施心远主编《听力教程》2-（第2版）Un it-1答案Unit 1Sectio n One Tactics for Liste ningPart 1 Phon etics-Stress, Inton ati on and Acce nt1. We haven' t got any indark blue.2. We can' t make it at ninetomorrow.3. My telephone number is not 65031609.4. I don ' t like the blacjumper.5. He won' t come by the 7:30train.(The word or digit in bold has the most stress)Exercise:1. a2. b3. a4. b5. bPart 2 Liste ning and Note-talki ngDriving CarefullyDrive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about, particularly in crowded shopp ing streets, whe n you see a bus stopped, or n ear a parked mobile shop. Watch out for pedestria ns coming from beh ind parked or stopped vehicles, or from other places where you might not be able to see them.Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either under fiftee n or over sixty. The young and elderly may not judge speeds very well, and may step into the road whe n you do not expect them. Give them, and the in firm, or bli nd, or disabled people, ple nty of time to cross the road.Drive slowly n ear schools, and look out for childre n gett ing on or off schoolbuses. Stop when sig naled to do so by a school crossing patrol showing a Stop-Childre n sig n. Be careful n ear a parked ice-cream van —childre n are more interested in ice-cream then in traffic.Whe n coming to a zebra cross ing. be ready to slow dow n or stop to let people cross. You must give way once they have stepped on to a cross ing. Sig nal to other drivers that you mean to slow down or stop. Give yourself more time to slow dow n or stop on wet or icy roads. Never overtake just before a zebra cross ing.Exercise A:1. Drive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about.2. Three out of four pedestrians killed are either under fifteen or over sixty.3. Be careful near a parked ice-cream van—children are more interested in ice-cream tha n in traffic.4. When coming to a zebra crossing, be ready to slow down or stop to let peoplecross.5. You must give way once they have stepped onto a crossing.Exercise B:Driving CarefullyI. Look out for pedestria nsA. Drive carefully at crowded shopping streets.B. Drive carefully near a bus stop.C. Drive carefully near a parked mobile shop.II. Look out for the young, the old and the disabledA. Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either un derfifteen or over sixty.B. The young and the elderly may not judge speeds very well.C. Give them, and the in firm, or blind, or disabled people, ple nty of time to crossthe road.III. Look out for childre nA. Stop at a Stop— Children signB. Drive slowly near a parked ice-cream vanIV. Comi ng to a zebra cross ingA. Slow down or stop to let people cross.B. Signal to other drivers that you mean to slow down or stop.C. Never overtake just before a zebra crossing.Sectio n Two Liste ning Comprehe nsionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Mak ing Arra ng eme ntsMum: Tessa: Mum: Hello.Hi, Mum. ItOh, I ' m fine, Tessa. I except you arrangeme nts for your party are going?s me. How are you?'re phoning to find out how theTessa: Mum:Tessa: Mum: Tessa: Mum: Tessa:Mum:Tessa: Mum: Yes. That ' s right. You know, it ' s really good of you and Dad to the arrangements while I ' m away. I really don ' t know what I without you!Oh, there is not that much to do really. In fact, your father and I are quiteenjoying itGood. So how are thi ng going?Well, let ' s see. I ' ve already hired the hall, so thatHave you found anyone to do the disco yet?No, not yet, dear.Well, do you thi nk you could do that soon, Mum? It might not be easy.What about the equipme nt?Well, we ' re having the sound system and records delivered by a localcompa ny n ext week.Good. That should be all right. What about the bar?That' s all under control. We ' re having the drinkEe d eliiext week.make all'd do's OK.Tessa: Great! Have you organized the food? Are you cooking it?Mum: What, for 70 people? You must be joking! No, I think I ' II have it done by the caterers in the village.Tessa: You' ll do that soon, won ' t you? They ' ll n eed ae.it of no ticMum: Mmm. Of course. Now, I had the invitations printed last week. Thestationer ' s did them, but I haven ' t had time to send them yet •…Tessa: Oh, Mum, but the party ' s in ten days! Send them soon, will you, or we ' ll have no guests!Mum: Yes, I ' m sordear. Look, I ' ll pho ne every one too. I ' ve bee n so busy with all the arra ngeme nts …Exercise:Done To be done Releva nt in formatio nThe placeV The hall has bee n hired.The disco V To find some one to do it.Theequipment The sound system and recordswill be delivered by a local company n ext week.The bar The drinks will be deliveredn ext week.The food To have it done by the caterers7in the village.The in vitationsThey are prin ted and will besent soon.Dialogue 2 Fast Food SurveyA: Excuse me, do you mind an sweri ng a few questi ons?B: No.A: Um firstly, do you ever eat fast food.B: Yes, yes, I do.A: What ki nd of fast food do you n ormally eat?B: Oh, er you know, burgers, sandwiches, well sometimes like a pizza or, you know, kebabsA: Oh, right. And how ofte n do you eat fast food? Every day, more tha n once a week or less tha n once a week?B: Er, well Mon day to Frid ay whe n I ' mvork ing er, yeah every day, um but not …not usually at the weekends.Er, and what about lastly “It creates litter. ” Do you think that ' s true? Yes, yes, it does. Only I, Ialways put mine in a you know in a litter bin, but er unfortunately a lot of people don ' t, um but inthe packaging theof paper invo Ived and plastic and sometimes polystyre ne*.Exercise B: It is convenient and fast, though it doesn ' t aste as good as food in restaura nt. However it is bad to one ' health because there are not vegetables. It is also quite an expensive way of eating, but you 'convenience. And it creates litter because in the packaging there is a lot of paper, plastic and sometimes polystyre ne invo Ived.Part 2 PassageA: B: A: B: A: And what time of day do you eat fast food?Well, at work as I said, you know at l un chtime, um you kno w, I sort of goout and get a burger or sandwich. Sometimes, you kn ow, if, if I ' m going out and I ' ve no timeto cook in the evenings then I ' 11,1 ' ll send out for a pizza.Oh, right. Do you only eat it as a main meal or do you sn ack betwee n meals?No, only as a main meal, you know lunch or, or in the eve ning. B: A: B: A: B: And what do you thi nk of fast food? Which stateme nts do you think aretrue? Um, either “It ' s conveni ”ntOh, definitely. I mean, that ' s sort of the main reason that I eat it. Right. How about “ It tastes good ” ? Yeah. Um, I mean, not as good as food like in a, in a good restaura nt, but itnot bad. “It ' s good for y6u? No. Sort of eating quickly and standing up. It itself isn ' t very good for you, you know there know, vegetables or salad.'s sort of bad for y 's not eno ugh gree ns, um you ou. The food A: B: Mm. How about “ It ' s an expensive way of eating? What do you think of that?Oh, yes it is, er but you' re paying for the convenience, you know the of it. Er, well, I certainly think that it ' s cheaper than you kn own food.speed ow cook ing your A: B: re is a lot good a enoughre pay ing for thePassage 1 Sn ackIt ' 3:15 in the after noon and half the office just stepped out for a coffee break. Your eyelids are starting to close and 7-11 is just around the corner. A soda or a bag of chips would be just the thing to perk you up. So you, too, go out for an after noon sn ack.Sometimes we eat simply because every one else is doing it. Other times we eat whe n we feel tired, bored or depressed. Sn ack ing for the wrong reas ons can lead to overeati ng and un healthy diet.Of course, there are times whe n our bodies really n eed extra en ergy. Here are four tips to keep your sn ack ing on the right track.1. Know why you' reeating. Using food to change your feelings can be a dan gerous habit. An order of French fries might distract you from feeli ng sad fora while, but it ' s only a temporary cure. Once theefei are gone, the problem is still there. If you ' re feeling Ionely, don ' t reach into the refrigerator. Call a friend.If you ' re feeling stressed, take a-iK0nute walk.2. Find a healthy pick-me-up . If you ' re truly hungry, a healthy snack can give you the boost of en ergy you n eed. If you like fresh foods, bring a small bag of tomatoes or apples slices to work with you. To tame your sweet tooth, try a han dful of dried fruit. A serv ing of nuts can be a perfect pick-me-up. They havethe right comb in atio n of nu trie nts to give you the en ergy you n eed. But wait un til you' re hungry to find something to eat. Plan ahead and bring something healthy with you.3. Eat just one serving. Don' topen up a whole box of crackers and start munching away .In stead, pull out just one serv ing and put away the box.4. Think of sn acks as min i-meals. Eat ing small, healthy sn ack can keep you from stuffing yourself at the next meal. Instead of eating three big meals each day, split them in to four or five mi ni-meals. You may actually eat less food overall.Use these tips to help you plan snacks ahead of time. The next time you have a sn ack attack, tame your hun ger the healthy way.Exercise A:a soda or a bag of chips; a piece of cake; a san dwich; a small bag of tomatoes; a small bag of apple slices;a serv ing of nu ts; a glass of low-fat-milk; a serv ing of crackers, etc.Exercise B:1. A2. D3. B4. C5. D6. B7. C8. AExercise C:1. Using food to cha nge your feeli ng can be a dan gerous habit.2. If you ' re feeling Ionely, don ' t reach into the refrigerator. Call a friend.3. A serv ing of nuts can be a perfect pick- me-up.Part 3 NewsNews Item 1The Japa nese electr onic gia nt Sony has slashed its annual earnings forecast again. It 'expected to report an annual operating loss of almost three billion dollars. The compa ny had previously forecast a profit of two billi on dollars.If con firmed, this would be Sony ' first loss 14 years, the sec ond on ly since the compa ny was listed on the Tokyo stock excha nge in 1958.Like other Japa nese exporters, Sony is tak ing a beat ing from the global slump. The yen 'appreciation also means profit —as the company gets 80 perce nt of its sales from overseas.Exercise A:This n ews item is about Sony's first loss in 14 years.Exercise B:1. F2. F3. T4. F5. TNews Item 2World Trade Orga ni zati on mi nisters are meeti ng in Mon treal, Can ada. The trade ministers have been debating the issue of reducing import taxes and government aid for certain services, especially farming. Major agricultural exporters like the United States, Australia and Brazil want all import duties cut to an average of 25%. Importers such as the Europea n Unions, Japa n and some develop ing coun tries say import taxes should be cut by some reas on able percentage based on the country. The United States and European Unions are under pressure to reach a farming agreement that other WTO members can support. The WTO is also divided on the issue of provid ing n ecessary drugs to poor coun tries.Exercise A:This n ews item is abouta world trade orga ni zati on meeti ng on reduc ing taxes andgover nment farming aid.Exercise B:The trade min isters have bee n debati ng the issue of reducing import taxes and government aid for certain services, especially farming. Major agricultural exporters like the Un ited States, Australia and Brazil want all import duties cut to an average of 25%. Importers such as the Europea n Unions, Japa n and some developing coun tries say import taxes should be cut by some reas on able percentage based on the country.News Item 3Russian gas could soon be flowing back into Europe. A spokesman for Naftogaz, the Ukrainian state energy company, told the BBC that Ukraine would accept the presenee of Russian monitors as part of a broader EU mission to check the volume of Russia n gas en teri ng and existi ng Ukraine.This appeared on Thursday ni ght to be the key dema nd from Moscow, the con diti on on which Gazprom, the Russia n en ergy gia nt, would agree to turn on the taps.But, eve n if the deal is accepted by all sides and gas flows to Europe resume, there are still difficult negotiations ahead on the underlying issue that caused the switch-off in the first place: how much Ukraineshould pay Russia for the gas it con sumes, and how much Russia should pay Ukraine in retur n, in tran sit fees. Un til that issue is resolved, this crisis is far from settled.Exercise A:This n ews item is about the crisis betwee n Russia and Ukara ine in terms of gas supply.Exercise B:1. Ukraine would allow Russian monitors to check the volume of Russian gas en teri ng and exit ing Ukraine.2. Russia gave that key dema nd on Thursday ni ght.3. Yes, Ukraine would accept the deal.4. The un derly ing issue was how much Ukraine should pay Russia for the gas it con sumes, and how much Russia should pay Ukraine in retur n, in tran sit fees.5. No, it isn'. Un til the un derly ing issue is resolved, this crisis is far from settled.Sectio n Three Oral WorkHow long can anyone live in Germany without a purchase of either a cold stein of beer or a clock? It didn ' t take long for the beer, but my search for justthe right clock took a few years.In my search I found a cuckoo clock, an old French Tic-Tac clock, and a gold time piece giving the precise time any where in the world. Then came the grandmother clock with the lovely crystal panes—but still no chiming gran dfather clock.Suddenly I received a phone call from a friend. She knew a man whose mother had to move out of her home and furniture was being sold. She asked whether I was in terested in a very old clock.I made the trip into the coun tryside and found a small Germa n home with lovely flower garde ns.The family greeted me as a Iong-lost friend. We had coffee and apple cakes and the n we headed for the attic.I knew the minute I saw him —the old grandfather. Surely he would be expensive! I said, Yes”We returned to our coffee and I asked the big question. How much? ”I paid 45 German Marks in cash, one large can of peaches, a pound of coffee, and a box of Lipt on Tea.Section Four Suppleme ntary ExercisesPassage 1 World Sight DayAn estimated 135 million people have low vision. 40 to 50 million others cannot see at all. Healthy experts warn that the number of blind people will in crease sharply as the world populatio n grows, and grows older. They say the nu mber of bli nd people could almost double by 2020.Yet the World Health Organization says that in eight out of ten cases, blindness can be cured or avoided. October the ninth was World Sight Day. A campaign called vision 2020 released materials to help government and health workers develop n atio nal pla ns to preve nt bli ndn ess.Vision 2020 is a joint effort of the WHO and International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness. The goal is to end prevention blindness by 2020. The campaig n targets four main causes.Cataracts cause the lens of the eye to become cloudy .In most of Africa and Asia, cataracts cause atleast half the cases of blindness that can be cured. A simple operati on can remove cataracts.Trachoma is an in fectious disease spread pers on-to-pers on and by in sects. Trachoma causes about 15 perce nt of all cases of bli ndn ess. Most of the cases are in Africa. The disease can be treated with antibiotic medicines and an operation to correct the damage.The disease known as river blindness is also found mostly in Africa. Flies spread the infection. A yearly treatment of the drug Mectizan can control the disease.Fin ally, a lack of vitam in A as a result of poor nu triti on is the lead ing cause of preve ntable bli ndn ess in childre n.Vision 2020 says that every five seconds another person in the world goes bli nd. Most bli nd people live in develop ing n atio ns. In dia has at least nine milli on. About six million are in China, and seven million in Africa. Officials estimate that the world economy loses about 28,000 milli on dollars each year from curable bli ndn ess.A resolution passed by the World Health Assembly in May urges all gover nments to develop n ati onal pla ns to preve nt bli ndn ess.Exercise A:1. The world Sight Day is on October the ninth.2. The World Health Organization says in eight out of ten cases, blindness can be cured or avoided.3. A campaign called Vision 2020 aims at the prevention of blindness.4. The blindness that can be cured or avoided mostly occurs in developingn ati ons.Exercise B:1. Name: CataractsTreatme nt: A simple operati on can remove cataracts2. Name: TrachomaTreatme nt: An tibiotic medici nes and an operati on can correct the damage.3. Name: River bli ndnessTreatme nt: The drug Mectiza n can con trol the disease.4. Mal nutritio n leads to a lack of vitamin A.Treatment: Food and medicine with ample vitamin A can cure the disease.Exercise C:Your opinionDirections: Listen to the passage again and give your opinion on the following topics.Most bli nd people live in develop ing n ati ons. About six milli on are in China. ”1. What part of area in China do you think most bli nd people live?2. What suggestio ns could you put forward to preve nt bli ndn ess?Passage 2 Tips to Healthy Eati ng and Physical ActivityBreakfast fills your empty tank ” to get you going after a long night without food. And it can help you do better in school. Easy-to-prepare breakfasts include cold cereal with fruit and low-fat milk, whole-wheat toastwith pea nut butter, yogurt with fruit, whole- grain waffles or even last night ' s pizza!It ' s easy to fit physical activities into your daily routine. Walk, bike or jog to see friends. Take a 10-minute activity break every hour while you read, do homework or watch TV . Climb stairs in stead of tak ing an escalator or elevator. Try to do these thi ngs for a total of 30 minu tes every day.Snacks are a great way to refuel. Choose snacks from different food groups—a glass of low-fat milk and a few graham crackers, an apple or celery sticks with pea nut butter and raisi ns, or some dry cereal. If you eat smart at other meals, cookies, chips and candy are OK for occasi onal sn ack ing.Vigorous work-outs —when you ' re breathing hard and sweating help—ourheart pump better, give you more energy and help you look and feel best. Start with a warm-up that stretches your muscles. Include 20 minutes of aerobic activity, such as running, jogging, or dancing. Follow up with activities that help make you stronger such as push-ups or lifting weights. Then cool down with more stretchi ng and deep breath ing.Being active is much more fun with friends or family. Encourage others to join you and pla n one special physical activity eve nt, like a bike ride or hik ing, with a group each week.You don ' t have to gie up foods like hamburgers, French fries and ice cream to eat healthy. You just have to be smart about how ofte n and how much of them you eat. Your body needs nutrients like protein, carbohydrates, fat and many differe nt vitami ns and mi nerals such as vitami ns C and A, iro n and calcium from a variety of foods. Balancing food choices from the Food Guide Pyramid and check ing out the Nutriti on Facts panel on food labels will help you get all these nu trie nts.Eat more grains, fruits and vegetables. These foods give you carbohydrates for energy, plus vitamins, minerals and fiber. Besides, they taste good! Try breads such as whole-wheat, bagels and pita. Spaghetti and oatmeal are also in the grain group.Bananas, strawberries and melons are some great tasting fruits. Try vegetables raw, on a san dwich or salad.A healthy eating style is like a puzzle with many parts. Each part ——or food—is differe nt. Some foods may have more fat, sugar or salt while others may have more vitamins or fiber. There is a place for all these foods. What makes a diet good or bad is how foods fit together. Bala ncing your choices is importa nt. Fit in a higher-fat food, like pepperoni pizza, at dinner by choosing lower-fat foods at other meals. And don ' t forget about moderation. If tpieces of pizza fill you up, you don ' t need a third.Exercise A:People should eat natural foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not bee n affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today. Eat more grain fruits and vegetables.To keep fit, you should do regular physical exercise every day, such as running, joggi ng, dancing or ridi ng a bike, etc.Exercise B:1. B2. C3. D4. A5. A6. D7. B8. DExercise C:1. Breakfast fills your empty tank ” to get you going after a long night without food and it can help you dobetter in school.2. Walking, biking or jogging is easy to fit into your daily routine.3. You must be smart about how ofte n and how much of them you eat.4. Grains, fruits and vegetables give you carbohydrates for en ergy, plus vitam ins, min erals and fiber.5. To make a good diet you should fit foods together and bala nee your choices.。