Section_ⅢGrammar—动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语语法图解探究发现①You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing ...②Such training was common in acting families at this time ...③He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks.④...his subtle acting made everything entertaining.⑤He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world.⑥How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining?⑦The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted动词-ing形式作表语的句子为⑦。

(2)动词-ing形式作定语的句子为②③⑤。

(3)动词-ing形式作补语的句子为①④⑥。

(4)比较句②和句③，可以看出单个现在分词作定语时要放在它所修饰的名词前面；现在分词短语作定语时要放在它所修饰的名词后面。

一、动词-ing形式作表语作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。

1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。

作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。

常见的有：moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting, inspiring, boring, surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing ...这类分词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。

The argument is very convincing.这个论点很令人信服。

He remained standing beside the table.他依然站在桌旁。

[名师点津]不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作，动词-ed形式则表示被动、完成含义。

2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。

Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。

[即时演练1](1)试判断下列句中动词-ing形式的类型：A．动名词B．现在分词①My hobby is collecting stamps.__A__②What you said is really inspiring.__B__③What I am tired of is waiting here alone.__A__(2)对比翻译①他的工作是粉刷墙。

His_job_is_painting_walls.②他的工作是粉刷这面墙。

His_job_is_to_paint_the_wall.二、动词-ing形式作定语动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。

1．动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。

No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不准大声说话。

2．现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。

The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.＝The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。

[名师点津]现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别：现在分词表示正在进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。

You should adapt to the changing situation.你应该适应不断变化的形势。

The ground is covered with fallen leaves.地上满是落叶。

I’m looking for a room to live in.我正在找房子住。

[即时演练2](1)一句多译正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。

→The_man_speaking_to_the_teacher_is_our_monitor’s_father.→The_man_who_is_speaking_to_the_teacher_is_our_monitor’s_father.(2)用所给词的适当形式填空①Our school went on an organized (organize) trip last week.②I can’t go with you, for I have a lot of work to_do (do)．③(山东高考改编)There’s a note pinned to the door saying (say) when the shop will open again.三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。

动词-ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。

1．表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)(常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等)＋sb.＋doing sth.(作宾补)。

I felt somebody standing behind me.我感觉有人站在我后面。

I saw the little boy crying there.我看到小男孩在那儿哭。

2．表示指使意义的使役动词(常见的有have, let, keep, get, leave等)＋sb./sth.＋doing sth.(作宾补)。

We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。

I won’t have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。

[名师点津]使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……一直做某事”。

接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语表示“让某人做某事”；接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“主语请某人做某事，使完成某事或主语遭遇某事”。

Be careful, or you’ll have your hands hurt.当心，否则会弄伤手的。

3．用于with复合结构中。

I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on.由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。

With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。

[即时演练3](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①(全国卷Ⅱ改编)They use computers to keep the traffic running (run) smoothly.②(辽宁高考改编)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following (follow) them.③He had the walls painted (paint) this morning.④Tom’s mother made him paint (paint) the house.(2)补全句子①I suddenly felt myself being_hit by a heavy fist.我突然感到自己被重重地打了一拳。

②I found a beggar standing at the door.我发现一个乞丐站在门口。

③We shouldn’t keep our lights burning in the day.我们白天不应该开着灯。

④With all_fans_singing_together,_he felt so proud.所有的粉丝一起歌唱，他感到如此的骄傲。

⑤He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去检查眼睛。

Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．The villagers saw the fire burning brightly in the distance. When they hurried there, they found some houses burned to the ground already.(burn)2．When I was on my way to school this morning, I saw two women arguing (argue)．3．By far, there are many problems remaining (remain) to be solved.4．The woman looking (look) at her map is a relative of my mother.5．Give me the blue raincoat, please, the one hanging (hang) behind the door.6．On the bank of the river, we found him lying (lie) on a bench, with his eyes fixed (fix) on a kite in the sky.7．He had his leg broken (break) while riding a bike.8．A beggar in rags stood there with his eyes staring (stare) at the steak on the plate.9．The stadium being_built (build) at present in our city is intended for the coming Asian Games.10．I made him repeat (repeat) his promise.Ⅱ.单句写作1．I saw a stranger sliding_into the manager’s office.我看见一个陌生人溜进了经理的办公室。