• We clean the classroom every day. • The classroom is cleaned by us
every day.
2）.一般过去时 was/were+done
He made the kite. The kite was made by him.
• He put on a coat. • A coat was put on by him.
Many trees should be planted every year.每年都应该种更多的树。
2. 强调或突出动作的承受者，而不强调动 作的执行者。
世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
• 3. 动作不是由人发出的。
3）.一般将来时 shall/will /be going to+ be done
• They will plant trees tomorrow. • Trees will be planted by them
tomorrow • He is going to write a letter to his
The window was broken by Tom.
2.He broke the windows.
The windows were broken by him.
Be要随着主语变 逻辑主语by来引
Exercise:
He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.
The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day.
Exercise:
We call the snowman Mr. Strong.
The snowman is called Mr. Strong.
Exercise:
He bought some fruits yesterday.
5）.含有情态动词的被动语态
• can/may/must/should +be done
• I can find him. • He can be found by me.
三、被动语态的用法
1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。
The windoe was broken last night. Rice is grown in the south of China.
• I saw him open the door just now.刚才我看 见他进屋了（主动语态）
• He was seen to open the door just now.
2. 主动结构表被动意义
①open,lock,write,read,sell,wash, cut,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主 语为物，可以用主动语态表被动意义。
Some fruits were bought yesterday.
主动语态变被动语态的方法
•
（主语）
（宾语）
• 主动语态：动作的执行者+谓语动词的主动形式+动作的承受者
• 被动语态：动作的承受者+谓语动词的被动形式+动作的执行者
•
（主语）
（宾语）
• 说明： • （1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动
句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。 • （2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾
格，并由by引导。 • （3)谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
补充部分
• 主动语态中，使役动词（make, let, have）, 感官动词（see, hear, watch, feel,notice） 后面跟省略to的不定式，变为被动语态时， 要加上不定式符号to.
主动语态
Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们的教室每天被打扫。
被动语态
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现 出来的。
二、被动语态的基本构成： be+动词的过去分词（be+done)
be随着人称，时态和数的变化而变化
1）.一般现在时 am/is/are +done
This kind of shirt sells well. The pen writes smoothly.
• ② cost, fit, agree with (气候，食 物等适合于）使用主动表被动。
• The book costs me twenty yuan.
• 3.系动词没有被动形式 look,sound,taste,smell,feel等系 动词用主动表被动意义。
中考语法精讲——被动语态
我吃了一个苹果， 那现在苹果怎样了？
苹果被…
苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的 被字句，英语中的“被字句” 我们称之为被动语态。
英语中有两种语态： 主动语态和被动语态。
一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态
We speak
主语
谓语
English.
宾语
主动语态
谓语speak的动作是由主语we执 行的，即主语是是谓语动词所表 示动作的执行者。
mother. • A letter is going to be written to his
mother by him.
4）.现在完成时
has /have +been done
• Jim has finished the work. • The work has been finished by Ji
English is spoken by many people.
主语
谓语
宾语
主语English是谓语动词speak 所表示的动作的承受者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
We clean our classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。
许多房屋被冲走了。 Many houses were washed away by the flood.
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
We speak
English. 主动语态
主语
谓语
宾语
English is spoken by us.
主语
谓语
宾语
宾变主,主变宾,前加by
被动语态
1. Tom broke the window.