IEEE 802系列标准/From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, searchThis article includes a list of references, related reading orexternal links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacksinline citations.Please improve this article by introducing more precisecitations where appropriate. (April 2009)IEEE 802 refers to a family of IEEE standards dealing with local area networks and metropolitan area networks.More specifically, the IEEE 802 standards are restricted to networks carrying variable-size packets. (By contrast, in cell-based networks data is transmitted in short, uniformly sized units called cells. Isochronous networks, where data is transmitted as a steady stream of octets, or groups of octets, at regular time intervals, are also out of the scope of this standard.) The number 802 was simply the next free number IEEE could assign, though “802” is sometimes associated with the date the first meeting was held — February 1980.The services and protocols specified in IEEE 802 map to the lower two layers (Data Link and Physical) of the seven-layer OSI networking reference model. In fact, IEEE 802 splits the OSI Data Link Layer into two sub-layers named Logical Link Control(LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC) , so that the layers can be listed like this:∙Data link layero LLC Sublayero MAC Sublayer∙Physical layerThe IEEE 802 family of standards is maintained by the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee (LMSC). The most widely used standards are for the Ethernet family, Token Ring, Wireless LAN, Bridging and Virtual Bridged LANs. An individual Working Group provides the focus for each area.Contents[hide]∙ 1 Working groups∙ 2 See also∙ 3 References∙ 4 External links[edit] Working groupsname description noteIEEE 802.1Bridging (networking) and Network ManagementIEEE 802.2Logical link control inactive IEEE 802.3EthernetIEEE 802.4Token bus disbanded IEEE 802.5Defines the MAC layer for a Token Ring inactive IEEE 802.6Metropolitan Area Networks disbanded IEEE 802.7Broadband LAN using Coaxial Cable disbanded IEEE 802.8Fiber Optic TAG disbanded IEEE 802.9Integrated Services LAN disbanded IEEE 802.10Interoperable LAN Security disbandedIEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n Wireless LAN (WLAN) & Mesh (Wi-Fi certification)IEEE 802.12demand priority disbanded IEEE 802.13Used for 100BASE-X EthernetIEEE 802.14Cable modems disbanded IEEE 802.15Wireless PANIEEE 802.15.1Bluetooth certificationIEEE 802.15.2IEEE 802.15 and IEEE 802.11 coexistenceIEEE 802.15.3High-Rate WPAN certificationIEEE 802.15.4Low-rate WPAN certificationIEEE 802.15.5Mesh networking for WPANIEEE 802.16Broadband Wireless Access (WiMAX certification)IEEE 802.16e(Mobile) Broadband Wireless Access IEEE 802.16.1 Local Multipoint Distribution Service IEEE 802.17Resilient packet ringIEEE 802.18Radio Regulatory TAGIEEE 802.19Coexistence TAGIEEE 802.20Mobile Broadband Wireless Access IEEE 802.21Media Independent HandoffIEEE 802.22Wireless Regional Area NetworkIEEE 802.23Emergency Services Working Group New (March, 2010)对于不同传输介质的不同局域网,IEEE局域网标准委员会定制了不同的标准,适用于不同的网络环境,IEEE 802各标准之间的关系如图4-2所示。
IEEE 802标准主要包括几项(这些标准在物理层和MAC子层有区别,但在逻辑链路子层是兼容的):① IEEE 802.1标准,定义了局域网体系结构、网络互联,以及网络管理与性能测试。
② IEEE 802.2标准,定义了逻辑链路控制(LLC)子层的功能与服务。
③ IEEE 802.3标准,定义了CSMA/CD总线介质访问控制子层和物理层规范。
在物理层定义了4种不同介质的10Mb/s的以太网规范,包括10Base- 5(粗同轴电缆)、10Base-2(细同轴电缆)、10Base-F(多模光纤)和10Base-T(无屏蔽双绞线UTP)。
另外,到目前为止IEEE 802.3工作组还开发了一系列标准,如下所示。
• IEEE 802.3u标准,百兆快速以太网标准,现已合并到IEEE 802.3中。
• IEEE 802.3z标准,光纤介质千兆以太网标准规范。
• IEEE 802.3ab标准,传输距离为100m的5类无屏蔽双绞线千兆以太网标准规范。
• IEEE 802.3ae标准,万兆以太网标准规范。
④ IEEE 802.4标准,定义了令牌总线(Token Bus)介质访问控制子层与物理层规范。
⑤ IEEE 802.5标准,定义了令牌环(Token Ring)介质访问控制子层与物理层规范。
⑥ IEEE 802.6标准,定义了城域网(MAN)介质访问控制子层与物理层规范。
⑦ IEEE 802.7标准,定义了宽带网络技术。
⑧ IEEE 802.8标准,定义了光纤传输技术。
⑨ IEEE 802.9标准,定义了综合语音与数据局域网(IVD LAN)技术。
⑩ IEEE 802.10标准,定义了可互操作的局域网安全性规范(SILS)。
IEEE 802.11标准,定义了无线局域网介质访问控制方法和物理层规范,主要包括以下几项。
• IEEE 802.11a,工作在5GHz频段,传输速率为54M/ps的无线局域网标准。
• IEEE 802.11b,工作在2.4GHz频段,传输速率为11Mb/s的无线局域网标准;• IEEE 802.11g,工作在2.4GHz频段,传输速率为54Mb/s的无线局域网标准;IEEE 802.12标准,定义了100VG-AnyLAN快速局域网访问方法和物理层规范。
IEEE 802.14标准,定义了交互式电视网(Cable Modem)技术。
IEEE 802.15标准,定义了无线个人局域网(WPAN)技术。
IEEE 802.16标准,定义了宽带无线局域网技术。
IEEE 802.17标准,正在制定的弹性分组环(RPR)标准。
IEEE 802.18标准,正在制定的宽带无线局域网标准规范。
● IEEE801.1 网间互连定义802.1是关于LAN/MAN桥接、LAN体系结构、LAN管理和位于MAC以及LLC层之上的协议层的基本标准。
现在,这些标准大多与交换机技术有关,包括:802.1q (VLAN标准)、802.3ac (带有动态GVRP标记的VLAN标准)、802.1v(VLAN 分类)、802.1d(STP生成树协议)、802.1s(MST多生成树协议)、802.3ad (端口干路)和802.1p(流量优先权控制)、802.1w(RSTP快速生成树)。