专题13 特殊句式（倒装句、省略句、强调句）【2017年高考命题预测】高考研究特殊句型是英语学习中必须掌握的难点知识，熟练地掌握和使用对提高应试能力有很大的帮助。
通过近几年试题的分析与研究，主要从以下几个方面进行考查：倒装句、强调句、省略句和独立主格结构。
在学习时，首先应弄清楚如何正确地使用，其次要在具体的语境中灵活使用。
【考点定位】2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布（1）考纲要求从近几年高考试题来看，特殊句式主要考查倒装句、省略句和强调句的用法。
特殊句式比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。
其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。
同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。
近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。
（2）命题规律一、高考命题对倒装的考查比较频繁，倒装句经常与动词时态融合一起考查。
二、近几年高考中，主要考查了强调句的基本结构，省略句主要和非谓语动词一起考查。
三、高考命题对特殊句式考查的综合性和情景性越来越强。
【考点pk】名师考点透析强调句、倒装句和省略句强调句考点l 强调句结构及其中的who和that①It was after the wa r was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again．正是在战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。
②It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed．那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的。
③It is when he got back that he knew what had happened．他回来后才知道所发生的情况。
④It was the goat’s eyes that he had seen in the darkness．他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。
特别提示强调句中的主谓一致性：当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应与主语一致，即人称和数要一致。
如：①It is my mother who cooks every day．每天煮饭的是我妈妈。
②It is he who is wrong．是他错了。
考例：If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory ____ he will turn to for it.A．where B．that C．which D．what考点二强调状语部分①It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years．他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语。
(强调时间)②It was where you have questions that you’d better make a mark．最好在你有疑问的地方做个记号。
(强调地点)③n was because she was ill that she didn’t come to the party．她没来参加聚会是因为她病了。
(强调原因)④It is as the Party tells us that we must do．我们必须做的就是听从党的安排。
(强调方式)⑤It is as long as yo u promise to be back before 8：00 that you can go out．只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去。
(强调条件)①It wasn’t until I got off the bus that I realized it．直到下车我才意识到这一点。
(强调句)②Not until I got off the bus did I realize it．直到下车我才意识到这一点。
(倒装句)考例：It was not until midnight ____ we got home because of traffic jams.A．that B．when C．while D．as考点3 强调句的疑问句1．一般疑问句。
结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?如：Was it during the Anti．Japanese War that he died?他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗?2．特殊疑问句。
结构为：特殊疑问词(what/Who/when/Why/Where/How)+is/was it+that/who+句子其他成分?如：Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?为什么这儿不允许吸烟? ‘考点4 强调句与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析2．定语从句的引导词(即关系代词和关系副词)在从句的使用过程中较为丰富，如who，that，which，whose，when，where，why等，与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系；而强调句中的引导词只有who和that，强调人时，用who或that，强调其他时，只用that，且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系。
如：①It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high schoo1．那是2009年，她高中毕业的时候。
(定语从句)①It is three years since he joined the army．自他参军以来已有三年了。
②It is many years since he smoked．他没有吸烟已有好多年了。
(2)It is/will(not)be+时间段+before从句。
表示”要过多久(不久)才……”，before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时。
如：It won’t be long before you reach your goal．你离成功不远了。
(3)It Was+时间段+before从句。
表示”过了多久才……”。
before从句后的谓语动词多用一般过去时。
如：It was four hours before he finished the work,过了四小时他才完成工作。
考例：It is_________ Tom often breaks the school roles_________ makes his teacher unsatisfied with him．A．what：that B．that；whatC．that；that D．which ;that【答案】C考点5 谓语动词的强调强调句“It is/was…that…”一般不强调谓语动词，如果要强调谓语，用助动词do，does或did。
如：The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1．家里的确设法让他上技术学校。
倒装句考点1 全部倒装Now comes your turn!该你了3．当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be，come，sit，live，stand，lie，exist等时，常用全部倒装。
如：On the ground lay an old man，who was dying．地上躺着一位老人，奄奄一息。
4．such作表语，置于句首，表示“这样的人/事物；上述的人/事物”。
be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。
如：Such is their decision．他们的决定就是这样。
考例：At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies ChongqingB. Chongqing liesC. does lie ChongqingD. does Chongqing lie【答案】A【解析】考查倒装。
表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。
考点2 部分倒装只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。
主要有：情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同，so相当于indeed，certainly。
如：①Mary has learned by heart 200 words，and So have I．玛丽已经记住了200个单词，我也是这样。
②——The girls study hard．这些女孩学习刻苦。
——so they do．她们的确如此。
3．在以never，seldom，not only，rarely，scarcely，in no way等否定或半否定词开头的句中用部分倒装。
如：Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery．我想象不到会看到这样美妙的景色。
6．在hardly…when，no sooner…than，not until句型中，主句须部分倒装。
如：Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow．他一到，天就下起雪来了。
7．as引导的让步状语从句结构为：形容词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语。
如：8．在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should置于句首。
如：Were I in your position，1 would not go．我要是在你的位置上，我是不会去的。
9．however，no matter how引导的让步状语从句。
如：However hard he worked，he couldn’t solve the problem．不管多努力，他就是解决不了那个问题。
考例：1.We laugh at jokes，but seldom ______ about how they work．A．we think B．think weC．we do think D．do we think2.Never______ Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute.A．did we think B．have we thoughtC．we thought D．we have thought【答案】A3.Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him.A did he beginB had he begunC he beganD he had begun 【解析】考查倒装句。