订单管理
采购管理
生产管理
仓储与运输管理
4
供应链(采购)组织对哪 些结果负责?
5
供应链在哪增值 ? $ 销售
资产回报率 ％
$ 毛利
－
$ 营运利润
$ 销售成本
－
毛利 ％
÷
$ 变动费用
$ 总费用
＋
$ 销售收入
$ 固定费用
Times ………………………………..……..
$ 销售收入
$ 库存
资产周转率
÷
$ 总资产
? Downtime / lost output
? Wastage in production
? Defective outputs
? Lost customer
goodwill & reputation
? De-commissioning
and disposal
9
M12:U2:2.5-8
P&W公司 优化供应链的实践
? Identification of needs ? Investigation of supply
sources ? Qualification and
registration of suppliers ? Communications between
buyer & supplier ? Training of buyer
Mgt.
Resource Mgt.
Info. Systems Mgt.
Business Planning/Strategy
Plan Corporate Strategy
Plan Functional Strategy/Bus.
Plan Category Business
Plan Global Category Bus.
$ 流动资产
＋
$ 固定资产
＋
$ 应收款
＋
$ 其它流动
资产
6
y CHAIN performance management m
hy? How to improv1e. ?What was achieved?
External factors
Internal factors
Outcomes
Environment
需求满足/库存
长短 及时性 弹性 产品质量 工作质量
% #，% % ￥/单位 ￥ ￥
%, 天数
小时 % # 标准 生产率
8
Cost performance (II)
Price vs. total cost of ownership
Total cost of
Pre-transaction costs
Sales & Operations Planning
Supply Chain Management
Supply Chain Business Planning
Integrated Planning
Orders Mgt.
Procurement Mgt.
Production Mgt.
Whs. & Shipping Mgt.
strategy
2c
Managing people
By buyer/
Cost
team
Measuring efficiency
Measuring effectiveness
7
盈利， 竟争力，
客户满 意
指标体系：
效果
客户服务
成本节约
可得性
效率
时间 /可靠性 质量
客户满意 分销度
完善定单 总供应成本 资金/库存成本 断货损失
流程的组织设计实例
1
总的公司业务流程
实现过程
人力资源管理 财务管理 行政管理 信息系统管理 资源管理
供应商
战略/业务计划
创新 市场管理
客户业务拓展
供应链管理客户Leabharlann 运输者消费者2
Company Business Process
Enabling Process
Human Resources
Finance & Accounting Administration
Mana.ging suppliers
Managing processes
By purchase area
By supplier By process
Lead-time/ delivery
Quality
Customer service
Corporate
1a level
Contribution to corporate profitability and competitiveness
Supplier
Customer Business Dev.
Cust. Bus. Planning
Sell Products
Financial Transactions
= MRP II = MRP II Partial Involvement
Marketing Management Marketing Bus. Planning Advertising Mgt.
commissioning ? Late delivery
ITC
Post-transaction costs
? Operating costs
(energy, labour &
consumables)
? Stockholding costs
? Maintenance & repairs
? Spare parts
2b
Purchasing & supply function
2a
1c 1b Function level
By customer
Availability
Customer satisfaction
Supply National Corporate
Inputs
Managing infrastructure
and/or supplier
owTrannsaectriosn hip
costs
? Price ? Administrative cost of
purchasing ? Transport / delivery ? Tariffs, duties & taxes ? Invoicing & payment ? Inspection & testing ? Returns ? Follow-up correction ? Installation &
Media Mgt. Promotion Mgt.
Innovation Innovation
Bus. Planning
Idea Generation & Development
Develop Product
Lunch Product
Customer
Consumer
3
供应链管理
供应链业务计划
一体化计划