Case 2:White DressCase analysis: The Indian women might think the wedding ceremony is a funeral if they seethe western bride in white gown. The case reflects the similes and metaphors in the text. Culture is like an iceberg: we can identify the color of the dress worn by women in different cultures, but we do not know the values undern eath. Culture is like the water a fish swims in: people wear dress of differe nt colors for differe nt con text but they usually take it for gran ted and n ever ask why.白色的裙子案例分析：印度女人可能认为婚礼是一个葬礼，如果他们看到西方新娘白色礼服。

案例反映了明喻和隐喻的文本。

文化就像一座冰山：我们可以识别妇女所穿的衣服的颜色在不同的文化，但是我们不知道下面的值。

文化就像水中的鱼游：人们穿着不同颜色的不同的背景，但他们通常是理所当然，从不问为什么。

Case 4:Coconut-skatingCase an alysis: The case reflects the characteristics of culture. We can tell from the case thatculture is pervasive and it ' s learned. People may invent different ways for things even as simple asthe issue of floor moping. The Philipp ine woma n must have lear ned this way of mopp ing from her own culture.Coconut-skating案例分析：这一事件反映岀文化的特点。

我们可以告诉从文化无处不在的情况下学习。

人们甚至可以创造不同的东西一样简单的问题地板闷闷不乐。

菲律宾女人必须学会了这样的擦自己的文化。

Case 12:Why Don' t You Eat the Pizza?This case can reflect the problems appeari ng duri ng in tercultural com muni cati on and how ignoring cultural differe nces can affect com muni cati on. In Malaysia, where most people are Muslims, people think the left hand is used only for clea ning the body and thus it is dirty and can not be used to pass food. Knowing nothing about the cultural differenee, the American student puts himself in an embarrass ing situati on.你为什么不吃比萨吗？这种情况下可以反映出跨文化交流中出现的问题，忽略文化差异如何影响沟通。

在马来西亚，大多数人都是穆斯林，人们认为左手是仅用于清洗身体，因此它是脏的，不能用来传递食物。

任何了解文化差异，美国学生把自己在一个尴尬的局面。

Case 21:A Danish Woman in New Y orkThis case can reflect assu ming similarity in stead of differe nee. When com mun icati ng withpeople from ano ther culture, one is likely to regard and treat other people as “ his people assume there must be only one way of doing things: that is “rtnisiwayisgthe Danishwoma n assumes that her behavior of leav ing the baby alone, which is com mon in Den mark, is also appropriate in New York. Here, she assumes what is suitable in her own culture is alsoin disputable in ano ther culture. That is why the small con flict happe ns.一个丹麦的女人在纽约这种情况下可以反映假设相似而不同。

当与人交流从另一种文化，一个是可能认为和对待他人是“他的人”，认为必须有做事的方法只有一个：这是“他的方式”。

在这种情况下，丹麦女人假定她独自离开孩子的行为，这是常见的在丹麦，在纽约也合适。

这里，她认为什么是适合自己的文化在另一种文化也是毋庸置疑的。

这就是为什么会发生小冲突。

Case 23:Girl-nessThis case can reflect one of the tran slati on problems: the lack of con ceptual equivale nee， which refers to abstract ideas that may not exist in the same fashion in different Ianguages. Differe nt cultures may attach differe nt meanings to the same thi ng or pers on. Concerning this case， we should know what young females call themselves is very different in China from the States. In China，"girl" means some one who is young and sin gle. In a way，it makes a female sound more desirable to be called a girl rather tha n a woma n. For most people，"woma n" means some one who is married and who probably is not young. In fact，most sin gle Chin ese females，such as uni versity stude nts，would be in sulted to be called "wome n". While in the West，in formal，public sett in gs，it is customary to call any woman who is past puberty a woman，even though she may not be legally old eno ugh to vote，marry，purchase alcoholic beverages，drive a car，or sig n a con tract. This terminology became widespread during the "women's liberation movement in the 1960s". The term "'girl" is sometimes in terpreted to be demea ning or disrespectful.girl-ness 这种情况下可以反映岀一个翻译问题：缺乏概念的等价性，指的是抽象的概念，在不同的语言中不存在的以相同的方式。

不同的文化含义是不同的同一件事或人。

关于这种情况，我们应该知道什么是年轻女性自称从美国在中国非常不同。

在中国，“女孩”意味着年轻和单身的人。

在某种程度上，它让女性声音更可取的被称为一个女孩而不是女人。

对大多数人来说，“女人”是指结婚的人谁可能不年轻。

事实上，大多数中国单身女性，如大学生、会侮辱了被称为“女人”。

而在西方，在正式、公共设置，按照惯例打电话给任何女人过去的青春期女性，尽管她可能不是合法投票年龄，结婚，购买酒精饮料，开车，或签订合同。

这个术语普及在“ 1960年代的妇女解放运动”。

“女孩” 一词有时被解释为是贬低或无礼。

Case 25:Success StoryOne of the sources of the frustrati on and misun dersta ndings that occurred in this case was differe nt no ti ons of what was verbally releva nt. In this case，Mary was expect ing a much more direct resp onse to her questi on. Ms. Goshima，however，was un comfortable with the questi on and felt her resp onse should be very in direct and establish a proper sense of modesty before reveali ng the answer to the question. If Mary had been more patient，she would have eventually heard the an swer to her questio n，but she was not really pay ing atte nti on whe n it fin ally came because she felt that Ms. Goshima's comme nts were n't really releva nt to her query.成功的故事挫折和误解的来源之一，在这种情况下发生不同的口头的观念有关。