小作文课程课堂笔记（须背诵）Task1 : 20 150+30 说明文图表TA: task achievement:对于任务的完成情况1.Summarise the information.总体描写2.Select and report the main features.具体描写3.Make comparisons where relevant.分析对比总分（总）6图表数据图：4：实质：描写数据总：总体描写一句话三要素：题目找1.描写对象：full-time teachers2.数据形式：number3.时间：1960-1990Graph: chart, diagramShow: illustrate, describe, demonstrate数据形式:1.量：the number/ amount of 对象（单位）2.百分比：the proportion/ percentage of 对象This line chart demonstrates the number of full-time teachers (in millions) in China’s regular schools over a period of 30 years from 1960 to 1990.This line chart illustrates the proportion of population aged 65 and over in three different countries, namely Japan, Sweden and the USA over a period of 100 years from 1940 to 2040.首段第二句：overview1.图形中出现了total/all这类的项目：C7T4t12.一条线或者多线同趋势：总趋势3.可作对比的两饼：总体分组情况的说明This line chart demonstrates the number of full-time teachers (in millions) in China’s regular schools over a period of 30 years from 1960 to 1990. In total, it can be obviously seen that the quantity of these educators increased throughout the whole period.It is obvious/clear/apparent thatFluctuate v.Fluctuation n.波动！中间段写作基本方法：1.跟时间推移有关换曲线：2.跟时间推移无关换饼状：按照曲线的变化趋势（升降平）划分具体区间。
具体区间描写三要素：1.时间：2.趋势：3.变量：该对象的量/百分比在某个时间段处在某个趋势中，由多少变为多少。
Go up from…to…Go up from…in…to…in…Go up from…in/on/at…to…in/on/at…1.对象的量/百分比:2.时间段3.趋势4.There be5.升降平名词：A rise can be found in the number of teachers from…in…to…in…6.地点：China saw/witnessed/experienced6=5n(the years, trend, number, China, A rise)+1there be•上升•go up; rise; increase; climb; grow; ascend, boom; surge; soar; rocket;• a rise; a growth; a climb; an increase; an upward trend;•下降•Fall; decrease; decline; drop; go down; reduce; dip; slump; plummet; plunge • A drop, a fall, a decrease; a decline; a reduction; a downward trend •平稳Level out/off;Keep/remain/stay + stable/steady/constanta leveling out/off;时间推移：Then, from then on, after that, afterwards, thereafter转折关系：However, while, but, whereas, conversely, by contrast, on the other hand使用关联词连接两个区间的时候，一定要把放在关联词后面句子中的from连同后面数据一并删除！About: around, almost, approximately, roughly, nearlyThe number of full-time teachers went down dramatically from 5million in 1960 to the lowest point at/of 3million in 1961, after which the trend showed an enormous increase in it to about 6million in 1963. On the other hand, the years to 1965 saw a slight decrease in the quantity of these instructors to nearly 5million. From then on, China witnessed a gradual growth to 8million in 1975, which was followed by a leveling out in the next 10 years until 1985. Finally, a moderate rise can be found in the number of these full-time teachers to the peak at 10million in 1990.6=100字！删！代！换！两大特征：1.峰值：看峰值是在哪个区间结束的时候达到的，就写到那个区间中去！最高点：the highest point= the peak最低点：the lowest point= the bottom2.变化幅度：adj+n v+advDramatic dramaticallyEnormous enormouslySubstantial substantiallyConsiderable considerablyModerate moderatelyGradual graduallySteady steadilyModest modestlySmallSlight slightlyMarginal marginallyMinimal minimallyThe number of full-time teachers went down from 5million in 1960 to 3million in 1961.详The number of full-time teachers went down from 1960 to 1961.略多线（2条及以上）总：一句话三要素分：一条线一个段，每条线分区间描写。
大区间详（6，时间趋势变量），小区间略（6，只写时间和趋势，不写变量）。
合并区间描写：（1）把一条线的好几个区间合并在一起写出这段时间的变化主要特征（总趋势），然后通过except/excluding/without之类的词汇表述出其中的小例外。
The percentage of radio audiences went up dramatically from 8% at 6am to28% at 8am. Then, the trend showed a gradual decline in it to 2% at 4am onthe next day, except a slight growth from 3pm to 4pm. After that, the timeto 6am saw a moderate climb to 5%.（2）把几条线的好几个区间（由于趋势一致，数据相似）合并在一起写出这段时间的变化共同过程！预计：在所学的6句话各自动词前方进行添加就可以表达将来的变化了！be expected/ projected/ predicted/ forecast/ estimated/ anticipated to…There is expected to be a slight drop.There was a slight drop.多线中间段写作方法小结：1.多线少区间：各线单写，各分区间2.多线多区间：各线单写，各分区间，大详小略，合并区间，除去例外3.多线，区间有趋势一致，数据相似：合并多线，同时描写总：对比异同：点线面随便~As described above, the percentage of both followed the same overall trend, indicating a rise at first, then a decline. However, the peak of each varied, with the radio one reaching at 8am, while the television at 8pm.单饼：首段：一句话三要素：中间段：1.先描写峰值（最大和最小的组合；最大和最小可以有多个！）2.剩余数据按照数据间关系组团描写。
（倍数；相似；居中：lie in the middle；分类）The amount of oil production in the Middle East is the largest (22.2MB/D), while Europe is the region which produces the least oil (6.8MB/D). It can be clearly seenthat the oil production in the USA and Canada (14MB/D) is twice as that in Latin America (7MB/D). In addition, there are three other regions, namely Africa, Asia-Pacific and Former Soviet Union, all of which share the similar amount of oil production—7.8MB/D, 8MB/D and 8.7MB/D respectively.一个东西是另一个东西的几倍：X times: two /Three times自己翻倍：Double, triple, quadruple, quintuple, sextuple两饼：首段：一句话三要素：+总体分组情况的说明中间段：一定要首先判定一下两饼对象之间是否可以做一个大小对比！如果不能做，那么两个饼就按照一饼一段的写法各自写作。