英语倒装句倒装句“四兄弟”英语句子的基本结构是主语在前，谓语在后，但是出于修辞上的需要，我们常使用倒装结构。
谓语都放在主语的前面称为全部倒装；只把谓语的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词be）放在主语前面称为部分倒装。
倒装句内容繁杂，难以把握，但按照下列法则归类，便可达到事半功倍的效果。
一、结构倒装1. there be句型。
用全部倒装。
如：There are two books on the desk.桌子上有两本书。
There lived an old couple in that house.有一对老夫妇住在那栋房子里。
2. 疑问句。
用部分倒装。
如：What are you going to do today?你今天要做什么？Do you often get up at 6:00 in the morning?你每天经常6点起床吗？注意：疑问词作主语的句子不倒装。
3. 表示祝愿或感叹的句子。
用部分倒装。
如：May you succeed! 祝你成功！Isn”t it wonderful! 这多好呀！How blue the sky is! 天空多蓝呀！4. 直接引语位于句首的陈述句，主语是名词时用全部倒装。
如：“We will put off the meeting” said the headmaster.校长说：“我们将推迟这次会议。
”二、强调倒装1. 副词there, here, up, down, now, then, in, out, away, over, on, off, soon, thus 等位于句首，且主语是名词时谓语常用be或表示位移的动词，用全部倒装。
如：Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。
The door opened and in came a strange man.门开了，闯进一个陌生人。
注意：代词作主语时不倒装。
如：Away they all went.他们一下子都走了。
2. 介词短语、形容词、分词等位于句首时用全部倒装。
如：In front of the village is a small river.村子前面有一条小河。
Present at the meeting were all the teachers and students in our school.全校师生都出席了会议。
Lying on the floor was an old woman.躺在地板上的是位老太太。
Seated on the grass are some students singing and laughing.一些学生坐在草地上，唱着、笑着。
3. 有些含否定意义的副词或短语seldom, hardly, scarcely, barely, never, little, not, nowhere, at no time, no sooner… than…, not until, not only… but also…, by no means, hardly (scarcely)… when…等，或表示时间的副词或短语always, often, once, then, many a time, now and then, every three hours等位于句首时用部分倒装。
如：Seldom have I met him recently.最近我很少碰到他。
No sooner had they reached home than it began to rain.他们刚到家，天就下雨了。
Nowhere was the boy to be found.哪儿都找不到这个孩子。
Not until the sun had set did they stop working.直到太阳落山他们才停止工作。
Often did we persuade him not to smoke.我们经常劝他不要吸烟。
Many a time have I seen him sitting there thinking deeply.我多次看见他坐在那里沉思。
4. “only＋状语”位于句首时后面的句子用部分到装。
如：Only by working hard can you make great progress.只有努力，你才能取得更大的进步。
Only when the war was over in 1945 was he able to get back to his motherland.直到1945年战争结束后，他才能够回到他的祖国。
5. “so (such)… that…”结构中的so或such位于句首时前半句用部分倒装。
如：So wonderful was the film that everyone was deeply moved.这部电影如此精彩，每个人都被深深打动了。
Such a good student is she that our teachers all love her.她是那么好的一个学生，我们的老师都喜欢她。
三、省略倒装1. 省略了if的虚拟条件句，把had, were, should, would, could或did提到句首时，构成部分倒装。
如：Had we left a little earlier, we could have caught the train.我们要是早点动身就赶上火车了。
Should Albert start tomorrow morning, I would get everything ready now.要是阿尔伯特明天出发，我今天就得把一切准备好。
Did time permit, we might finish the task.如果时间允许，我们也许能完成这项任务。
2. neither/ nor（否定）或so（肯定）位于句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另外一个人或物时用部分倒装。
如：He can not speak English, neither can his sister.他不会讲英语，他的妹妹也不会。
Tom is a good student, so is Mary.汤姆是个好学生，玛丽也是个好学生。
四、让步倒装1. as或though引导的让步状语从句，把形容词、副词、动词或名词（不加冠词）放在句首时常用部分倒装。
如：Hard as he worked, he still failed in the exam.尽管他很用功，但他考试还是不及格。
Child though he is, he knows a lot of things.尽管他还是个孩子，他却懂得很多事情。
2. however之类的词，位于句首时用部分倒装。
如：However hard the work may be, we must do it well.无论工作有多难，我们都必须把它做好。
Whoever you may be, I will not let you in.不管你是谁，我都不会让你进来。
3. 动词前置be动词用原形，用部分倒装。
如：Say what you will, I won”t change my mind.无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。
Be he poor or rich, she will marry him.无论他是穷还是富，她都会嫁给他。
1. 完全倒装1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前（是整个谓语动词，而非助动词）。
例如：In came the teacher and the class began. （老师走了进来，然后开始上课。
）2) there引出的完全倒装句：除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等，一般都译成"有"的含义，构成完全倒装句。
例如：There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.（远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。
）3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句：以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。
例：Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.（那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。
）例： Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him.注意：1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中，当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句，但当主语是代词时，就要用部分倒装句。
例：Here comes the postman!（邮递员终于来了！注意实意谓语动词位于主语之前。
）Here we are.（我们到了。
注意系动词位于主语代词之后。
）2) 注意正语序和倒装语序的语气、意义是区别：例：Here is the picture I love.（这正是我所喜爱的画。
）The picture I love is here.（我所喜爱的画在这里。
）3) 当主语是代词，谓语是系动词，表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时，可以使用完全倒装句，起强调作用。
例：Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.（他真幸运，被一所名牌大学录取了。
）2. 部分倒装1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分（如助动词、情态动词等）放到主语前，或把句子的强调成分提前。
例： were she to leave right now, she would get there on Sunday. 如果她立刻就走，她就能在星期天到达那里2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。
注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法：例：Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.（小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。
）例：In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.3) 以否定副词开头并加状语的句子要求部分倒装。