语法精讲：功能意念重难点1. Apology 道歉当我们需要表达歉意时，我们说I’m sorry; 如果表示“我真的很抱歉”，我们可以在sorry前用really或terribly修饰。

作为应答，我们应该用That’s all right. /Never mind. /It doesn’t matter. /Don’t worry. 等表示“没关系”。

-- I’ve broken your glass. I’m sorry about that.-- That’s all right.2. Congratulations 祝贺我们总是用Congratulations!来表示恭喜别人，应答总是用Thanks. 或Thank you.当别人告诉我们诸如获胜的好消息时，我们可以用Well done. / You deserve to win. / That’s wonderful news. 等来表示祝贺。

1) -- You won 2 million dollars. Congratulations!-- Thank you.2) -- I won the first prize.-- You deserved to win.3. Gratitude 道谢向别人道谢可以说Thanks./ Thank you.要表达非常感谢，可以说Thank you very much. / Thank you very much indeed. /Thanks a lot.表示“不用谢”的应答句有：You are welcome. /It’s a pleasure. / My pleasure. /Not at all. 等-- Thank you very much.-- It’s my pleasure.4. Impression 印象我们可以用What do you think of…?或How do you like…?来询问对方对某事或某人的印象和看法。

1) -- What do you think of the Great Wall?-- It’s magnificent.2) -- How do you like the people in Shanghai?-- They are very friendly.5. Invitation 邀请当邀请别人来参加你的生日宴会等活动时，可以用I’d like to invite you to…来表示邀请。

当邀请别人和你一起去做某件事时，可以用Would you like to join us? 或Would you like to go with me?接受对方邀请的应答是Thank you. I’ll be glad to come. 或Thanks. I’d love to come.如果表示拒绝对方的邀请，可以说I’d love to, but…，这样比较婉转，再说声Thank you all the same. 以示感谢。

1) -- I’d like to invite you to have dinner with my family tonight.-- Thank you. I’ll be glad to come.2) -- We are going to see a film. Would you like to join us?-- I’d love to, but I have a lot of homework to do. Thank you all the same.6. Offers 提供主动提供帮助，我们可以说Can I help you? /What can I do for you? /Let me help you. /Anything I can do to help? 其中，Can I help you?和What can I do for you?还可以是商店营业员、图书管理员等职员用来为顾客提供服务时所说的话。

1) -- Can I help you?-- Yes, I’d like a cup a coffee.2) -- Let me help you.-- No, thanks. I can manage by myself.3) -- What can I do for you?-- I’d like to buy a pair of shoes.向别人提供食物，我们可以说Would you like…?或Would you like to have…?请对方随便吃东西时，我们说Help yourself to…，注意其应答是Thanks。

1) -- Would you like some tea?-- Yes, please.2) -- Would you like to have some steak?-- No, thanks.3) -- Help yourself to some fish.-- Thanks.主动提出帮助对方做某事时，我们可以用Shall I…?/Would you like me to…? 或Let me…要注意应答，即如何有礼貌地接受帮助或拒绝帮助。

1) -- Shall I book a ticket for you?-- Yes, please. That’s very kind of you?2) -- Would you like me to get a pen?-- No, you needn’t. Thank you all the same.7. Permission 允许请求对方允许自己做某事时，我们常说May/Can I…?同意对方请求的应答是Yes, you may/can. 或OK./Sure. /Of course./Certainly./ All right.不同意对方的请求时，我们说No, you may not. /I’m afraid you can’t. /You’d better not.1) -- May I borrow your pen?-- Yes, of course.2) -- Can I watch TV now?-- I’m afraid you can’t. You haven’t finished your homework yet.我们还可以用Would you mind my (doing)…? 或Would you mind if I …?来询问对方是否介意自己做某事。

表示不介意的应答是Not at all./ Of course not. /Certainly not. Please go ahead.如果介意，不希望对方这么做，我们说I’m afraid…,并给个理由1) -- Would you mind my sitting here?-- Of course not.2) -- Would you mind if I smoke here?-- You’d better not.8. Request 请求请求对方帮忙，我们用Can/Could/Will/Would you help me…?或Please…for me.答应帮助对方时，我们说OK./Sure. /Of course. /Certainly. /All right. /No problem. 如果不能帮忙，我们说sorry，…并给个理由。

1) -- Could you help me carry the box?-- Sure.2) -- Please post the letter for me on your way to school.-- Sorry, I’m not going to school today.我们还可以用Would you mind (doing)…?来询问对方是否介意做某事。

-- Would you mind opening the door?-- Not at all.我们用Can/May I…?来表示请求对方同意自己做某事。

1) -- May I come in?-- Yes, please.2) -- Can I join you?-- Sure, you are welcome.9. Suggestions 建议向对方提出建议，我们可以用：Let’s…, shall we? / Shall we…? /What/How about (doing)…?/Why not…?/Why don’t you/we…?/ I’d suggest…注意应答句的使用，即表示接受或婉拒别人的建议。

1) -- Let’s go for a walk, shall we?-- Yes, let’s go.2) -- Shall we leave now?-- OK.3) -- How about taking a trip to Suzhou?-- That’s a good idea.4) -- What would you suggest we do?-- I’d suggest we go to the beach.5) -- Why don’t you go to the museum?-- I don’t feel like it.10. Willingness 意愿表达意愿最常用的是I would like to或I would love to。

-- Would you like to work at the South Pole in the future?-- Yes, I’d love to.11. Worry 担忧我们常用I’m (a bit) worried about…来表达自己对某人或某事的担心。

劝告别人不要担心，我们说Don’t worry.或Take it easy.等Practice1. 区分：Would you like to do…? /Would you like sb. to do…?例1：--Tim and I will visit the exhibition this weekend. Would you like to join us?--______. (2013)A) Well done B) That’s right C) You’re welcome D) I’d love to例2：--Would you like me to bring you a cup of coffee?--______. (2008)A) Yes, I’d like to B) It’s a pleasure C) Yes, please D) It doesn’t matter 例3：--Would you like to go camping with us this weekend?--______. But I’m busy with my homework.A) No, thanks B) Thank you C) I’d like to D) That’s a good idea 例4：--Would you like me to book two tickets for you this afternoon?--______.That’s very kind of you.A) Yes, please B) It’s a pleasure C) Yes, I’d like to D) Never mind2. Never mind 含义是“没关系”例5：--Would you mind helping me to collect some information?-- ______.A) Never mind. B) Take it easy. C) Of course not. D) You’re welcome.例6：-- I’m sorry I’ve taken your book by mistake. (2016宝山一模)-- ______A) That’s right.B) Never mind.C) You’re welcome.D) Of course not.【难度】★【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. BHomework1.--May I ask you a question, Mr. Smith? （2016宝山嘉定二模）--______A. No, thanks.B. I’d love to.C. Yes, please go ahead.D. No, you can’t.2.--Can I take a seat here, sir? （2016崇明二模）--______.My friend will be back soon.A. It’s hard to sayB. Go aheadC. Yes, pleaseD. I’m afraid not3.–Would you like me to drive you near the workplace?--______（2016崇明二模）A. I’ll go there by bus.B. Thanks, that’s very kind of you.C. I think it’s far to get to the workplace.D. Sorry to trouble you.4.--You don't have to play that record so loud, do you?-- ______.（2016奉贤二模）A. I'm sorry to hear thatB. Don't worryC. I'm sorry to have bothered youD. I'm bored.5.--What would you suggest the Grade Nine students do in the last two months?--I'd suggest they work hard and have a good rest.--______.（2016奉贤二模）A. Good idea.B. Yes, I agree.C. Well done.D. It's hard to say.6.--Thank you so much for the present you sent me.--______（2016虹口二模）A. Please don’t say so.B. It’s not so good, I think.C. No, thanks.D. I’m glad you like it.7.--Would you mind booking me a window seat on the next flight to Beijing online?--______, I’m so busy now. I’ll do it later. （2016虹口二模）A. Not at allB. All rightC. SorryD. Never mind8.--______--Sorry. She isn’t at home now. （2016黄浦二模）A. May I speak to Linda?B. Are you Linda?C. Do you know Linda?D. Can I help you, Linda?9.--I feel so nervous about the English Speech Competition tomorrow.--______（2016黄浦二模）A. That’s cool.B. Take it easy.C. Sounds great.D. Glad to hear that.10.--I am afraid the work is too difficult for me to finish by myself.--______（2016静安二模）A. Well done!B. Don’t give it up!C. Have a good day!D. Good idea!11.--We are to be volunteers this weekend. Will you join us, Mary?--______（2016静安二模）A. Not at all.B. Me too.C. Sure. I’d love to.D. That’s all right.12.--We are going to hold an activity to raise some money for our club this weekend.--______ I will help you if I am available. （2016闵行二模）A. It doesn’t matter.B. Sounds great!C. Yes, please.D. You’re welcome.13.-- Our school dancing group won first prize in the dancing competition last week.--______（2016闵行二模）A. Really? Are you kidding?B. Good luck!C. Congratulations!D. I agree with you.14.-- How about raising some money for the people in need?--______（2016普陀二模）A. Never mind.B. Not at all.C. Good idea.D. That’s all right.15.-- Can you teach me how to use iCloud?--______（2016普陀二模）A. Yes, of course.B. No, thanks.C. Yes, please.D. No, you needn’t.16.-- Would you mind passing me the salt?-- ______（2016松江二模）A. No, thanks.B. Don’t worry. I will help you.C. Not at all. Here you are.D. Yes, please.17.-- My car was badly damaged in the accident.-- ______（2016松江二模）A. It’s a pleasure.B. How terrible!C. Congratulations!D. That’s a good idea!18.-- Take a seat and make yourself at home here in our apartment.--______（2016徐汇二模）A. The same to you.B. You are welcome.C. Thank you.D. I’d love to.19.--I am afraid Tim is not going to join you this time.-- ______（2016徐汇二模）A. What a pity!B. It’s very kind of you!C. That’s right!D. That sounds great!20.--Would you mind waiting outside for a moment?--______（2016杨浦二模）A. Never mind.B. You’re right.C. Of course.D. Not at all.21.--Perhaps we could volunteer for SITRZ during the holiday.--______（2016杨浦二模）A. It’s very sweet of you to say so.B. Yes, I’d love to.C. That sounds like a good idea.D. I’ll be glad to help you.22.-- Could you lend me a hand to lift this heavy case, Tomas?--______（2016闸北二模）A. Yes, please.B. Sure.C. No, thanks.D. Never mind.23.-- I’m afraid French is too difficult for me.--______You can do it. （2016闸北二模）A. Don’t give up.B. I’m sorry to hear that.C. It’s too awful.D. So am I.24.-- Will you help me with the box? It’s too heavy. （2016长宁金山）--______A. That’s all right.B. With pleasure.C. It doesn’t matter.D. You are welcome.25.-- Can I park my car here?--______ Look at the sign. It means ‘No parking’. （2016长宁金山）A. Never mind.B. You’d better not.C. Don’t worry.D. That’s OK.。