。
3.百分数。
百分数由基数词和百分号(%)组成，百分号(%)读作per cent。
如：thirty percent=30% 60 percent=60%4、小数。
小数点前的数按总数念，同其它基数词读法一样，小数点用point，小数点后面的数按基数词一个一个单独念。
如9.65读作nine point six five。
218.39读作two hundred and eighteen point three nine。
五、表示日期1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine6月23日June 23rd读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005读作the second of May, sixteen hundred六、表示钟点半小时用half，一刻钟用a quarter，半小时以内用past，超过半小时用to。
08:00 eight o’clock或eight09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine02:30 two thirty或half past/after two05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six五、表示约数1. 用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。
如：The boy bought dozens of pencils.那个男孩买了几十支铅笔。
Thousands of people died in the earthquake.数以千计的人死于地震。
2. 用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to等来表示小于或接近某数目。
如nearly two hours将近两个小时。
3. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above等来表示超过或多于某个数目。
如more than 100 years一百多年。
4. 用or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一数目左右。
如about 50 pens大约五十支钢笔，a month or so大约一个月。
5. 用to, from…to…, between…and表示介于两数词。
如：His salary rose from 100 dollars a month to 120 dollars a month.他的工资从每月100美元升到了每月120美元。
_数词练习题：( )76. Tuesday is the _______ day of a week in English.A. firstB. fifthC. thirdD. fourth( )77. There are _______ seasons in a year in our country.A. twoB. fourC. secondD. fourth( )78. The game of _______ Olympics will be held in Beijing in 2008.A. 29B. the 29thC. the 29D. 29th( )80. _______ of the surface(表面) of the earth is covered with water.A. First thirdB. Two thirdsC. One threeD. Two three( )81. There are _______ people in my family. We live on the _______ floor in a tall building.A. five, sixB. fifth, sixthC. fifth, sixD. five, sixth( )82. Boys and girls, we are going to learn _______ today.A. Four LessonB. the fourth lessonC. the Lesson FourD. the Four Lesson ( )83. My lovely daughter is _______.A. eight years oldB. eight-year-oldC. eight year oldD. eight-years-old( )84. The flood happened _______.A. in the summer of 1998B. in the summer of 1998sC. in 1998 of the summerD. in 1998s of the summer( )85. February 28 should be read as _______.A. February of the 28thB. February of 28C. 28 of FebruaryD. the 28th of February( )86. --- How soon will you finish your work? --- In about _______.A. one and a half monthB. one month and a halfC. one and half a monthD. a month and half( )87. We will have a _______ holiday. What about going to Suzhou?A. five daysB. five dayC. five-dayD. five-days( )88. We are sure the _______ century will bring us more hopes.A. twentieth-firstB. twentieth-oneC. twenty-oneD. twenty-first( )89. --- What is 1/2 and 1/3? --- It’s _______.A. 2/5B. 1/5C. 5/6D. 4/6( )90. At the age of _______, he had his own lab.A. thirtyB. thirtiethC. the thirtiethD. the thirty( )91. Five times five is _______.A. fiveB. zeroC. tenD. twenty-five( )92. _______ are in the army.A. Two their sonsB. Their two sonsC. Their sons twoD. Two sons their( )93. My sister is a student of _______.A. the First ClassB. Class OneC. One ClassD. Class First ( )94. The boy can count from one to _______.A. hundredB. a hundredC. one hundredsD. hundreds( )95. Their house is about _______ as big as ours.A. times threeB. three timeC. time threeD. three times( )96. --- Would you like some fruit, madam? --- Oh, yes. _______, please.A. 5 kilo bananasB. 5 kilos of bananasC. 5 kilo of bananasD. 5 kilos of banana( )97. This building is for a _______.A. family of threeB. three peopleC. three peoples familyD. three people’s family( )98. Ten and five is _______.A. fiveB. fiftyC. fifteenD. two( )99. There are _______ in a day.A. 24 hoursB. 12 hoursC. four hoursD. 365 hours。