2019-2020 年高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-名词性从句1. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious the problem itself is. (xx·湖南卷31)A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why【解析】选A。
空白处后句子缺表语。
因此不能选B。
B 中的that 只起引导作用，无实意。
而该句选what 既起了引导作用，又作了句子成分表语。
2. It is still under discussion the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. (xx·重庆卷22)A. whetherB. whenC. whichD. where【解析】选A。
该句中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是由whether…or not 引导的从句。
句意：是否这个旧车站该由现代宾馆取代还在讨论中。
考点1.名词性从句的种类及连接词I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.A. whoB. whereC. whatD. how【解析】选C。
what 引导的宾语从句作for 的宾语，what 在从句中作am 的表语。
名词性从句具有名词的功能，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。
它由以下三种连接词引导：1. 连词：that, whether, if。
2. 连接代词：who, whom, whose, which, what 等。
3. 连接副词：when, where, why, how 等Keep in mind you want others to respect you, you must respect others first.A. that whenB. that ifC. if whenD. when if【解析】选B。
that 引导一个宾语从句，宾语从句中又有一个由if 引导的条件状语从句。
1. that 引导名词性从句时既无词义也不在从句中作任何成分。
2. that 引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般不可省，引导宾语从句时常可省。
但是，and 连接两个由that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个that 可省，第二个that 不可省。
3. that 从句一般不作介词的宾语。
但：in that “因为”，except / but that“除了”例外。
考点3.whether, if 的用法It's reported that Pakistan is considering to continue its information cooperation with the US because the US didn't inform them in advance before they took action to kill Bin Laden. (xx·成都七中高三最后一套模拟卷)A. whatB. howC. whetherD. if【解析】选C。
在whether 后只能用不定式或后接or not，不能接if，即whether to do 或whether or not。
whether, if 引导名词性从句时，表示“是否”，不在从句中作任何成分，二者常可通用，但在下面几种情况下一般只用whether:(1)引导主语从句。
(2)引导表语从句。
(3)引导同位语从句。
(4)在动词discuss 之后。
(5)在介词之后。
(6) 后面紧跟or not。
(7)动词不定式前。
考点4.名词性从句的语序I really wonder will stop Japan from its annual whale hunt in the Antarctic. (ft西太原五中xx— xx 第二学期月考4 月)A. that it is whatB. what it is thatC. what is it thatD. that is it what【解析】选B。
空白处为一宾语从句作动词wonder 的宾语。
而宾语从句是一个强调句，强调what。
宾语从句要采用陈述语序。
名词性从句用陈述语序，为：连词(+被修饰语)+主语+谓语。
即主谓不倒装。
考点5. what 与that 引导名词性从句的区别例1：It is not always easy for the public to see use a new invention can be of to human life. (xx·重庆卷34)A. WhoseB. whatC. whichD. that【解析】选B。
空白处作动词see 的宾语。
宾语从句按顺序为a new invention can be of what use to human life，疑问词what 前置。
因此选B。
例2：Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases. (xx·天津卷13)A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where【解析】选C。
that 引导词作名词evidence 的同位语从句引导词。
该词只起引导作用，无实义，不可省略。
1. 在名词性从句中，that 只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，本身也没有词义，即从句中不缺少任何成分时用连词that.2. that 在从句中作主语时通常用it 作形式主语，而将that 从句置于句末作真正的主语。
但what 不能用it 作形式主语。
3. that 可引导同位语从句，但what 不能。
考点6.由reason 作主语时，表语从句的连接词The reason why he can't go to school is he is ill.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. which【解析】选C。
reason 作主语时，其后的表语从句一般用连词that。
reason作主语时，表语从句所用连词为that, 一般不用because 或why 等。
考点7.that 引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别例1：was known to all that William had broken his promise he would never play puter games again. (xx·湖南雅礼中学高三第8 次月考卷)A. As; whichB. As; thatC. It; thatD. What; that【解析】选C。
it 作形式主语，第一个that 后引导从句作真正主语。
名词promise 后接that 引导的同位语从句。
对前一名词内容进一步补充说明。
例2：Helping others is a habit, one you can learn even at an early age. (xx·ft东卷改编)A. itB. thatC. whatD. who【解析】选B。
one 是a habit 的同位语。
作为定语从句的先行词，后用which 或that 作定语从句动词learn 的宾语。
关系代词作宾语也可省略。
that 引导同位语从句时，that 在从句中不作成分(一般不省), 且不可用which 来取代；that 引导定语从句时，that 须作主语、宾语或表语(作宾语时常可省), 且常可用which 来取代。
( )1. Why don’t you bring to his attention that you are too busy to do it? A．this B．that C．it D．what( )2. The fact he didn’t see Lao Li yesterday is true.A．which B．that C．when D．what( )3. The book looks it had been out in the rain.A．that B．whether C．as though D．what( )4. I have no idea he will e back.A．where B．when C．what D．that( )5. the old man’s sons wanted to know was the gold had been hidden.A．That; what B．What; where C．What; that D．What; if( )6. No one can tell will happen next.A．what B．when C．where D．which( )7. You’re responsible to is in charge of sales.A．whom B．who C．whoever D．whomever( )8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever( )13. What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious illness soon.A．when B．how C．whether D．why( )14. Our hometown is quite different from before.A．that it was B．what it was C．which it was D．when it was( )15. Someone is knocking at the door. Go and see .A．who is he B．who he is C．who is it D．who it is( )16. surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word. A．he B．It C．This D．That( )17. Some college students are seen doing work they can find to support themselves.A．that B．which C．whatever D．no matter what( )18. Things were not they had been before.A．as B．because C．that D．when( )19. After seemed an endless effort，the patient was finally able to carry out seemed a perfectly normal walk.A. what；what B．that; that C．it; that D．which; like( )20. He was ill. That is he didn’t e yesterday.A．when B．why C．how D．that参考答案1. C it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是由that 引导的从句。