repairing .
4.如下连词可与分词连用作状语： 1）时间状语
When/while/after/before v-ing
e.g Be careful when (you are) crossing the road.
After finishing his homework, he went to watch Tv. 2）让步状语：Althogh/Though
for us.
The problem to be discussed next week is very important
for us.
The problem discussed last week is very important for us.
Having been used for many years, the machine needs
He being absent from the meeting, we felt unhappy. 2.独立主格：
现在分词/过去分词 名词/代词+ 形容词/副词
介词短语
e.g The signal given, the train left out.
Wether permitting, we’ll go out for a walk.
如：上1、3、5
现在分词完成式表示，分词动作发生在主句动作之前如：7
3：区别：以下三种都可表达被动但是有分别
being v-ed:此动作与主句动作同事发生
to be v-ed:此动作将要发生
v-ed :此动作已完成
e.g.The problem being discussed now is very important
D. to cover
6. Don’t sit there __C__nothing, come and help me with this table.
a walk.(时间） 总结： 1.分词位置 ：位于主句 之前：时间，条件，原因，让步
之后：方式，伴随，结果
2.现在分词时态与语态：
一般式
完成ng v-ed
被动 being v-ed
having been v-ed
注：现在分词一般式表示，分词动作与主句动作同时发生
一、分词逻辑主语与主句主语一致：
Look at the following sentences and tell me
the form of the underlined verb: 1）.Hearing the news, he burst out laughter.（时间） 2）.Not knowing the address, I can’t get in toutch
generally /frankly/ speaking,
judging by/from
to start/begain with
to make matter worse 三、判断分词的方法：主要找准分词与其逻辑主语的关系 1.分词作状语：当其逻辑主语与句子主语一致时，看分词与句子主语的关系； 当其逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，看分词与自己逻辑主语的关系。 主动：v-ing 被动：v-ed 将来：to do/to be done 2.作宾补：同1 3.分词作定语：则看其与限定的词的关系 正在发生的:being v-ed 已完成的：要发生的：to be v-ed如 3例 四、分词与不定式的的否定：在其前直接加not
Homework finished, he went out.
book in hand.
He came into the room, a book in his hand.
with a book in his hand.
Her head leading on the tree, she stood there. 3.特殊形式：
4.Things ___A__never come agaCin!
A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost
5. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket __A__the desert.
A. covering BB. covered C. cover
the river.
A. Suffering B. Having suffered
C. To suffer D. Suffered
3.Cleaning women in big cities usually get_C_____ by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
e.g 1.Unless___A___ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A.invited
B. inviting
C. being invited D. having invited 2.____B__ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up
with her.（原因） 3）.He came running.（伴随） 4）.Her husband died, leaving her 4 children.（结果） 5）.He sat there reading a book.（伴随） 6）.Working hard, you ‘ll succeed.（条件） 7）.Having finished his homework, he went out for
e.g Though working hard, he couldn’t succeed. 3）结果状语：only to do（意外）
thus doing（顺其自然） 二、当分词主语与句子主语不一致时： 1.v-ing 分 词：作状语其逻辑主语用主格
动名词：作主，宾等其逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词
e.g His coming late made the teacher angry.