• The global incidence of dengue has grown dramatically in recof the world's population is now at risk.
• Dengue is found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas.
• Severe dengue is a leading cause of serious illness and death among children in some Asian and Latin American countries.
• There is no specific treatment for dengue/ severe dengue, but early detection and access to proper medical care lowers fatality rates below 1%.
Plague, Murine typhus
Flies
(various species)
Human African trypanosomiasis, onchocerciasis
Vector-borne diseases
Key facts
• Vector-borne diseases account for more than 17% of all infectious diseases, causing more than 1 million deaths annually.
• 概述 • 流行情况 • 流行病学 • 诊断标准 • 全国常规监测内容
概述
• 登革热是由1～4型登革病毒引起、经伊蚊传播的急性传染 病，按照《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》的规定为乙类 传染病。亚洲、大洋洲、美洲和非洲均有本病发生，是热 带、亚热带地区的一个非常严重的公共卫生问题。
• Key facts
登革热
World Health Day 2014: small bite, big threat
Vector
Diseases
Mosquitoes:
Aedes aegypti
Dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, Zika virus
Aedes albopictus
Chikungunya, dengue, West Nile virus
每年有50万登革热住院病例a large proportion of whom are children 每年2万以上死于登革出血热和登革休克综合征
Africa, The Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, South-East Asia and the Western Pacific. The Americas,South-East Asia and the Western Pacific Regions are the most seriously affected, with more than 2.3 million cases reported in 2010.
*Simmons CP, NEJM, 2012
• Dengue prevention and control solely depends on effective vector control measures.
全球登革热疫情概况
全球有25亿登革热风险人群 over 40% of the world’s population
WHO currently estimates there may be 50–100 million dengue infections worldwide every year
• Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection.
• The infection causes flu-like illness, and occasionally develops into a potentially lethal complication called severe dengue.
Yellow fever
Sandflies
Leishmaniasis
Triatomine bugs
Chagas disease
Ticks
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever,
tick-borne encephalitis, typhus, Lyme disease
Fleas
• Other diseases such as Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
• Many of these diseases are preventable through informed protective measures.
• More than 2.5 billion people in over 100 countries are at risk of contracting dengue alone.
• Malaria causes more than 600 000 deaths every year globally, most of them children under 5 years of age.
Culex quinquefasciatus
Lymphatic filariasis
Anopheles (more than 60 known species
can transmit diseases)
Malaria, lymphatic filariasis (in Africa)
Haemagogus