An arts administrator in a small organization may do marketing,event booking,and handle financial issues.An arts administrator for a larger arts organization may be responsible for buildings and facilities, creative staff(e.g.,performers/artists),other administrative staff, public relations,marketing,and writing reports.A senior level-arts administrator may advise the Board of Directors or other senior managers on"strategic planning and management decisions.An effective arts administrator must also be knowledgeable in local,state and federal public policy as it relates to human resources,health insurance,labor laws and volunteer risk management."[2]小团体的艺术管理者可做市场营销、票务及处理财务问题。
大的机构的艺术管理者可负责场馆与设施、主创人员(如演员/艺人)、其他行政职员、公共关系、市场营销、撰写报告。
资深的艺术管理者可向公司董事会或其他高管提取“战略规划与管理决策”的建议。
富有成效的艺术管理者还必须熟知地方、州和联邦与人力资源、医疗保险、劳动法及义工风险管理相关的公共政策。
[2](译注:类似于HR要干的事情。
)Some notable professionals in the field include Philippe de Montebello,curator of New York City's Metropolitan Museum of Art from 1977-2008.On his retirement,he was both the longest-serving director in the institution's history,and the longest-serving director of any major art museum in the world.Michael Maddox co-founded the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow,home to Bolshoi Ballet and Bolshoi Opera who are amongst the oldest and grandest ballet and opera companies in the world.Another notable figure in arts administration is John Lane of John Lane's Ogunquit Playhouse in Ogunquit,ne acquired the playhouse in1950and successfully ran the organization,still considered to be"America's foremost summer theatre,"until his retirement in1994.The website is found at 该领域知名的执业者有:Philippe de Montebello,1977-2008年任纽约大都会艺术博物馆馆长。
在退休时,他成为该机构有史以来在位时间最长的主管以及世界各大艺术博物馆在位时间最长的主管。
Michael Maddox曾在莫斯科共同创建莫斯科大剧院,其主场芭蕾舞团和歌剧团是世界上最古老最宏大的芭蕾与歌剧团体。
另一个值得注意的人物是在缅因州的Ogunquit建立“John Lane’s Ogunquit Playhouse(奥甘奎特剧场)”的John Lane。
他在1950年收购该剧场并成功运行,直到1994年他退休时,仍是“美国最著名的夏日露天剧场”。
(网址:)Issues in Arts Administration艺术管理中的问题Like any business,arts organizations must work within changingexternal and internal environments.[3]External changes can include cultural,social,demographic,economic,political,legal and technological.Internal changes can include audience,membership,Board of Directors,personnel,facilities,growth,and financial.Another change that must be taken into consideration is the growing need for technology-based marketing programs(i.e.:social media)in order for the organization to change with the times and bring younger visitor and member pools into the organization.Although a good arts administrator constantly monitors and manages change,he must also remain aware of the overall direction and mood of the organization while helping people do their day-to-day jobs.[4]Arts organizations,as part of the economic system,experience the effects of the expansion and contractions in the local,regional,national and world economy.[5]Many arts organizations struggle in difficult economic times.There are assistance programs specifically for arts and cultural organizations such as which is designed to provide planning assistance and consulting to struggling arts organizations throughout the United States.同其他业务一样,艺术机构必须在不断变化的外部与内部环境中运行。
[3]外部变化包括文化、社会、人口、经济、政治、法律与技术,内部变化包括受众、会员、董事会、员工、设施、发展和资金。
另外必须想到的变化是,日益增长的建立在技术基础上的市场营销计划(比如社交媒体)的需求,这是为了使机构与时俱进,并吸取新鲜血液(更年轻的顾客和会员池)。
尽管优秀的艺术管理者经常监控和管理着这些变化,在帮助人们进行日常工作时,他还要对总体方向和组织氛围保持清醒头脑。
[4]作为经济体系的一员,艺术机构经历着本地、区域、国家和世界经济增长与收缩的影响。
[5]许多艺术机构在经济困难期挣扎。
有专门面向艺术与文化机构的援助项目,如网站,这是为挣扎在美国各地的艺术机构提供规划援助和咨询而设。
Academic programs学院专业Arts administration programs are available at a number of universities and colleges in the US,the UK,Canada and Australia.Some academic units offer certificate programs for practitioners seeking continuing education or professional development education.艺术管理专业在美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等的大学里都有。
一些学术单位面向从业人员开设继续教育或专业提升教育的认证课程。
While programs in arts administration draw on many elements of related administration fields,such as business administration,they also include specialized courses on administering non-profit art and cultural organizations.当艺术管理专业借鉴管理领域的诸多元素时,比如商业管理,它们也会包括一些非营利性的艺术与文化机构的专业课。
Arts administration programs award a range of credentials,including certificates and diplomas,Bachelor's degrees,and Master's degrees. These programs usually blend curriculum elements from existing administration programs such as public administration,business administration,arts law,and management.艺术管理专业授予以下学位与学历证书:学士、硕士。